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Science News Archive December 2024 - Page 27


Page 27 of 39

MASH discovery redefines subtypes with distinct risks: shaping the future of fatty liver disease treatment

A new study has identified two distinct subtypes of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASH) with similar histological features but different clinical outcomes. The research empowers clinicians to adopt subtype-specific treatments leveraging simple clinical markers, offering a clear path to improve patient outcomes.

ASH: Triplet combination regimens demonstrate high response rates in multiple leukemias

The study presents strong overall responses with a triplet regimen including a novel menin inhibitor, achieving an 82% overall response rate in relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia patients. The combination also demonstrated manageable side effects and significant clinical benefits, providing patients with improved treatment o...

Earliest deep-cave ritual compound in Southwest Asia discovered

Researchers from Case Western Reserve University discovered a large cavern in Manot Cave that was used as a gathering space for rituals, possibly enhancing social cohesion. The site features an engraved rock with a turtle-shell design, contemporaneous with some of the oldest cave paintings in France.

SourceCase Western Reserve University·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeObservational study·DateDec 9, 2024

Could online technology be a clue as to why boys in Norway are outperforming girls in learning English as a second language?

A new study found that Norwegian boys are outperforming girls in learning English as a second language, with the gap increasing at age 13. The researchers suggest that online gaming and digital technology may be contributing factors, contradicting conventional wisdom about gender differences in language acquisition.

SourceTaylor & Francis Group·JournalAssessment in Education Principles Policy and Practice·DateDec 8, 2024

Supporting parents through “unimaginable pain” of losing child – new toolkit developed for clinicians involved in Child Death Review

A new toolkit has been developed for clinicians involved in Child Death Review to improve support for bereaved parents. The recommendations include having a named bereavement support key worker within 24-48 hours after the child's death and providing training for healthcare professionals to better understand parents' roles.

SourceUniversity of Birmingham·JournalArchives of Disease in Childhood·DateDec 8, 2024

USTC proposes a new strategy for designing pure-red OLED materials

Researchers have designed a new strategy for creating pure-red organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) with improved efficiency and color purity. The molecule BNTPA achieves record-breaking external quantum efficiency, making it suitable for next-generation high-definition displays and energy-efficient lighting systems.

SourceUniversity of Science and Technology of China·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·DateDec 8, 2024

Observation of new electric field signals strong potential for assorted devices: new research at City University of Hong Kong

Researchers at City University of Hong Kong have observed a new vortex electric field with the potential to enhance electronic, magnetic and optical devices. The discovery enables the creation of quasicrystals with versatile applications in memory stability, computing speed, spintronics and sensing devices.

ASH 2024: Antibody shows encouraging results for treating high-risk follicular lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma

Two clinical trials testing loncastuximab tesirine showed promising results in patients with high-risk forms of follicular lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma. The treatment achieved impressive response rates, including a 70% complete response rate for marginal zone lymphoma and an overall response rate of 97% for follicular lymphoma.

SourceUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine·JournalThe Lancet Haematology·DateDec 8, 2024

Unlocking the aging brain's potential while navigating in the dark: A new research by Reichman University shows cognition improvement by using an innovative mobile app

A new study by Reichman University reveals a digital treatment protocol improving spatial memory tasks and brain connectivity in aging adults. The innovative mobile app harnesses neuroplasticity to enhance navigational knowledge and potentially mitigate age-related cognitive decline.

SourceReichman University·JournaliScience·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 8, 2024

A healthy diet helps the weighty battle with chronic pain

A new study published in the journal Nutres found that adopting a healthy diet can reduce the severity of chronic pain, regardless of body weight. The research, conducted by the University of South Australia, explored associations between body fat, diet, and pain and found that higher consumption of core foods was directly associated w...

SourceUniversity of South Australia·JournalNutrition Research·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 8, 2024

Global clinical trial shows improved survival rates for common childhood leukemia

A global clinical trial has shown a significant improvement in disease-free survival rates for children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) by combining standard chemotherapy with blinatumomab, an immunotherapy. The study found improved survival rates of up to 97.5% after three years, compared to 90% with chemotherapy alone.

SourceThe Hospital for Sick Children·JournalNew England Journal of Medicine·DateDec 7, 2024

Network-based analyses uncover how neuroinflammation-causing microglia in Alzheimer’s disease form

Researchers have developed a network-based approach to understand how immune cells called microglia transform and drive harmful processes like neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease. The study identified three unique subtypes of harmful microglia that promote disease progression, with genetic signatures driving their behaviors.

SourceCleveland Clinic·JournalAlzheimer’s & Dementia·DateDec 6, 2024

Common food poison toxin speeds colon cancer spread

A study led by UF Health Cancer Center researchers found that a toxin in the bacteria Campylobacter jejuni accelerates the spread of colorectal tumors. The findings could lead to new tools for detecting metastatic colorectal cancer early, ultimately helping determine patients who need more aggressive treatments.

SourceUniversity of Florida·JournalCell Host & Microbe·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 6, 2024

Single mutation in H5N1 influenza surface protein could enable easier human infection

Researchers discovered a single mutation in the H5N1 virus that improves its ability to attach to human cells, potentially making it easier for humans to become infected. The study's findings stress the importance of continued genomic surveillance and public health preparedness to monitor potential genetic changes.

Living in a disadvantaged neighborhood linked to higher blood pressure and lower cognition

Researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine found a strong association between living in disadvantaged neighborhoods and higher blood pressure and lower cognitive scores. The study analyzed data from over 500 adults aged 55+ and used the Area Deprivation Index to measure neighborhood disadvantage.

SourceAtrium Health Wake Forest Baptist·JournalAlzheimer s & Dementia Diagnosis Assessment & Disease Monitoring·DateDec 6, 2024

Developing highly efficient recovery materials for precious 'rare earth metals' and improving resource circulation for digital infrastructure

KIST researchers develop a nanostructured composite fiber material to efficiently recover rare earth metals from waste permanent magnets and industrial wastewaters. The material achieves high adsorption capacities, outperforming conventional adsorption materials.

SourceNational Research Council of Science & Technology·JournalAdvanced Fiber Materials·DateDec 6, 2024

Hybrid theory offers new way to model disturbed complex systems

A hybrid method links bottom-up behaviors and top-down causation in a single theory to capture interactions between small-scale behaviors and system-level properties in disturbed systems. The approach has been tested in examples such as post-fire forest ecosystems and pandemics, predicting ecological patterns and system dynamics.

SourceSanta Fe Institute·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateDec 6, 2024

The first mouse strain that is susceptible to severe COVID-19 without genetic modification has been identified

Scientists at The Jackson Laboratory have identified the CAST/EiJ mouse as a highly susceptible model for studying severe COVID-19. This genetically pure background allows researchers to investigate the virus's impact without artificial receptor modifications, mirroring human responses. Initial trials using antiviral treatments show pr...

SourceJackson Laboratory·JournalScientific Reports·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 6, 2024

Influence of global warming and human activity on mercury accumulation patterns in wetlands across the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

Research reveals two unique mercury accumulation patterns in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau wetlands, driven by climate change and human impact. The study found a 'Surface Peak' in monsoon-controlled regions and a 'Subsurface Peak' in westerly-controlled regions, highlighting the need for ecological sustainability efforts.

SourceScience China Press·JournalNational Science Review·DateDec 6, 2024

New model for replication of BKPyV virus, a major cause of kidney transplant failure

Researchers discovered that BKPyV's large tumor antigen is expressed after the first round of cellular DNA replication, suggesting new drug targets to prevent kidney transplant failure. The study offers a possible solution by targeting host proteins required for re-replication, reducing the likelihood of virus resistance.

SourceUniversity of Alabama at Birmingham·JournalPLOS Pathogens·TypeExperimental study·DateDec 6, 2024

Military director presence on boards of directors increase the likelihood of CEO accountability for poor firm performance

The study found that military directors are more inclined to attribute performance shortfalls to the CEO and advocate for stricter accountability, resulting in CEO dismissal. Military directors' influence is more pronounced when serving on a nominating committee.

SourceStrategic Management Society·JournalStrategic Management Journal·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateDec 6, 2024

American Society of Anesthesiologists’ statement regarding Anthem’s policy reversal on anesthesia care payment

Anthem's revised policy reverses its previous plan to stop paying for anesthesia care after a certain time limit, a move that would have compromised patient safety. The American Society of Anesthesiologists welcomed the decision, highlighting the need for fair payment for anesthesiologists to ensure adequate care for vulnerable patients.

Love thy neighbor

Researchers at ISTA discovered novel network structures that boost cooperation throughout a system. These structures have the potential to be applied in biology, particularly in bioreactors, to speed up evolution and cultivate microorganisms. The findings could also improve cooperation in computer science-based systems.

SourceInstitute of Science and Technology Austria·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateDec 6, 2024