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Science News Archive September 2024 - Page 39


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Medicaid Accountable Care Organizations may increase care engagement and quality among pregnant and postpartum patients

A new study found that Medicaid Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) in Massachusetts increased prenatal and postpartum office visits, postpartum depression screenings, and timely postpartum care. This value-based model of care addressed inequities in healthcare access for pregnant and postpartum people covered by Medicaid.

SourceBoston University School of Public Health·JournalHealth Affairs·TypeObservational study·DateSep 3, 2024

New Reichman University study: People in financial distress behave more morally

A new study by Reichman University researchers found that individuals experiencing financial hardship tend to act more ethically, contrary to common beliefs. Despite economic temptation, those in need uphold their moral standards and actually cheat less than more affluent participants.

SourceReichman University·JournalJournal of Behavioral Decision Making·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024

Targeted cancer therapies: Getting radioactive atoms to accumulate in tumors

Researchers developed a novel compound to target prostate cancer using radioactive atom astatine-211, potentially overcoming issues with previous compounds like deastatination. The study found high accumulation in tumors and low accumulation in vital organs, highlighting the potential of this new compound for targeted alpha therapy.

SourceChiba University·JournalEJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024

NIH awards will support innovation in syphilis diagnostics

The NIH has awarded grants to develop novel diagnostic tools for syphilis, aiming to simplify the testing process and enhance public health response. Advanced molecular techniques, such as nucleic acid amplification systems, are being explored to improve understanding of infant immune responses and diagnose the infection more accurately.

SourceNIH/National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases·DateSep 3, 2024
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

The apple's battle plan: Unraveling the molecular response to fungal infections

A new study uncovers the molecular mechanisms behind apple susceptibility to Glomerella leaf spot, a severe fungal disease impacting yields. The research identifies critical regulatory components, including MdVQ17 and WRKY proteins, that drive disease vulnerability by promoting salicylic acid degradation and pectin lyase activity.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalHorticulture Research·DateSep 3, 2024

New hope for progressive supranuclear palsy with innovative trial

A clinical trial led by UC San Francisco aims to develop new therapies for progressive supranuclear palsy, with a focus on reducing time to find effective treatments and increasing diverse participant enrollment. The five-year grant could lead to the first effective drugs for this incurable neurodegenerative disorder.

SourceUniversity of California - San Francisco·DateSep 3, 2024
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Insulin cells don’t need to team up

Researchers found that adult mice with only beta cells have better glycaemic balance and insulin sensitivity than standard animals. Non-beta cells are not essential for maintaining blood sugar levels, contradicting the prevailing conception.

SourceUniversité de Genève·JournalNature Metabolism·TypeNews article·DateSep 3, 2024

Learning like a teenager

Researchers led by Daniela Vallentin successfully rewired zebra finches' brains using optogenetics, expanding their vocal repertoire. The findings have implications for human aging and potential therapies for neurodegenerative diseases and learning impairments.

SourceMax-Planck-Gesellschaft·JournalNature Communications·DateSep 3, 2024

Women, Black people, and disadvantaged less likely to get heart surgery in England

Research published in the journal Heart found that women, Black people, and those from low-income households are less likely to be offered heart surgery than men, White people, and affluent individuals. When they do receive surgery, they are more likely to die within a year. The study highlights the need for prompt action to tackle the...

SourceBMJ Group·JournalHeart·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 3, 2024
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Generation and multiplexing of double-polarized terahertz vortex combs

The researchers successfully generated dual-polarized terahertz vortex combs by designing a polarization-multiplexed meta-atoms structure and controlling the mode number, position, and interval of the vortex combs. This achievement promotes the development of ultra-high-capacity terahertz multi-mode communication technology.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournalLight: Advanced Manufacturing·DateSep 3, 2024

How zebrafish map their environment

Researchers have found evidence for place cells in zebrafish brains, allowing them to create internal maps of their environment. The brain region, telencephalon, is also thought to be analogous to the mammalian hippocampus and plays a key role in spatial orientation, social networks, and memory.

SourceMax-Planck-Gesellschaft·JournalNature·DateSep 3, 2024

Can technology turn exercise pain into pleasure?

Researchers at the University of Bath have developed sensors that track physical changes experienced by exercisers while using VR headsets, allowing game designers to create immersive programs that adapt to a person's abilities and mood. This technology aims to increase user engagement and adherence to exercise.

SourceUniversity of Bath·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Minimal ADHD risk from prenatal cannabis use new study reveals

A new systematic review and meta-analysis found a slight increase in ADHD risk and heightened vulnerability to cannabis consumption in children exposed to cannabis in utero. The study suggests caution when it comes to cannabis use during pregnancy, highlighting the need for continued research into long-term effects.

SourceThe Hebrew University of Jerusalem·JournalAmerican Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·TypeMeta-analysis·DateSep 3, 2024

Novel green chemistry: A safe, low-cost, and eco-friendly conversion process for the synthesis of sulfonyl fluorides, a world first!

A research group from Osaka University has developed a novel green chemistry method to synthesize sulfonyl fluorides efficiently and with minimal environmental impact. This process uses easily accessible raw materials, thiols and disulfides, and produces only non-toxic sodium and potassium salts as byproducts.

SourceOsaka University·JournalACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024

New machine learning model offers simple solution to predicting crop yield

A new machine-learning model developed by a University of Arkansas student improves upon existing genotype-by-environmental interaction models, achieving higher prediction accuracy. The model uses feature engineering to process environmental data, leading to a 7% improvement in mean prediction accuracy.

SourceUniversity of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture·JournalTheoretical and Applied Genetics·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 3, 2024

How do new words arise in social media?

Researchers analyzed 650 million tweets to identify new words and tracked their adoption. Words used by central users persisted longer, while those with less central positions had a rapid rise and decline. The study reveals the predictive power of social network position in shaping language.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Complex Systems·TypeObservational study·DateSep 3, 2024

Think simpler, flow faster

Researchers have developed a novel approach using deep learning to accelerate the solution of Navier-Stokes equations, a set of classical equations that describe fluid dynamics. The team's method achieved inference latencies of just 7 milliseconds per input, outperforming traditional finite difference methods.

SourceIntelligent Computing·JournalIntelligent Computing·DateSep 3, 2024
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Natural selection may create inter-species exploitation

A modeling study suggests that one-sided interspecies cooperation can emerge and persist over time, with only one species benefiting. The authors use evolutionary game theory and the prisoner's dilemma to model this phenomenon, finding that natural selection may favor asymmetric states where one species exploits another.

SourcePNAS Nexus·JournalPNAS Nexus·DateSep 3, 2024

Newly discovered antibody protects against all COVID-19 variants

Researchers at UT Austin have developed a broadly neutralizing plasma antibody called SC27 that can neutralize all known COVID-19 variants. This discovery was made possible by the technology of Ig-Seq, which provides a closer look at the antibody response to infection and vaccination.

SourceUniversity of Texas at Austin·JournalCell Reports Medicine·DateSep 3, 2024

New approach can help detect and predict mental health symptoms in adolescents by analyzing brain-environment interactions

A new study using manifold learning and signal processing techniques identifies a significant correlation between adolescent brain activity and mental health symptoms. The approach, called exogenous PHATE, combines brain activation data with environmental variables to improve detection of existing symptoms and predict future ones.

SourceElsevier·JournalBiological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 3, 2024

Ketamine clinics vary widely in pregnancy-related safeguards, study finds

A study found that ketamine clinics have inconsistent policies on pregnancy-related safeguards, including inadequate warning systems and contraception prescription. This is concerning given the potential harm of ketamine to developing fetuses.

SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·JournalJournal of Clinical Psychiatry·TypeSurvey·DateSep 3, 2024
CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock

CalDigit TS4 Thunderbolt 4 Dock simplifies serious desks with 18 ports for high-speed storage, monitors, and instruments across Mac and PC setups.

Pregnancy-related heart failure is under-detected; AI-enabled stethoscope helped doctors diagnose twice as many cases

A study at the European Society of Cardiology Congress found that an AI-enabled digital stethoscope helped doctors identify twice as many cases of pregnancy-related heart failure compared to a control group. The tool was 12 times more likely to flag heart pump weakness, leading to better diagnosis and potentially life-saving treatment.

SourceMayo Clinic·JournalNature Medicine·DateSep 3, 2024

Penn study finds taking semaglutide for weight management does not increase risk of depression or suicidal behavior in people without known major psychopathology

A new Penn study analyzing data from over 3,500 participants in clinical trials found no increased risk of depressive symptoms, suicidal thoughts, or suicidal behavior among individuals taking semaglutide for weight management. The study's findings provide assurance that the medication does not increase the risk of mental health issues...

SourceUniversity of Pennsylvania School of Medicine·JournalJAMA Internal Medicine·DateSep 3, 2024

PARP1 selective inhibitor yields potent and durable antitumor activity in patient-derived preclinical models

Researchers found saruparib to be superior and durable in treating PDX models with BRCA1/2 alterations, outperforming olaparib in terms of complete response rate and progression-free survival. The study's results suggest the promise of PARP1 selective inhibitors as a new therapeutic option for patients with advanced solid tumors.

SourceVall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology·JournalGenome Medicine·DateSep 3, 2024
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Can’t stop belching? Dietary habits or disease could be the reason

A survey of 10,000 Japanese adults found that belching disorders are more prevalent in men who drink alcohol and take acid reflux medications. The study also identified factors such as eating until feeling full and low chewing frequency as significant contributors to the development of belching disorders.

SourceOsaka Metropolitan University·JournalThe American Journal of Gastroenterology·TypeObservational study·DateSep 3, 2024

People eating beef are less likely to live near the industry’s pollution, Pitt researchers found

Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh mapped nitrogen losses county by county, finding high spatial disconnects between where beef is eaten and where nitrogen impacts are felt. This disconnect results in people living far from the area where their beef was produced experiencing negative environmental effects.

SourceUniversity of Pittsburgh·JournalEnvironmental Science & Technology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 3, 2024

GLP-1 receptor agonist use and risk of suicide death

A cohort study found no association between GLP-1 receptor agonist use and increased risk of suicide death or related disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study included mostly patients with type 2 diabetes.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Internal Medicine·DateSep 3, 2024

Auburn researchers show novel drug rescues memory loss in Alzheimer’s mouse model

Auburn University scientists have developed a potential breakthrough in Alzheimer's treatment, showing that troriluzole can reverse memory loss and cognitive decline in mice. The study demonstrates that targeting synaptic activity early may prevent or slow the progression of Alzheimer's.

SourceAuburn University Department of Physics·JournalJournal of Neurochemistry·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Double the DNA, double the oil: Unraveling the impact of genome duplication on oil crops

A recent study reveals that whole genome duplications significantly enhance oil content in oil crops, providing a promising strategy for increasing vegetable oil yields. The findings highlight the crucial role of WGDs in driving the evolution of oil biosynthetic genes and supporting the adaptation and productivity of oil crops.

SourceNanjing Agricultural University The Academy of Science·JournalHorticulture Research·DateSep 3, 2024

A unified objective for dynamics model and policy learning in model-based reinforcement learning

Researchers proposed a unified objective for dynamics model and policy learning in model-based reinforcement learning, achieving higher sample efficiency and better performance. The Model Gradient algorithm outperforms existing methods in multiple continuous control tasks, especially in sparse reward tasks.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalFrontiers of Computer Science·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024

HSE scientists propose using heart rate analysis to diagnose anxiety and depression

A study by HSE University scientists found that changes in heart rate can serve as an early biomarker for anxiety and depressive disorders. The research used PPG technology to analyze heart function during cognitive tasks, revealing more pronounced changes in individuals with higher levels of anxiety or depression.

SourceNational Research University Higher School of Economics·JournalFrontiers in Psychiatry·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024

Gigantic asteroid impact shifted the axis of Solar System's biggest moon

A Kobe University researcher found that the massive impact on Ganymede was around 20 times larger than the one that ended the dinosaurs, causing a 1,400km crater and reorienting its axis, according to a new study published in Scientific Reports. The asteroid's diameter was estimated at around 300 kilometers.

SourceKobe University·JournalScientific Reports·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 3, 2024

New tool detects fake, AI-produced scientific articles

A machine-learning algorithm called xFakeSci has been developed to detect AI-generated scientific articles, with a success rate of nearly 94%. The tool analyzes word patterns and bigrams to distinguish between real and fake papers, highlighting the need for comprehensive detection methods as AIs become increasingly sophisticated.

SourceBinghamton University·JournalScientific Reports·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 3, 2024
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

AI tool offers more accurate detection of immune-related adverse events in cancer patients

A Mass General Brigham-led study found that a large language model improves the accuracy of immune-related adverse event detection, identifying additional cases not picked up by manual adjudication. The model demonstrated excellent specificity and sensitivity, opening up opportunities for collaboration among institutions.

SourceMass General Brigham·JournalJournal of Clinical Oncology·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 3, 2024

How gene regulation changes over a lifetime

Researchers found that control of most genes doesn't deteriorate with age, but coordination between cellular processes becomes less effective. The study suggests a more complex approach to understanding aging is needed, analyzing all genes simultaneously and their protein interactions.

SourceUniversity of Cologne·JournalNature Aging·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 3, 2024

When is the right time to launch new technologies?

New research from Bayes Business School finds that launching new technologies requires strategic timing to succeed. The study identifies four timing situations that can confront marketing managers, offering a framework to develop a launch strategy leading to success.

SourceCity St George’s, University of London·JournalJournal of Marketing·DateSep 3, 2024
Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars

Nikon Monarch 5 8x42 Binoculars deliver bright, sharp views for wildlife surveys, eclipse chases, and quick star-field scans at dark sites.

Thousands of jellyfish clones are multiplying in B.C. lakes

The peach blossom jellyfish, an invasive species from China, has been spotted in 34 locations in B.C., with predictions suggesting sightings and locations will increase by the end of the decade. The jellyfish clones are effectively identical, having originated from the same polyp or cluster of polyps.

SourceUniversity of British Columbia·JournalCanadian Journal of Zoology·DateSep 3, 2024

The right to be wrong

A study of 500 participants from 11 countries reveals that suboptimal decisions are a universal human trait due to context influences. The researchers identified culture-specific risk preferences, with some nations exhibiting higher or lower risk-taking tendencies.

SourceNational Research University Higher School of Economics·JournalNature Human Behaviour·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024

New study uncovers key mechanisms responsible for the transformation of adult progenitors into brain tumors

A new study from the CUNY Graduate Center uncovers key mechanisms responsible for the transformation of adult progenitor cells into brain tumors. Researchers found that a specific combination of genetic mutations and growth factor overproduction drives this transformation, highlighting the importance of epigenetic changes in glioma dev...

SourceAdvanced Science Research Center, GC/CUNY·JournalNeoplasia·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Children’s behavioral problems are linked to higher hair cortisol levels

A study by Ane Arregi-Otxotorena found that major behavioural problems are related to higher levels of cortisol in the hair, and maternal stress influences children's cortisol levels. Additionally, higher exposure to environmental noise is associated with lower cortisol levels in boys.

SourceUniversity of the Basque Country·JournalHormones and Behavior·TypeObservational study·DateSep 3, 2024

Explaining the mechanism of social evolution driven by gift giving

A new study explores the mechanism of social evolution driven by gift giving, revealing four phases with different distribution shapes of wealth and social reputation. The emergence of strong disparities is attributed to the rich-get-richer process, while band societies have less economic inequality.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Complex Systems·DateSep 3, 2024

Sulfurous acid H2SO3 - and it does exist

Researchers at TROPOS in Leipzig have demonstrated the existence of sulfurous acid (H2SO3) under atmospheric conditions for the first time. The compound was formed through a reaction between OH radicals and dimethyl sulfide, and its stability was shown to be sufficient for half a minute under experimental conditions.

SourceLeibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS)·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024
Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro)

Apple MacBook Pro 14-inch (M4 Pro) powers local ML workloads, large datasets, and multi-display analysis for field and lab teams.

From cavities to sleep apnea: dentists can assume new role in saving lives

Rutgers researchers suggest dentists play a crucial role in identifying and addressing sleep disorders, citing signs such as tooth grinding, tongue scalloping, or patients dozing off. With up to 80% accuracy, dental clinicians can identify at-risk patients with comprehensive care and prevent serious health complications.

SourceRutgers University·JournalThe Journal of the American Dental Association·TypeLiterature review·DateSep 3, 2024

Assorted, distinctive behavior of molten uranium salt revealed by neutrons

Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have documented the chemistry dynamics and structure of high-temperature liquid uranium trichloride (UCl3) salt, a potential nuclear fuel source for next-generation reactors. The study used neutron scattering techniques to reveal details about the nature of materials, including the bonding d...

SourceDOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 3, 2024

One minute to save lives: Teaming up with pediatricians to secure firearms

A study found that pediatricians were more likely to deliver a secure gun storage program when receiving a 'nudge' or extra staff support, resulting in a significant increase from 2% to 49% of doctors. The findings suggest that even minimal resources can be effective in promoting this critical conversation.

SourceNorthwestern University·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateSep 3, 2024
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

How to solve the challenges faced by the carbon sequestration function of Chinese plantations in the future?

China's plantation area is under pressure due to reduced afforestation space and quality issues, but has a large carbon sequestration potential. Experts suggest promoting land greening, improving forest management, optimizing plantation structure, and strengthening supervision to address these challenges.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalFrontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024

Turning glycerol into gold: a new process makes biodiesel more profitable

Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a highly selective and efficient glycerol electrooxidation process that converts waste into high-value three-carbon compounds. Higher borate concentrations improved selectivity for these products, reducing the need for additional processing.

SourceTokyo Institute of Technology·JournalJournal of Catalysis·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 3, 2024

Rising temperatures in Africa may increase perinatal deaths

A study published in Nature Medicine reveals a correlation between high temperatures in the final week of pregnancy and an increased risk of stillbirth and early neonatal mortality. High temperatures were associated with a 34% higher risk of perinatal death, which doubled during the six hottest months of the year.

SourceKarolinska Institutet·JournalNature Medicine·TypeObservational study·DateSep 3, 2024
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.