This review introduces a groundbreaking 'support-metal-microenvironment' framework to understand Pd nanocatalysts. The authors outline a three-tier anti-poisoning strategy to improve catalyst durability, and highlight the need for advanced characterization tools and theoretical modeling.
The European Region is struggling to detect and treat tuberculosis, with 1 in 5 cases going undiagnosed or unreported. Drug-resistant strains are also a major concern, with the region accounting for a disproportionate share of global cases.
A new study has identified a PRRX2+ epithelial cell/SPP1+ macrophage axis that promotes gemcitabine resistance via TGF-β signaling in pancreatic cancer. The study suggests that targeting this cellular communication network may be key to overcoming drug resistance.
Research highlights biodegradable polymers' energy efficiency in recycling, challenging the assumption of composting as the only end-of-life solution. Chemical recycling offers better environmental and economic outcomes, transforming waste into a profitable resource.
Researchers developed a nano-biostimulant (SeG) combining selenium nanoparticles and glutathione to alleviate salt stress effects on soybean growth. SeG triggers metabolic reprogramming via the JA pathway, promoting arbutin secretion and rhizosphere microbiota growth, leading to improved salt tolerance in soybean.
Children with metabolically healthy obesity at treatment initiation have an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Reduction in BMI z score is associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk, suggesting treatment should be recommended for these children as well.
A multicenter randomized clinical trial found no significant differences in cognitive improvement between exercise, intensive pharmacological reduction of cardiovascular risk factors, or both in older adults. The study results challenge current recommendations on lifestyle modifications for dementia prevention.
Researchers have developed a sub-1-volt, reconfigurable Gires–Tournois resonator for full-colour monopixel reflective displays. The platform exhibits robust performance in achieving vivid colour modulation at sub-1-volt operation and enables uniform colour tuning within a single pixel.
Researchers evaluated alignment between large language model responses and human therapist responses in motivational interviewing. The study found that LLMs can generate responses consistent with motivational interviewing principles, but with limitations in coherence and stylistic alignment.
Despite good rainfall improving soils and vegetation, marine ecosystems and wildlife continue to bear the cost of a warming climate. The report found 2,175 species listed as threatened under federal law, with heat stress exceeding thresholds at 79% of reef locations.
A study of expectant parents in three countries found that long working hours and traditional motherhood cultures hinder gender-equal parenting. Expectant couples identified the need for positive, culturally appropriate coparenting programs to build team spirit and support each other.
A team of researchers has developed a novel 3D atlas technology, enabling comprehensive understanding of cell distribution across entire organs or the whole organism. This innovation combines with existing gene expression data to advance disease understanding and create new indicators.
A statewide cohort study found childhood mortality is significantly higher among children bereaved by parental drug overdose, homicide, and suicide. Parental homicide was associated with the highest risk of mortality in children, highlighting the need for research into potential explanations such as family restructuring and mental health.
Researchers found a shift in key cosmic measurement may be due to statistical artefact. Combining CMB and BAO data showed a mild tension that weakens evidence against standard inflationary models.
A new study found that childhood deaths are significantly higher among children who lose a parent to drug overdose, homicide, or suicide compared to the general child population. The research highlights the need for early preventive interventions and bereavement services to improve children's health following parental death.
A study by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the eMERGE network found that sharing genetic disease risk information with patients can be done responsibly, with a 70% success rate. The team shared results with over 24,000 people using various methods, including one-to-one conversations for those with higher-risk findings.
Researchers from NUS developed a boron-catalysed method to transform oxetanes into larger, medicinally relevant 1,3-oxazinanes with selective insertion of two building blocks, carbon and nitrogen units. This approach harnesses frustrated Lewis pair activation to upgrade cheap starting materials into bioactive compounds.
The study identified six sleep health dimensions in young adolescents: irregularity, timing, duration, social jetlag, weekend oversleep, and continuity. Greater irregularity was associated with higher concurrent transdiagnostic mental health symptoms, while shorter duration was linked to increased symptoms at follow-up.
A systematic scoping review found that social media influencer promotion of prescription drugs carries risks of inaccurate or misleading advice. The study emphasizes the need for updated guidelines and digital literacy initiatives to safeguard public health.
Researchers discovered VISTA as a critical immune checkpoint that balances immune activation and inflammation resolution during kidney injury. Administering exogenous VISTA protein shows potent protection against acute kidney injury and its progression to chronic disease.
Multiple sclerosis prevalence more than doubled in England's healthcare system over 30 years, while survival rates increased. Lifestyle factors, including tobacco use and socioeconomic deprivation, were significantly associated with mortality.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) has seen a significant increase in prevalence, with standardised prevalence doubling from 107 per 100,000 people in 2000 to 232 per 100,000 in 2020. The study also found that survival rates improved due to advances in treatments and care, but inequalities persist, particularly in deprived areas.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open reveals that fathers' mental health declines over time after the birth of their child, with increased risk of anxiety and substance abuse diagnoses returning to pre-pregnancy levels. However, depression and stress-related disorders continue to rise by over 30% one year after childbirth.
A new study reveals that invasive pollinators in Chile are fundamentally reshaping native plant-pollinator networks, leading to a 'silent takeover'. The research found that non-native bees like the buff-tailed bumblebee account for more than 70% of recorded interactions, displacing native species and altering ecosystems.
The study compares remaining life expectancy at age 75 for women and men in Sweden and Japan, finding that older Japanese individuals generally have lower mortality than Swedes. However, this difference is primarily observed among those receiving some form of elder care, with Japanese women expected to spend more years in elder care.
A team from Ohio State University has digitally reconstructed three historically Black communities that were fragmented or demolished for freeway construction. The project, known as Ghost Neighborhoods of Columbus, aims to show how urban renewal decisions of the past have a positive impact on future development.
The article analyzes the legal and ethical complexities of explaining AI decisions to patients, highlighting significant hurdles such as interpretability trade-off, automation bias, and literacy barrier. It calls for co-design partnerships, institutional support, and standards for comprehension to bridge this gap.
Researchers developed a machine learning-based approach to accelerate therapeutic discovery for ulcerative colitis. The model identified 22 promising antimicrobial peptides, one of which, LR, showed strong antibacterial activity and low cytotoxicity.
The Shorebird Science and Conservation Collective uses big data to inform conservation efforts by analyzing tracking data from over 3,400 individual birds. The collective brings together data from various organizations to provide actionable information for land managers and decision-makers.
Researchers developed two neural network models predicting human biological age based on blood biochemistry and gut microbiota. The models demonstrated high predictive accuracy and explainability, holding potential for monitoring intervention effects in clinical trials.
A systematic review found consistent evidence that snus causes gum recession, particularly with loose snus. White snus has virtually no studies on its long-term oral health effects, creating a significant knowledge gap.
Researchers use machine learning to characterize recovery processes, predict outcomes, and optimize strategies for restoring critical infrastructure systems. The review highlights the potential of reinforcement learning to identify effective repair sequences.
A new study demonstrates the use of field-portable assays to study caves in near real-time, revealing complex microbial ecosystems and potential health threats. The research found that geography, material, and depth significantly impact microbial populations, with applications for public health and military decision-making.
Research analyzed pre-hire data and disciplinary records of 6,075 officers, finding that certain warning signs predict later misconduct. The study highlights the need for national police hiring standards to improve screening of candidates.
A Korea University study reveals that liver metabolic disease is a key risk factor for heart failure in older adults with atrial fibrillation, with MASLD having the lowest risk and ALD carrying the highest risk. The study highlights the importance of liver health in cardiovascular disease management.
Using data from the TYPHOON survey, scientists examined the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 1365 and achieved resolution sharp enough to separate individual star-forming clouds. The study reveals that the galaxy grew and merged with other galaxies over 12 billion years of cosmic time.
Scientists create precise folding of dye molecules into 'foldamers', leading to increased fluorescence quantum yield and reduced quenching. Stacks of up to 14 units exhibit significant luminescence increase.
A team of researchers has created a clear nail polish that can turn long fingernails into touchscreen-compatible styluses. The polish works through acid-base chemistry, causing the protons to jump between molecules and change the capacitance slightly enough for smartphones to recognize it as a touch.
Researchers tested shirts from four retailers and found all samples exceeded lead limits, posing a risk to young children. Lead exposure can cause behavioral problems, brain damage, and other health issues.
A new study reveals US and UK volunteer fighters in Ukraine experience high levels of mental and physical health difficulties, including PTSD, moral injury, and poor quality of life. Many struggle to access healthcare after deployment, instead relying on fellow volunteers for support.
Researchers found that plants cannot extract water from dry soil due to increased capillary and viscous forces. The plant's own properties are not limited, but rather the soil's ability to release water.
Researchers at the University of St Andrews have confirmed that sperm whales engage in headbutting behavior, using their heads to push and strike objects, including ships. The study, published in Marine Mammal Science, shows that sub-adult whales are involved in this activity, challenging previous hypotheses about its function.
A large-scale study of over 421,000 individuals found no link between psychosocial factors and cancer incidence. However, some psychosocial factors were associated with a higher risk of lung cancer, which decreased after adjusting for known risk factors.
Researchers at Earlham Institute isolated and sequenced genomes from seven uncultured Bodo spp. single cells, revealing three potentially novel species with unique genetic diversity. The study advances the field of single-cell sequencing in protists, shedding light on hidden biodiversity and symbiotic relationships.
Researchers propose a strategy that encourages individuals to adopt a neutral stance, allowing groups to become more responsive, decisions to become easier to reach, and shifts in consensus to happen smoothly. By doing so, neutrality creates valuable breathing space for reassessment, making it easier for a group to change its mind when...
A research team from East China Normal University highlights photocatalysis as a promising strategy to convert plastic waste into useful small molecules, fuels, and functional materials. The approach allows plastics to be transformed under relatively mild conditions, with various mechanistic frameworks offering different advantages.
Bidkar aims to develop a novel CD46-targeted radiotheranostic platform to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. His proposal focuses on overcoming tumor heterogeneity and improving treatment outcomes.
Scientists at University of Sharjah develop machine learning model to predict driving behavior, identifying risk factors such as gaze distraction, sensation seeking, and conscientiousness. The model can help taxi companies identify safer drivers, reduce accidents and costs.
A genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 knockout screen identified two critical host factors, SLC35A1 and LSM12, essential for BPIV3 replication. Knockout of these genes significantly inhibits viral infection, revealing novel antiviral strategies to combat Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex.
The Curtin Frontier Institute for Geoscience Solutions (CFIGS) aims to transform WA's economic future in critical minerals through sustainable exploration. The institute offers tailored services, practical insights, and advanced analytical expertise to support efficient and sustainable resource development.
Research reveals DHEA's role in regulating sperm motility through the Gs–cAMP–PKA signaling pathway. It also modulates reproductive tract ion homeostasis by enhancing ADGRG2–CFTR functional coupling.
The new polyetherimide (PEI) core encapsulated by a polyamide-imide (PAI) shell separator overcomes conventional limitations in thermal safety, dendrite suppression, and cycling stability. The PAI@PEI separator achieves record-high shutdown temperature and superior Li+ transference.
Researchers have developed programmable nanofluidic neuromorphic devices with adjustable electrical performance, achieved through tuning ionic concentration and species. The devices exhibit hysteresis behaviors due to distinct physical origins, enabling multifunctional responses.
Researchers have created the first authoritative atlas for human E3 ligases, resolving inconsistencies in the field and paving the way for enhanced therapies for diseases such as cancer, immune disorders, and neurological conditions. The atlas provides a gold-standard reference for studying these enzymes in unprecedented detail.
Iron oxyhydroxide nanorods trigger cytotoxic hydroxyl and superoxide radicals in cancer cells through sono-tribocatalytic therapy. The treatment disrupts mitochondrial function and redox homeostasis, leading to PANoptosis in cancer cells.
Scientists create a pair of copper-based metal clusters that can be controlled to convert light into electricity. The clusters exhibit enhanced light-induced conversion efficiency due to adjustable core composition. This breakthrough enables the development of cluster-based solid-state nanomaterials with customizable photoresponse prop...
Kiran Solingapuram Sai's research aims to detect microtubule dysfunction early in Alzheimer's disease using a first-in-class PET radiotracer. The study will establish a reproducible imaging framework for this target.
Researchers discovered a new organic molecule that can boost the efficiency of non-doped blue OLEDs. By manipulating the exciton mechanism, they created a record-breaking device with an external quantum efficiency of 20.3%, outperforming existing emitters.
The study found that complex terrain, particularly orographic gravity wave drag, significantly affects the location and intensity of extreme precipitation. Without this effect, the low-level mesoscale vortex moves westward, leading to decreased rainfall intensity and a northwestward shift of the rainfall center.
A research team found that sweet osmanthus flowers use their intense fragrance to repel honeybees and other pollen feeders, while attracting tiny pollinators like thrips. This 'push–pull' strategy helps the plant filter out unwanted visitors and maintain reproductive success.