A study published in Science reveals that vertebrates build their sensing brains using the same underlying logic, suggesting a set of organizational rules. Researchers observed that fish and humans share a similar arrangement of brain structures, despite their distinct evolutionary paths.
Researchers created a hafnium-based scintillator that significantly improves light output, reduces optical crosstalk, and delivers ultrahigh resolution in X-ray imaging. The material's low defect density and optimized structure enable high sensitivity and excellent radiation stability.
A study published in Journal of Experimental Biology found that strong sunburn causes 47% more DNA damage and lethal consequences in tadpoles. The research suggests that short intense UVB doses can be more lethal than longer weaker doses, increasing the risk of mortality on sunny days.
Researchers at ETH Zurich have created a technique to create precise 3D maps of electric and magnetic fields close to the surface of chips. This allows for better optimization and testing of chip materials for quantum applications.
A new research paper by Zulie PAN et al. analyzes existing studies on large language models (LLMs) for software defect detection, categorizing dynamic and static methods. The study proposes potential directions for future LLM-based defect detection, aiming to elevate industry standards and safeguard user experiences.
Researchers evaluate the effectiveness of tailored sleep interventions using wearable devices and telehealth coaching for older cancer survivors. The study aims to provide a more effective way to help cancer survivors improve their sleep with modifiable habits.
The University of Pittsburgh's DPT-PhD Bioengineering Program has been awarded a five-year NIH T32 training grant. The program, co-directed by Rakié Cham and Patrick Sparto, supports students in integrating physical therapy education with bioengineering research training.
A cross-sectional study of Medicare beneficiaries age 65 and older found friend caregivers to be an integral part of the caregiving network. They provide essential care without expecting compensation or reimbursement.
The article proposes a new framework to understand how digital media affects cognition, arguing that repeated exposure to effortless rewards can recalibrate our sense of effort. This shift may make difficult tasks feel less attractive, as the brain learns to expect faster returns.
A blood test may help identify which patients with colorectal cancer that has spread to the liver are most likely to benefit from chemotherapy after surgery. Patients with detectable circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) who received adjuvant chemotherapy had markedly better outcomes, including a 93% reduction in recurrence.
A team of researchers proposes a groundbreaking micro-phase-pinhole model for imaging through scattering media, revealing that random pinhole combinations spontaneously generate high-fidelity images. A novel feature fusion algorithm enhances imaging quality by accurately locking onto high-capacity phase pinhole channels.
A study by IBEC researchers found that dynamic protein usage, measured by endocytic turnover rate (ETOR), plays a critical role in blood–brain barrier function and is disrupted under inflammatory conditions. This discovery may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for restoring neurovascular health.
A recent study published in Clinical Nutrition found that intermittent fasting with an 8-hour window can help maintain weight loss over 12 months. The study showed that both early- and late-fasting regimens were effective in maintaining significant weight loss, with the early-fasting group losing more fat mass.
Researchers found that more ambiguous material situations require active exploration of objects using head movements and hand manipulations. Individual differences in these behaviors were linked to improved material discrimination accuracy.
Researchers developed an optimized energy management strategy for hybrid residential microgrids using Particle Swarm Optimization, reducing Net Present Cost by 12.01%, cost of energy by 16.09% and CO2 emissions by 17.65%. The study also found that battery storage had a strong impact on diesel fuel consumption and CO2 emissions
Researchers found that severe periodontitis was associated with reduced kidney function and increased albuminuria, even at early stages of chronic kidney disease. Systemic inflammation partially explained this relationship, but additional biological mechanisms are also likely involved.
A new study reveals that giant Dipterocarp trees can transport water to their topmost branches without difficulty, contrary to conventional scientific theory. The research found that these trees' hydraulic systems are perfectly adapted for their height, allowing them to withstand drought conditions.
Robert Wagner, associate laboratory director at ORNL, was recognized for his leadership in bridging disciplines to advance technologies in manufacturing, energy, and transportation. His work translates scientific research into practical solutions strengthening US competitiveness and security.
The University of Bath's Centre for Climate Adaptation & Environment Research has joined the STRIVE mission, a NASA Earth System Explorer project aiming to improve weather forecasting and climate modeling. The team will focus on understanding atmospheric waves and their impact on energy transport.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that prolonged sedentary behavior is associated with a higher risk of cancer mortality and incidence. Replacing one hour of prolonged sedentary behavior with light physical activity can lower the risk of cancer death by 12%.
A new peer-reviewed article explores how awe and sense of place may influence learners' engagement with geographic concepts, with implications for instructional design in online and classroom environments. The study suggests that place-based and visually grounded learning experiences can help students connect abstract concepts to real-...
Researchers identified a new pathway linking lung tumor genetics, diet, and the nervous system that drives cancer-associated cachexia. A high-fat diet exacerbated the condition by reducing appetite and physical activity, while blocking prostaglandin E2 synthesis restored appetite and improved survival.
A team of researchers has developed a systematic framework for Raman thermometry, allowing for cross-scale temperature measurement from micrometer-scale chips to single molecules. This capability enables the study of heat in diverse systems, including power electronics and molecular-scale circuits.
A new study finds that cities with slower urban development tend to maintain plant communities and their climate benefits, while faster-developing cities experience declining productivity. The researchers hope their findings will inform urban development strategies to maximize plant growth.
Researchers have designed a new self-healing polymer electrolyte that rapidly heals surface damage within 30 minutes at 60 °C, while maintaining high ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability. The electrolyte achieves excellent performance in Li||LiFePO4 cells, showing improved rate capability and long-term cycling stability.
A groundbreaking new study introduces the concept of Time-Extension Self-Efficacy (TESE), which predicts an employee's willingness to go the extra mile at work. The research found that organizations can influence these beliefs through simple recall exercises, boosting TESE and encouraging greater collaboration and flexibility.
A Korea University study reveals that reusable beverage systems can deliver significant environmental benefits when paired with efficient washing technologies. The research finds that automatic tumbler washers can maximize sustainability, while manually washed tumblers have the highest impacts among reusable options.
A new study from Chalmers University of Technology reveals that nearly half of fatal electric scooter crashes in Sweden are caused by drunk riding. The majority of these crashes occur on private scooters and at night or evening hours, with many victims not wearing helmets.
Laser light controls molecular structures by triggering IR-induced isomerization, allowing for precise control over chemical reactions. The technique enables the measurement of molecular fingerprints and provides insight into fundamental dynamics governing chemistry.
Researchers developed algorithms to enhance data center network reliability by constructing fault-tolerant paths and maximum disjoint paths in augmented cube-based architectures. The breakthroughs address node failures and improve data transmission efficiency, leading to more stable cloud services and faster data processing.
A new book by University of Illinois professor Colin Rhinesmith explores how community coalitions address digital inequality and social injustice. The book, titled Digital Equity Ecosystems, presents five case studies of cross-sector coalitions working to promote digital inclusion and combat technological inequity.
A study by Okayama University reveals that garnet governs the formation of Earth's 660-km seismic boundary, shaping the mineral transitions that control heat and material circulation. This finding provides a unified explanation for complex seismic observations and supports a homogeneous, pyrolite-like mantle composition.
Research reveals that worker ants transitioning between tasks are more likely to care for injured companions due to prior social interactions. This spatial and social affinity drives wound care in ant colonies, resulting in improved survival rates.
A scoping review of male perpetrator programs for domestic and family violence in the Indo-Pacific reveals gaps in community-based approaches and evidence. The study highlights the need to engage men who use violence in their communities, with only 14 countries producing peer-reviewed literature on the topic.
A study of 17,000 EU citizens found that most view economic growth as compatible with sustainability, with values like equality and collective welfare driving support. Citizens in wealthier societies tend to be less supportive, suggesting they feel more secure when basic needs are met.
Researchers from Delft University of Technology developed a new way to predict drone instability using critical slowing down, a phenomenon from ecology and climate science. This approach can help detect system failures in real-time, allowing for adaptive strategies to maintain flight despite damage.
A slot-array metamaterial sensor was integrated into a THz focal-plane imaging system to achieve high-contrast imaging while reducing experimental time. The proposed approach demonstrated significant improvements in image contrast, tissue differentiation, and acquisition efficiency, paving the way for efficient biological diagnostics.
A UC3M study finds that crime rates are not linked to immigration status, but rather to demographic factors such as age and gender. The research also highlights the need to standardize crime rates to make valid comparisons and concludes that regularization policies can be effective security tools.
The BfR2GO magazine now offers up-to-date information on consumer health protection and laboratory animal protection. Readers can subscribe to the digital or printed edition for free of charge.
The Journal of Regeneration aims to explore regeneration across diverse disciplines and kingdoms of life, covering research from molecular genetics to clinical translation. The journal seeks to examine recurring principles shared between animals and plants, including cellular plasticity and epigenetic remodelling.
A cohort study found that mid-urbanicity neighborhoods had the highest dementia mortality rates, while dense urban cores and rural areas showed lower risks. The study suggests targeted improvements in neighborhood conditions could reduce dementia mortality and promote equity.
A new study mapped nearly 10,000 environmental exposures to human genes, revealing clusters of chemicals that disrupt common biological functions. The researchers found that exposures targeting central proteins tend to be more damaging, and that the 'distance' between an exposure and a disease can predict health outcomes.
Researchers have developed custom-designed proteins called WRAPs that can surround membrane proteins, shielding their hydrophobic surfaces and allowing them to remain soluble in water. This breakthrough enables the study of previously inaccessible membrane proteins, such as those found in syphilis bacteria.
Researchers found that psychological stress speeds up aging-like changes in hematopoietic stem cells by altering the intestinal microbiota and reducing spermidine levels. Chronic stress impacts the balance of gut microbes, leading to immune dysfunction and bone marrow defects.
A new study suggests that slow uplift of the continent played a critical role in forming Antarctica's vast East Antarctic Ice Sheet. The research, published in Science, proposes that geological and climatic events that began over 120 million years ago led to rapid ice-sheet expansion.
A survey on quality control in open-ended crowdsourcing introduces a framework and two-tier classification system to address contextual dependencies and dynamic optimization. The study also explores future research directions, including leveraging Large Language Models for enhanced answer generation and evaluation.
Researchers at the University of Calgary have developed a novel CAR T-cell therapy called GCAR1, showing strong preclinical and early clinical promise in treating sarcoma and other cancers. The therapy has been tested on two Canadian patients, with one patient experiencing significant prolongation of life expectancy by 18 months.
A recent study found that Indian school-age children are facing two forms of malnutrition simultaneously: persistent thinness and rising obesity. The prevalence of overweight and obesity nearly tripled between ages seven and nine, underscoring the country's growing double burden of malnutrition.
A new theoretical framework, Relativity of Spacetime Superpositions, shows that some scenarios describing quantum gravity are equivalent to classical physics with no quantum gravity signatures. The framework helps identify which experimental signatures require a quantum description of gravity.
Researchers at Newcastle University have demonstrated that attaching discarded plastic bottles to fishing nets can reduce dolphin bycatch by 88%, while fish catch remains the same. The study found that plastic bottles act as sound reflectors, helping dolphins detect and avoid the nets.
Researchers discovered over 47,000 endogenous viral elements in plant genomes, revealing the wide range of hosts infected by Caulimoviridae viruses. The study also found 35 previously undescribed taxonomic clusters, including a new clade in conifers.
A new Mayo Clinic study shows that integrating telomere length evaluation and genetic testing into pulmonary care can significantly change how physicians diagnose and treat pulmonary fibrosis. Nearly 1 in 5 patients had a disease-causing genetic variant, leading to changes in clinical care for more than half of patients.
A national quality registry, RaraSwed, is being implemented across the Swedish healthcare system to collect patient data and records on rare diseases. This will contribute to the development of national clinical guidelines and improve care coordination for individuals with rare diseases.
Researchers classified breast cancer patients into three distinct subtypes based on the cancer-immunity cycle (CIC), predicting patient response to immunotherapy. The CIC score measures six key steps in the anti-tumor immune response, identifying new therapeutic targets and potential combination strategies.
New research from Washington State University found that team initiative has no direct relationship with team performance, but is essential when paired with strong coordination. Teams performed best when members' initiative was accompanied by successful passes between players.
The US research enterprise has been shaped by government, universities, and industry partnerships since WWII, fueling technological progress and economic growth. Key to its success were investments in education and basic research, as outlined by Johns Hopkins President Ronald Daniels.
Researchers found that ONIKURU's opening increased stay density near the facility and adjacent commercial areas, but decreased it around JR Ibaraki Station. The study used GPS trajectory data to measure the impact of walkable urban design initiatives on residents' behavior.
Scientists have made a breakthrough in understanding the diets of southern right whales, discovering they eat a wider variety of seafood than previously thought. Analysis of whale poo from around the world has revealed a diverse diet including crabs, shrimp, and jellyfish, which may help them adapt to climate change.
The symposium aims to showcase cutting-edge academic achievements and innovative applications from the global energy community. It will tackle key energy challenges through in-depth academic dialogue.
A team from the University of Osaka has created a high-throughput platform to engineer versatile biosensors that can track lipid molecules in living cells. This method, called Cell surface Liposome Binding (CLiB) assay, uses yeast cells and fluorescence readouts to test protein variants' binding to lipids.