A study has identified a set of plasma proteins that can be used to diagnose and monitor patients with Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD). The researchers created a molecular disease trajectory, which identifies key sets of genes involved in the disease progression.
A new review article proposes a gene-to-landscape framework to assess aquatic ecosystem health, predicting collapse and tipping points. The framework spans four interconnected scales, integrating molecular signals and landscape stability for early warning systems.
A recent breakthrough allows independently trained AI models to trade capabilities and boost overall performance when merged into a single system. By modifying just one core layer, the 'SyMerge' framework enables mutually beneficial synergy between models, solving the long-standing problem of task interference.
Scientists developed a 2D thermo-optic modulation platform using QD film based micro-ring resonators, achieving a 19.77-fold increase in tuning sensitivity and a 50-fold improvement in modulation speed compared to conventional devices. The hybrid system enables real-time high-speed reconfiguration with enhanced performance and reduced ...
Flexible electromagnetic induction-type tactile sensors offer a promising route for low-power, robust and self-powered interfaces. The researchers provided a systematic roadmap for development, including application-oriented design and multimodal integration with other sensing mechanisms.
A new mixed-frequency heterodyne demodulation (MHD) architecture has been developed to address limitations of existing multi-gas LITES systems. The novel architecture enables simultaneous detection of two gas species, achieving low-crosstalk detection and excellent linearity.
A new study reveals that tiny gaps in ultra-thin devices can strongly influence unwanted electrical leakage. Researchers found that conventional expectations about insulating materials can change at the atomic scale, requiring engineers to consider the full device structure.
A Hong Kong-based research team found that home-based exercise videos increase children's moderate-to-vigorous physical activity by 6-7 minutes. Parent support strategies grounded in Self-Determination Theory also help sustain motivation and meet psychological needs, leading to improved overall physical activity levels.
A new study tracks the spatiotemporal evolution of photogenerated holes in a facet-engineered bismuth vanadate photocatalyst. The research reveals three sequential steps: ultrafast charge separation, defect-state trapping, and rapid interfacial hole transfer mediated by oxygen-related defects.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that retain their protective coating in normal tissue but shed it upon reaching tumor tissue, releasing anticancer drugs. This technology reduces systemic side effects and enhances treatment efficacy.
A simple outdoor flood alarm is being developed by a UT Hydrology professor to detect life-threatening floods as water rises on individual properties. The low-tech alarm triggers a loud warning and light when water reaches a preset height, making it reliable during emergencies.
A new study of penguins and krill found that repeated predator disturbance can alter prey behavior, leading to functional prey depletion. Penguins had to dive deeper and travel farther to encounter prey, but feeding rates remained unchanged once prey were encountered.
A study found that some toad populations recover from a deadly fungus due to the early maturation of antimicrobial peptides in their tadpole stage. This immunity allows them to survive as adults, suggesting that environmental factors such as temperature may play a role in disease progression.
A new study by University of Notre Dame economist Santosh Kumar Gautam found that India's universal immunization programme significantly reduced infant and under-five mortality rates. However, the programme had mixed effects on educational attainment, with some regions seeing increased primary school completion while others experienced...
The strategic alliance combines Insilico's Pharma.AI platform with Bora's global capabilities to explore a next-generation drug innovation model. The partnership aims to accelerate Bora's transition towards AI-driven drug discovery and development, leveraging Insilico's comprehensive research and development strategies.
Researchers developed a high-resolution monitoring approach combining drone-based multispectral imaging with ensemble machine learning models. The method revealed how surrounding industrial, agricultural, residential, and green areas influence water quality in urban rivers.
A new study reveals that macrophages, a key immune cell type, age differently across tissues and between sexes. The researchers found that aging macrophages become more focused on responding to stress and cellular damage, but lose some molecular programs involved in maintaining healthy tissue structure.
Researchers created a platform to study chronic pancreatitis pathogenesis and identify potential treatments by generating patient-derived organoids. The organoids revealed consistent dysfunction in the CFTR protein, which may be a future effective therapeutic target.
A gene therapy approach has restored several disease-relevant traits in a mouse model of fragile X syndrome, including reduced seizure susceptibility and improved brain activity markers. The study's findings suggest that restoring the FMRP protein could improve symptoms such as sensory hypersensitivity and repetitive behavior.
Patients who suffered a serious heart attack had higher levels of micro and nanoplastics in their blood compared to those with chronic ischemic heart disease and normal coronary arteries. The study also revealed that people exposed to higher levels of air pollution and smokers had higher levels of microplastics in their blood.
Higher cultural engagement is associated with lower physiological ageing and improved health markers. Adults who participate in frequent cultural activities have a younger physiological age, suggesting that cultural engagement can help support healthy ageing.
Researchers developed Buffer-and-Reinforce framework to preserve AI safety during personalized fine-tuning, maintaining high safety even in extreme settings. The framework achieved strong customized performance and state-of-the-art safety without additional safety data or increased computational cost.
Astronomers at Durham University have discovered the most distant example of a compact, star-forming structure at the heart of a galaxy, dating back over nine billion years. This finding reveals clear evidence of a nuclear disc forming at an early stage in cosmic history.
A study found that children born during the first COVID-19 lockdown in England had lower executive function skills, including difficulty focusing and regulating emotions. Overall language scores were at or above expected levels, but expressive language skills were below average.
A study on the lemon frost gecko, a pet reptile prone to aggressive tumours, has identified genomic changes associated with cancer. The findings may provide insights into why some animals are more susceptible to cancer than others.
The NSF Engines award will support QuantumCT's technology translation, workforce development, and incubator operations. The funds will also facilitate industry and community engagement to deliver broad societal benefits, including economic opportunities and innovative technology.
A new compound called ampyrone safely increases melanin production in human skin, offering a potential treatment for hypopigmentation disorders. The discovery could improve visual function and enhance patient quality of life for those with severe genetic forms of albinism.
The Resilient Energy Technology and Infrastructure Consortium will develop innovative ways to meet the nation's growing energy needs, generating 21,000 jobs and $1 billion in economic growth. The consortium will focus on advanced manufacturing, AI, cybersecurity, and energy technology.
Researchers from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln have identified a specific gut bacterium, Bacteroides uniformis, and its metabolites that can positively impact the body's immune response to cancer. The study found that these metabolites can suppress tumor growth and boost anti-tumor immunity in mice.
A study published by University of Cincinnati associate professor Nelly Elsayed highlights the importance of human review in AI-driven physicians' documentation to ensure transparency, privacy, and reliability. The research also emphasizes the need for clinicians to be trained on software before adoption to curb errors.
A recent study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons found that older adults who undergo high-risk emergency general surgery spend significantly fewer days living independently at home after surgery. The researchers analyzed outcomes for nearly 30,000 individuals aged 66 and older using a patient-centered measure...
A new study published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface reveals that grazing animals like cattle and sheep can create elaborate terracettes, staircase-like ridges on hillsides. The research challenges a long-held assumption that wandering livestock cannot restructure landscapes on a large scale.
Researchers created a comprehensive single-cell map of the tumor immune microenvironment in multiple myeloma and its precursor conditions. The study identified five distinct subtypes, or 'ecotypes,' that capture meaningful insights into signaling pathways and genetic programs not fully explained by disease stage alone.
Scientists create a map of regolith thickness across the Moon using data from over 300 impact craters and lunar missions, estimating six meters in highlands and four meters in maria. This research provides valuable insights for future lunar exploration, including considerations for mission planning and resource utilization.
Researchers uncover how a family of tick-borne viruses, known as orthonairoviruses, evade the immune system by manipulating cellular communication pathways. This study highlights a significant pandemic risk posed by these viruses and emphasizes the need for continued surveillance and preparedness.
Eight Fred Hutch researchers will receive funding for projects guiding pancreatic cancer treatment decisions, improving CAR-T effectiveness, and stopping acute myeloid leukemia development. The Evergreen Fund, an internal grant program, aims to accelerate translational discoveries to commercial viability.
Karen Bernstein, co-founder of BioCentury Inc., has been elected as the new chair of Critical Path Institute's (C-Path) Board of Directors. She succeeds M. Wainwright Fishburn, Jr. Bernstein brings her expertise in drug development and analysis to the role, having worked in the biopharmaceutical sector since 1987.
A new study suggests that hair can significantly influence the effectiveness of personal decontamination procedures in biocontainment facilities. Researchers found that a minimum standardized shower time may be necessary for effective removal of non-enveloped viruses, and that hair products with low or no detergent activity showed litt...
The University of Cincinnati launches the Center for Alzheimer's and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research (CANDR) to improve dementia prevention and treatment outcomes. CANDR aligns with UC's mission to innovate and engage locally while addressing one of the region's most pressing public health challenges.
The University of Tennessee has won up to $160 million for the BRIDGES Engine, a collaborative initiative driving rural economic development in Tennessee and Alabama. The project aims to generate millions of dollars in additional annual income for farmers and create thousands of jobs across the state.
A new review calls on Mexico to add liver health to its existing chronic disease programs, citing the country's high liver disease prevalence. Liver disease affects nearly half of Mexican adults and is linked to diabetes and obesity.
A new review suggests that China's carbon reduction commitments can influence the environmental performance of the global palm oil industry by promoting sustainable production, traceability, and climate-responsible technologies. This could help reduce palm oil's climate footprint while protecting livelihoods.
Thirty-six Bentham Science journals have recorded significant increases in Impact Factor, highlighting their prominence in clinically urgent and scientifically dynamic disciplines. This reflects the global research community's recognition of these journals as publishers of consequential science.
Researchers have developed pressurized sand dampers that can withstand extreme temperatures and provide a cost-effective solution for structures. These dampers can be replaced or repaired quickly, reducing economic losses from vibrations in high-rise buildings.
A new study reveals that a small group of highly connected microorganisms helps maintain essential ecosystem functions, such as carbon and nitrogen cycling, despite major shifts in the wider microbial community. The research found functional redundancy, where different microorganisms can perform similar ecological roles.
Researchers outline a future vision for VR research that prioritizes open science practices and technological accessibility. The Openverse protocol addresses interoperability, procedural standardization, and data sharing to improve VR study quality and address the reproducibility crisis.
A new study has developed an inexpensive and rapid method for measuring placental volume using two-dimensional ultrasound equipment. The Estimated Placental Volume (EPV) method shows near-perfect correlation with the current gold standard, making it a promising alternative for identifying pregnancies at risk of stillbirth.
A consortium of nearly 100 partners in Oregon will receive up to $160 million from the NSF to grow the state's semiconductor ecosystem. The initiative aims to accelerate innovation, advance energy grid security, and boost regional economies.
Researchers created new metal alloys using AI-driven materials design, retaining strength under extreme conditions. The alloys, made of nickel, cobalt, and chromium, outperformed industry standards in properties such as puncture resistance and oxidation resistance.
Researchers at MIT have developed a microscopic pixel-based tunable lens that controls incoming infrared light for more precise thermal imaging, chemical sensing, or pollution monitoring. The system enables compact, dynamic infrared cameras with potential applications in environmental protection, space research, and military technology.
A team of researchers has developed a new chemical approach that converts a mixture of the three most common plastics directly into high-purity hydrogen fuel at temperatures far below conventional gasification. The process locks carbon dioxide away as a solid mineral without releasing the greenhouse gas into the atmosphere.
A new study found that racially minoritized graduate students believe state anti-DEI laws alter their experiences in racial/ethnic organizations. Many faced funding and event planning impacts, with institutions lacking support for navigating these challenges.
A new study reveals that menopause symptoms such as cognitive impairment and emotional wellbeing are more commonly discussed on Reddit than in clinical records. The study highlights the importance of online forums in capturing stigmatized or poorly understood conditions like perimenopause and menopause.
The University of Rochester-led NSF STELLAR Engine launches to strengthen US competitiveness in global markets by advancing lasers and laser application research. The project aims to bring New York laser research, development, and manufacturing to a scale that can compete globally.
OYE Therapeutics announced positive Phase 1 results for OYE-101, a proprietary intravenous caffeine formulation. The study demonstrated the safety and tolerability of OYE-101 in healthy adult volunteers, supporting its planned development as a treatment to support emergence from general anesthesia and deep sedation.
Dr. Griffin is evaluating a hybrid substance use prevention intervention using classroom materials and e-learning modules to supplement Life Skills Training Elementary School prevention program.
The Data Sciences Institute at the University of Toronto has been awarded $1 million in Claude API credits to support AI-enabled research. Researchers will gain access to cutting-edge AI tools, enabling discovery, analysis, and innovation across disciplines.
Athletes with ADHD face unique concussion challenges, requiring more scrutiny for diagnosis and recovery. The study suggests a longer recovery period, up to four to six days, and highlights the need for tailored return-to-play decisions.
Researcher T. Reid Nelson is conducting a study on striped bass to better understand the environmental factors influencing mortality following catch-and-release. His findings aim to provide a more accurate estimate of catch-and-release mortality, essential for effective fisheries management.
Researchers analyze how technology has shaped the retail investment market in the US, noting dramatic drops in costs but persistent structural hurdles. The study concludes that technological advancements introduce complex regulatory challenges regarding jurisdictional oversight and investor protection.