Scientists at the University of Edinburgh have created a nanomachine that traps molecules as they move in a specific direction, powered by light. This breakthrough builds on previous work and could lead to lasers moving objects remotely using molecular force.
The online survey aims to learn how people of different nationalities behave while having fun in the sun, and their attitudes to tanning and skin cancer. Researchers have identified four high-risk melanoma genes that increase someone's risk of skin cancer.
A study by Group Health researchers found that black cohosh did not relieve hot flashes among women going through menopause. In contrast, hormone therapy significantly reduced the frequency of hot flashes. The researchers concluded that herbal supplements like black cohosh have little potential as an alternative to hormone therapy.
The study found that herbal supplements including black cohosh did not reduce menopausal symptoms. In contrast, hormone therapy significantly reduced symptoms in postmenopausal women, highlighting the importance of well-designed research to evaluate complementary and alternative medicine approaches.
A federally funded study found that black cohosh was no better than a dummy pill in reducing hot flashes and night sweats in women with menopause. Symptoms declined by about 30 percent over 12 months, regardless of treatment.
The study reveals that Salmonella enterica serovar typhi is the most common cause of bacteraemia in children and adults, with almost half of all cases found in children. Local knowledge is crucial for developing effective public health interventions, particularly in a resource-constrained healthcare system.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics have discovered a way to make a picture of everything that gravitates in the Universe using radio telescopes. By analyzing radio waves emitted from the early Universe, they can create high-resolution images of cosmic mass distribution, surpassing current galaxy distortions.
Astronomers found that black holes of all sizes follow the same 'feeding' process, with characteristic timescales changing linearly with mass and inversely with accretion rate. This discovery helps determine black hole masses in hard-to-reach cases.
Researchers at UCSD find mechanical tension can switch on/off enzymes acting on DNA, revealing new mechanism for sensing and responding to cell stresses. The study demonstrates a tiny force of one pico-Newton can alter protein activity, sparking potential applications in biotechnology.
Researchers have created a device that approaches the quantum mechanical limit at the largest length-scale, demonstrating back action and cooling an object by watching it. The results could have applications in quantum computing and cooling engineering.
A recent study by Georgia Institute of Technology Professor Kenneth Knoespel explores the intersection of Sir Isaac Newton's alchemical practice and his work in economics, showing how his ideas on value were transformed into a systematic structure of social value.
Researchers are developing models to understand electronic interactions in molecular systems, which could lead to more efficient energy production. By predicting the probability of electron transfer, scientists aim to design new technologies such as improved solar cells.
This year, SIAM awarded outstanding paper prizes to researchers who explored new areas of applied mathematics and offered fresh perspectives on existing fields. The award winners include Girish N. Nair and Robin J. Evans, Jean-Michel Coron and Emmanuel Trélat, and Michael Hintermüller and Karl Kunisch.
Researchers using ESA's XMM-Newton satellite data have found an object in the heart of a 2,000-year-old supernova remnant that exhibits complex and intriguing properties. The object, called 1E161348-5055, has a cycle that repeats every 6.7 hours, which is tens of thousands of times longer than expected for a young neutron star.
The production and distribution of counterfeit antimalarial drugs pose a significant threat to public health, particularly in poor and developing countries. Researchers are calling for stricter regulations and detection methods to combat the issue, which has serious implications for malaria control efforts.
A fake malaria drug, artesunate, was found to be contaminated with only 20% of the active ingredient, leading to the death of a 23-year-old man in East Burma. The study highlights the risks of counterfeit antimalarial medicines in Africa, where genuine artesunate is scarce and expensive.
Researchers found that follow-up PET scans showed persistent tumor activity in seven out of eleven RFA treatments. This suggests that FDG-PET is a more accurate method for evaluating tumor destruction than CT alone.
A team of astronomers studied the most massive and hot known fossil group, RX J1416.4+2315, to understand its formation. They found that a high-temperature halo extending over three million light years indicates the cluster's large mass.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a one-dimensional gas system that exhibits remarkable stability despite collisions among atoms. The system, dubbed the 'Quantum Newton's Cradle,' has been observed to maintain its momentum profile unchanged even after thousands of collisions.
A team of researchers from Williams College will travel to Greece to study the solar eclipse, capturing observations of the Sun's corona and testing new electronic cameras. The expedition aims to provide valuable insights into the mechanism that heats the solar corona to millions of degrees.
Childress and colleagues develop tool to simulate hovering flight in laboratory setting, allowing analysis of optimal flapping frequency with size. The researchers created a vertical oscillating wind tunnel to study the hovering of passive flexible bodies in oscillating airflow.
Researchers have discovered a large number of supermassive black holes, outnumbering initial estimates, using deep X-ray surveys. The findings suggest that these black holes are more stable over time than previously thought.
A global skin cancer research consortium, Genomel, has won £7m in funding to investigate the genetics of melanoma and identify those at high risk. The project will also develop a website providing information on melanoma symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment.
A new study published in Neuropsychopharmacology found that bupropion significantly reduced methamphetamine cravings and diminished the 'high' associated with its use. The research suggests that bupropion prevents methamphetamine from entering brain cells, reducing feelings of euphoria.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed the first complete micromachine that can characterize mechanical properties of nanowires and carbon nanotubes in real-time. The system uses differential capacitive sensing to measure applied forces with nano-Newton resolution.
A new study published in Schizophrenia Research found that individuals with schizotypal personalities are more creative than normal or fully schizophrenic people. They also use the right side of their brains more heavily to access creativity. This is supported by research showing a disproportionate number of schizotypes and schizophren...
The study found that subjective responses to cocaine peak and decline more rapidly than those of methamphetamine. Cardiovascular responses are similar at onset but respond differently over time.
A new study by Aviva Must and colleagues found that childhood obesity is a significant predictor of adult weight, rather than early menarche. The research used data from the Newton Girls Study and found that overweight girls mature earlier, but this does not predispose them to be overweight as adults.
Researchers improve measurement of Casimir force, influencing small objects more than gravity, with implications for nanotechnologists. The study confirms gravity behaves as expected, ruling out exceptions to Newton's theories.
Researchers at UCSD School of Medicine have discovered a natural tumor suppressor called PHLPP, which can be turned on in certain cancer cells to prevent tumor formation. By deleting a phosphate molecule from the Akt protein, PHLPP terminates cell-growth signaling and promotes programmed cell death.
Researchers found that brand communities exhibit transformative experiences, magic, religion, and supernatural elements. Consumers take on a cult-like role, modifying products, innovating, and sharing stories to sustain the brand's values and beliefs.
Theoretical chemists aim to develop models for understanding electron donor/acceptor interactions in molecular systems. They study how the surrounding environment affects electrons' flow, with potential applications in improving photosynthesis and designing efficient solar cells.
The production of sub-standard and fake drugs is a vast and under-reported problem that causes unnecessary deaths and illnesses. The authors argue that a multifaceted approach is needed to control the global epidemic of counterfeit and substandard drugs, including mandatory reporting by drug companies and governments.
Astronomers using the European Space Agency's XMM-Newton telescope discovered that Jupiter's x-ray glow is due to x-rays from the Sun being reflected back off the planet's atmosphere. The discovery synchronises Jupiter's day-to-day disk x-rays with the Sun's emissions, providing new insights into solar activity.
Researchers captured ancient, 9-billion-year-old light from a massive galaxy cluster, providing a snapshot of the universe at 5 billion years old. The discovery confirms that galaxy clusters formed in a way consistent with recent structures.
A team of astronomers has discovered a remote galaxy cluster that is as massive as several thousand galaxies like our Milky Way and is located 9,000 million light-years away. The cluster contains reddish and elliptical galaxies with old stars, indicating it formed when the Universe was less than one third of its present age.
Astronomers have detected an invisible galaxy made mostly of dark matter for the first time using radio telescopes. The discovery was made by a British-led team and confirmed with the Arecibo telescope in Puerto Rico.
Gross and Frank Wilczek discovered asymptotic freedom, a force that grows stronger with distance, allowing for the calculation of experiment results. This finding has implications for experiments and provides clues to new physics beyond the Standard Model.
A new portable device called the Newton TM has been developed to detect glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness. The device is more accurate than previous models and can be used in various positions, making it ideal for early detection and treatment.
The AAAS symposium features educators and authors using popular culture to make physics accessible. Chemical physicist Catherine Asaro uses romance novels infused with quantum physics, while Professor James Kakalios illustrates physics principles through superhero comics.
Researchers developed a mathematical model that extracts key elements from hundreds of videotaped conversations between couples to predict marital trouble. The model identifies a magic ratio of positive to negative interactions, below which marriages can be in trouble.
Astronomers have discovered two unique rings of dust illuminated by the afterglow of a gamma-ray burst in our galaxy. The rings, caused by dust scattering X-rays from the burst, reveal new insights into the distribution and behavior of dust in the Galaxy.
Scientists discover conditions for cracks to propagate supersonically in brittle solids, challenging classical theories on fracture speed. Hyperelasticity governs dynamic fracture under extreme deformation, with a characteristic length scale near the crack tip.
The XMM-Newton satellite has discovered a faint X-ray glow from a very hot gas in the disk of the Andromeda Galaxy, suggesting recent star formation. Additionally, the team detected an accreting X-ray pulsar, a strongly magnetized neutron star drawing in material from its neighbor.
Researchers have found evidence of high-speed winds blowing copious amounts of gas from the cores of quasar galaxies, powered by black holes. The winds may regulate black hole growth and create new stars, with a wind transporting substantial amounts of carbon, oxygen, and iron into the interstellar medium.
Changes in atmospheric pressure and wind patterns cause forces that act on the solid Earth, leading to slight slowdowns in Earth's rotation during El Niño years. This effect is tied to the law of conservation of angular momentum, which connects the Earth's rotation rate with its overall mass.
Researchers detected a sudden cooling of the star Rho Cassiopeiae in 2000, resulting in an unprecedented mass ejection into space. The star is now considered one of the brightest yellow hypergiants in the Milky Way, with a luminosity over half a million times that of the Sun.
The UK has launched a new 'global partnerships' program aimed at fostering science and technology partnerships with the US. The program, which combines expertise from three British Government divisions, has already yielded over 20 partnership projects in its US pilot program.
The quasar APM 08279+5255 has a three times larger iron fraction than our solar system, contrary to expectations. This suggests an unknown efficient way of producing iron or the universe may be older than expected.
Geologists find strong similarities in Silurian marine fossils between Alaska, Urals, and Siberia, indicating a shared contiguous seaway. This discovery contradicts a previous hypothesis that the Alexander terrane was located in the Southern Hemisphere during the Silurian period.
The 2002 OlympiYeda science competition brings together students from the US, Canada, England, and Australia to explore advanced police investigative techniques. Students will analyze forensics, DNA, and other disciplines to solve real-world cases.
A team of researchers using the XMM Newton satellite detected X-ray emissions from a supermassive black hole, indicating it is spinning and emitting energy through a complex magnetic field system. This discovery provides new insights into the behavior of supermassive black holes and their role in galaxy formation.
A new study by NC State University professor Dr. John L. Hubisz found significant errors in widely used middle school physical science textbooks, including incorrect statements about Newton's first law of motion and the equator's location. The study also criticized textbook layout, exercises, and the lack of clear authors.
A team of U.S. and European astronomers detect X-rays from the farthest known quasar, SDSSp J1044-0125, with a redshift of 5.8, revealing the universe's earliest objects. The quasar's low X-ray emission suggests it may be a 'precursor quasar' or have strong accretion processes.
Researchers Beau Lotto and Dale Purves suggest that the visual system perceives color based on reflectances and illuminances of past stimuli. In experiments, subjects adjusted colors to match perceived color differences, showing an increased difference when contexts suggested different objects or illumination.
A new program, 'Health Works After the Flood,' aims to address post-flood stress and potential domestic violence among blue-collar working women. The initiative builds on a previous project and will provide training and support to local communities to minimize domestic violence at home and in the workplace.
Swager's innovative use of active plastics has led to the development of a highly sensitive plastic landmine detector, outperforming even trained dogs. His research also focuses on creating molecular wires with conductive molecules and insulation.
Jeppesen Sanderson was awarded the Franz Edelman Award for its successful implementation of optimization-based decision support tools, resulting in annual cost reductions of $3 million. The company achieved this through flexible planning and technology management, strengthening its competitive position and increasing operating profits.
Researchers Jens Gundlach and Stephen Merkowitz present the most precise measurement of Isaac Newton's gravitational constant, reducing uncertainty by nearly a factor of 100. Their calculations yield an Earth mass of approximately 5.972 sextillion metric tons.
Stephen L. Buchwald receives American Chemical Society Award in Organometallic Chemistry for developing more efficient methods to create complex chemical bonds, with applications in plastics, drug discovery, and manufacturing. His work has been recognized for its breadth and unique interest, spanning multiple fields.