The Particle Data Group's 2012 edition is a comprehensive review of high-energy physics, covering results from the Large Hadron Collider and new data on neutrino oscillation. The online version includes an interactive web application for browsing the database and print-quality displays of mathematical expressions.
Recent BaBar experiment data suggest a potential flaw in the Standard Model, with a particular type of particle decay happening more often than predicted. The results are intriguing but require replication and further investigation to confirm or rule out an actual discovery.
Researchers suggest that axions, hypothetical particles with low mass, could accumulate around black holes and emit gravity waves. This process could be measured using existing detectors, providing insights into astronomy and potentially revealing new particle types.
Researchers narrow down possible masses for neutrino, a tiny particle that rarely interacts with matter, using sensitive detectors buried underground. The new data suggests a neutrino cannot be more massive than about 0.140 to 0.380 electron volts.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara developed synthetic platelets with unique physical and biochemical properties to mimic natural platelets. These particles could be used for various biomedical applications, including wound healing, targeting damaged blood vessels, or delivering drugs that dissolve blood clots.
Scientists have extended the trapped particles' useful life more than tenfold by using a refined technique for trapping and manipulating nanoparticles. The new approach, which involves a control and feedback system that nudges the nanoparticle only when needed, increases the lifetime of the particle while reducing its tendency to wander.
Physicists from the University of Zurich detected a baryon with one light and two heavy quarks, Xi_b^*, in proton collisions at CERN's LHC. The discovery confirms the theory of quark binding and helps understand the strong interaction.
A new study by Harvard researchers found a significant association between long-term fine particle air pollution exposure and higher rates of hospital admissions for pneumonia, heart attacks, strokes, and diabetes in older adults. The study used novel prediction models to estimate zip code concentrations of fine air particles and compa...
Physics has made significant contributions to health since its inception, with Nobel Prizes awarded for X-ray discovery. Investments in physics technology and education will enable innovations like nanomedicine and personalized healthcare.
A study by the Institute of Physics suggests that requiring applicants to hold A-level physics qualifications could improve patient outcomes and diagnostic techniques. Medical schools are encouraged to revisit this requirement to provide students with a strong foundation in physics-based medicine.
Researchers from Complutense University of Madrid have mathematically shown that particles in magnetic fields can escape into infinity, never stopping. The phenomenon occurs under specific conditions, including the presence of current loops on the same plane and a large radius for the spherical surface.
Richard Hogg, a renowned expert in particle technology, has been elected to the National Academy of Engineering for his groundbreaking work on coagulation and flocculation. His research interests span multiple areas of particle technology, including characterization, mixing, and agglomeration processes.
Researchers at Michigan State University's DZero team have detected a distinct Higgs-like signature that cannot be easily explained without the presence of something new. If confirmed, this finding would be a major milestone for the world physics community and validate the Standard Model.
Scientists at UNIGE have successfully linked two large crystals through quantum physics, paving the way for quantum memory and long-distance quantum communication. The entangled pair exhibits simultaneous behavior despite their separation, showcasing a promising step towards creating quantum repeaters and secure networks.
A University of Oklahoma graduate student has been awarded a national physics award for his groundbreaking research on dark matter. His thesis explores the mixture of two particles, axion and lightest supersymmetric (LSP) theory, providing a more intricate picture of dark matter.
The Kavli Institute aims to crack the puzzles of cosmological theory, including dark energy's repulsive gravity, dark matter's composition, and cosmic inflation's rapid expansion. New simulations and detectors will help scientists uncover new physics beyond current theories.
Researchers used 3D computer simulations to study the diffusional behavior of nanoparticles on surfaces. They found that ordered nanorods can facilitate faster diffusion than disordered ones, with channels between rods enabling particles to speed through.
The ICTP South American Institute for Fundamental Research (ICTP-SAIFR) will focus on areas like gravitation, particle physics, and field theory. The center will host visiting researchers, organize schools and workshops for PhD students, and hire permanent professors to promote scientific excellence in South America.
Researchers at CRC 1044 investigate hadron physics, quark-gluon interactions, and the structure of matter using high-precision measurements and theoretical analyses. The project will also explore the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and the proton-radius puzzle.
Researchers at Vienna University of Technology distinguish different sources of quantum uncertainty, including fundamental uncertainty rooted in the particle itself. The study confirms the validity of Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle while revealing a more nuanced understanding of quantum mechanics.
Researchers devise a new Bell test to reveal correlations between high-energy particles, shedding light on 'spooky action at distance.' The study's findings have significant implications for understanding particle physics and the link between symmetries and particle correlations.
The University of Illinois has created a reactive silver ink that can print small, high-performance electronics on flexible plastics, papers, or fabrics without the need for metal particles. The ink is faster to make, more stable, and suitable for smaller nozzles, making it ideal for printed microelectronics.
A team of researchers has provided the most detailed look ever at the proteasome regulatory particle, a critical component in cellular waste disposal. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding protein quality control and potentially treating diseases like cancer.
Understanding quantum jamming physics is essential for miniaturizing electronics, as it affects device properties and wire connections. Researchers have made progress in one-dimensional quantum many-particle physics, revealing new collective phenomena that emerge when matter is confined to narrow channels.
A professor of physics, internationally renowned composer, and award-winning violinist create a series of classical compositions inspired by particle physics. The 'Particle Partitas' showcase the connection between subatomic particles and music, with a debut set to take place in the UK.
A new model shows that stochastic resonance occurs when the potential has sufficiently steep walls, but breaks down otherwise. This phenomenon could contribute to improving image resolution and understanding of biological systems.
Researchers from Brown University report that dark matter must have a mass greater than 40 GeV to explain the universe's accelerated expansion. This limits potential weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) candidates, which were previously suggested by other experiments.
Researchers have for the first time obtained an image of the structure and arrangement of apoA-I molecules using x-ray crystallography. This breakthrough may lead to the development of new drugs to treat diseases such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease.
In a rotating curved pipe, particle distribution changes significantly due to centrifugal force, affecting coagulation and dispersion. With Coriolis and centrifugal forces aligned, particles concentrate near the outside edge, increasing in size over time.
Researchers from Delft University of Technology have demonstrated that mobile electrons can be produced by a single light particle in quantum dot films, increasing solar cell efficiency. Up to 3.5 free electrons are created per absorbed light particle, surviving long enough to move freely through the material.
A new type of detector uses a CCD image sensor chip in an off-the-shelf X-ray camera to measure both particle energy and spatial location. The device successfully detects molecules containing carbon and hydrogen at energies above 1 MeV, opening up new avenues for complex molecule research
The Borexino instrument has measured the flux of beryllium seven (7Be) solar neutrinos with high precision, allowing for a detailed study of their behavior. This advance confirms predictions of neutrino oscillations, flavor changes, and flow predicted by models of the sun and particle physics.
Researchers used high-speed microscopy to track particle motions in fluids, revealing the direct link between fluid flow and changes in viscosity. They found that particles are swept away by induced flows, causing fluids to become thinner, while rapid collisions form clusters, making the fluid thicker.
Researchers at University of Pennsylvania discovered that changing particle shape can disrupt the coffee ring effect, a ring-shaped stain left after coffee drops evaporate. By using non-spherical particles, they found that it's possible to eliminate this phenomenon and achieve uniform coating deposition.
The CDF collaboration observed a new neutral particle, Xi-sub-b, composed of strange, up and bottom quarks, in high-energy collisions. This discovery strengthens the understanding of how quarks form matter.
Physicist Dr. Mark Hadley proposes a galaxy-scale explanation for Charge Parity violation, suggesting galactic rotation's effect on space-time causes differences in particle decay rates. This theory preserves parity while offering a new explanation for the matter-antimatter imbalance.
Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz have directly observed the magnetic moment of a single proton, a crucial step forward in understanding the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance. This achievement opens the way for high-precision measurements of the proton and anti-proton's magnetic moments.
Theoretical physicists propose a new method to create and detect anyons, exotic particles with continuously variable statistics. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more efficient quantum computers.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab demonstrated antenna-enhanced gas sensing at the single particle level using a palladium nanoparticle on a gold nanoantenna. The technique amplifies plasmonic sensing signals, eliminating statistical characteristics and offering noninvasive, biocompatible applications.
Physicists at Rice University have detected the heaviest antimatter particle ever observed, antihelium-4, using a time-of-flight detector designed at the institution. The discovery provides new insights into the conditions of the early universe and the existence of antimatter galaxies.
Researchers detect 18 examples of antihelium-4, a massive antimatter partner of helium, in data from over 1 billion collisions at RHIC. The discovery could provide crucial insights into the early universe's matter-antimatter balance and the search for bulk antimatter elsewhere.
Harvard researchers develop rigorous mathematical theory to predict surface stability or instability under irradiation over time. The theory reveals that the cumulative effect of atoms knocked around, not blasted away, determines surface stability.
Scientists led by Syracuse University physicist Sheldon Stone observed the decay of a rare B meson particle, which may hold clues about the universe's matter-antimatter imbalance and the nature of fundamental forces. The discovery is part of ongoing efforts to understand why the universe evolved with more matter than antimatter.
A new method has been developed to estimate uncertainty in particle image velocimetry, a widely used technique in fluid mechanics. The approach allows for more accurate results and increased reliability in flow measurements, with potential applications in fields such as aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, and biomedical research.
Researchers directly measure proton spin contributions from different flavored quarks for the first time. The study suggests that gluons contribute less than expected, leaving the source of spin still unknown.
Two Cluster satellites encounter a natural particle accelerator above the northern hemisphere, mapping its electrical landscape. This discovery sheds light on the generation of auroras and provides new insights into space plasma.
Laurence Littenberg, Brookhaven Lab physicist, wins W.K.H. Panofsky Prize for discovering a rare kaon decay with a probability of one in ten billion. This achievement sheds light on the universe's fundamental forces and basic building blocks, as explained by the Standard Model.
The ARC Centre of Excellence for Experimental Particle Physics at the Terascale will probe particle interactions at higher energies, revealing secrets about the early stages of the universe after the big bang. Scientists hope to discover elusive Higgs Boson particles and new physics such as extra dimensions and super symmetry.
The European Science Foundation forecasts the need for powerful new accelerator facilities to tackle fundamental questions in nuclear physics, focusing on energy, health, and environmental problems. This will enhance skills in advanced techniques transferred to industries, ensuring access to expertise in low-carbon energy, medical diag...
A study by Sara Adar and colleagues found that long-term air pollution exposure is associated with narrowing of retinal arterioles, a microvascular change linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk. Short-term pollution exposure also showed weak associations with retinal vessel changes.
Researchers have devised a predictive model to control the formation of banded ring patterns left behind by coffee droplets. The model suggests that particle deposition can be controlled by altering physical parameters such as evaporation and surface tension.
Physicists at UC Santa Cruz are developing a new particle detector called the Insertable B Layer (IBL) to upgrade the ATLAS detector at the LHC, improving sensitivity in Higgs boson searches and enabling new physics discoveries. The IBL will be installed in 2015 and use advanced technology to withstand higher radiation doses.
Duke University researchers discovered that smaller catalyst particle size is crucial for improving efficiency in chemical reactions. The team found that the surface-to-volume ratio of the catalyst particle is more important than previously thought, leading to faster reactions.
Researchers recreated a miniature event at the universe's origins using Einstein's E=mc2 equation and the Large Hadron Collider. Dr. Andreas Warburton and his team are searching for exotic new particles, which could help complete or contradict the Standard Model of Particle Physics.
Researchers used a particle model to explain how birds make decisions when landing on foraging flights. The collective switching from flying to landing state overrides individual intentions, heavily influenced by bird position within the flock and perturbations.
Researchers at NC State University developed a screening tool to predict nanoparticle interactions with biological systems, allowing for improved safety and applications in drug delivery. The study uses molecular probes to create 'fingerprints' identifying how nanoparticles will behave inside the human body.
The Fermilab experiments have excluded a quarter of the expected Higgs mass range, with a new mass range established at 158-175 GeV/c^2. The Standard Model predicts a mass range of 114-185 GeV/c^2.
The University of Toronto team has broken world records in the search for new particles at the LHC, confirming the Standard Model theory. The team set new limits on the mass of excited quarks, excluding their existence below a certain threshold and reconfirming allegiance to the Standard Model.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed a method to trap and hold tiny microparticles using a silicon-based circular resonator. This technique uses optical forces to confine particles stably for up to several minutes, enabling the potential for all-optical chip manipulation.
Researchers found that nanoparticles of zinc oxide are twice as toxic to colon cells as conventional zinc oxide. The study's results suggest that accidental ingestion of sunscreen products could lead to toxicity in humans.