Researchers from University of Wisconsin-Madison and UC-Berkeley say that exotic particles may distinguish between possible shapes of extra dimensions predicted by string theory. The shape of the dimensions determines the properties and behavior of our four-dimensional universe.
A team of scientists has identified astrophysical objects with charged particles reaching Earth at high energies. The Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina recorded the particles, which carry as much energy as a bullet or a tennis ball off Roger Federer's racket.
Kyle Cranmer, a Brookhaven Lab physicist, has received the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers for his work on the ATLAS experiment at CERN. He specializes in advanced data analysis and statistical techniques to discover new physics at the Large Hadron Collider.
The 2008 IOP Awards have recognized significant contributions to physics across various fields. Notably, Professor Rowan-Robinson's research on galactic dust has shed light on the main populations of galaxies in our universe.
Research suggests that dilaton effects could reduce the abundance of stable dark matter particles like neutralinos by a factor of ten. This finding has implications for supersymmetric searches in colliders and challenges standard cosmology theories.
A new analysis reveals that predicted mass scale for discovering new particles is about one TeV, more than double the previous estimate. This discovery could revolutionize particle physics research.
L.T. Fan, a renowned chemical engineer at K-State, has been recognized for his outstanding contributions to particle technology and teaching. The American Institute of Chemical Engineers awarded him the Particle Technology Forum Award for his advocacy in industry, academia, and government.
Researchers at UT Health Science Center have developed a smart particle insulin release system that detects blood sugar spikes and releases insulin to counteract them. The system, which consists of a blood sugar sensing protein and liposomes loaded with insulin, stabilized blood sugar levels in animal models for up to six hours.
Researchers found that high school math preparation significantly improves college performance in biology, chemistry, and physics. However, no correlation was seen between scientific disciplines, challenging the 'Physics First' movement's arguments.
Researchers at Weizmann Institute of Science observe oscillating interference pattern between two identical quantum particles, proving quantum theory's predictions. The particles' actions are inextricably tied due to entanglement, even when separated by distance.
Physicists at University of Illinois discover a new fundamental particle, boson, that arises from strong electron interactions and explains the puzzling behavior of high-temperature superconductors. The particle has a charge of 2e but is not composed of two electrons.
Researchers are developing a new type of particle accelerator that could lead to more effective cancer treatment, greener electricity, and reduced nuclear waste. The CONFORM* project aims to build a non-scaling fixed field alternating gradient (NS-FFAG) accelerator, which has the potential to be used in medical applications, renewable ...
Researchers from Michigan State and Central Michigan universities develop a new approach to modeling atomic nuclei, reducing computational complexity by focusing on correlations between particles. This breakthrough enables more accurate predictions for the structure of heavy atomic nuclei.
Physicist Burton Richter says new experiments will answer some questions but raise others about the universe's composition and expansion. He emphasizes the need for prioritizing crucial research to advance our understanding of dark matter, dark energy, and the Standard Model.
Physicist S. James Gates, Jr. has been recognized with the 2006 AAAS Public Understanding of Science and Technology Award for his efforts in making complex scientific concepts accessible to diverse audiences. Through various media platforms and educational initiatives, Gates has promoted STEM education, particularly among underrepresen...
Researchers have developed a new accelerator technique that doubles the energy of electrons in just one meter, revolutionizing the field of high-energy physics. This breakthrough technology, using plasma to amplify energy, has the potential to make future accelerators more feasible and affordable.
A collaboration of researchers has developed a new accelerator technique that doubles the energy of particles in just 1 meter. The breakthrough, published in Nature, uses plasma to amplify the energy of electrons, paving the way for more efficient and affordable future accelerators.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University and other institutions have developed a test of string theory, which involves measuring the scattering of high-energy particles in particle collisions. The test could eventually be performed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) if the predicted predictions are not found.
The number of US high school students taking physics has increased to a record high, with more than 30% of seniors enrolling in physics classes. Physics bachelor's degree recipients are also on the rise, with a 31% increase since 2000 and a significantly higher likelihood of pursuing advanced degrees.
The CDF experiment has measured the W boson mass with unprecedented precision, yielding a value of 80,413 +/- 48 MeV/c2. This result suggests that the Higgs boson could be lighter than previously predicted, making its observation more likely at experiments like Tevatron.
The DZero experiment has observed the production of single top quarks in a rare process involving the weak nuclear force, marking an important test of particle theory. The results suggest that the magnitude of Vtb lies within the predicted range, consistent with the Standard Model, but further analysis is needed to confirm this finding.
Physicists at UCR have detected the top quark, the heaviest known elementary particle, for the first time without its antimatter partner, allowing them to study its properties and production process. The discovery has significant implications for understanding the fundamental nature of the universe and how objects acquire mass.
Fermilab will continue to provide opportunities for discovery in particle physics with the Tevatron and neutrino experiments. The new management structure brings together scientific leadership and management experience of the University of Chicago and URA.
Human cells exposed to high-energy protons and then iron or titanium particles showed a significant increase in anchorage-independent growth, a characteristic of early cancer development. The timing of the particle exposure was critical, with cells responding more strongly when hit by protons first.
The CERN Council has adopted a European strategy for particle physics, providing for European engagement and leadership. This marks an important step for the field, as the world's particle physicists embark on a new adventure with the Large Hadron Collider project.
Rice University is leading an international team in building a cylindrical bank of over 23,000 particle detectors for the Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC. The collaboration, valued at $7 million, demonstrates robust scientific cooperation between US and Chinese institutions.
The MIT team uses particle-spring systems to create three-dimensional designs that can find a structure's most efficient form in minutes. Historically, finding new structural forms required physical means, but this method offers a more efficient and sustainable approach.
A study found that small increases in fine particle air pollution resulted in increased hospital admissions for heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and respiratory infections. Fine particles penetrate deep into the lungs, posing a significant health risk to elderly citizens.
A Florida Institute of Technology faculty member has received a $360,000 grant to explore the origin of mass through high-energy physics research. The grant supports the CMS project, a massive particle detector experiment at CERN's Large Hadron Collider.
The H.E.S.S. collaboration has discovered gamma-ray emission from a complex of gas clouds near the Milky Way Galaxy's centre, revealing a prehistoric particle accelerator. The density of cosmic rays exceeds that in the solar neighbourhood, suggesting recent acceleration.
The Finnish SIXS instrument will measure the Sun's X-ray and particle radiation on Mercury, providing valuable data on the planet's surface and magnetosphere. The instrument is part of the BepiColombo mission, a European Space Agency project that aims to explore Mercury's orbit and composition.
Researchers at the University of Nevada and Los Alamos National Laboratory have developed a breakthrough in concentrating carbon ion beams, a crucial step towards improving cancer tumor treatment. The innovation also opens up opportunities for advances in nuclear fusion applications.
Researchers found that exposure to fine particle air pollution and a high-fat diet together contribute to the development of atherosclerosis in laboratory mice. The study suggests that even low concentrations of air pollution may accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis, particularly among those with risk factors.
A new algorithm, 'particle picking by segmentation,' enables fast and reliable selection of images for 'crystallization in silico' from millions of candidates. By focusing on background noise, the approach improves yields over existing methods.
EPFL researchers used Photonic Force Microscopy to track Brownian fluctuations of a single particle at microsecond time scales and nanometer length scales, validating the corrected form of the standard theory. This validation underlines the importance of dynamical effects in Brownian motion at very small time scales.
In Young's double-slit experiment, electrons exhibit both particle-like and wave-like behavior. The Complementarity Principle explains this ambiguity, stating that an electron can be at position A or B, but not both at the same time.
Researchers investigated bottom quark creation in high-energy collisions using D zero experiment data. Wijngaarden's measurements showed the angle between two bottom quarks can be smaller than predicted, indicating a more complex description of the strong nuclear force is needed.
Researchers discovered that mid-sized nanomaterials (27-30 nm) are optimal for cellular entry. This knowledge can help design drugs to keep viruses out and molecules to enter cells safely. The study's findings have broad implications for developing gene and drug delivery tools.
Martin Klein received the Pais Award for his groundbreaking research on the history of 19th and 20th century physics, which have profoundly influenced generations of historians. He also made significant contributions to the history of relativity and quantum physics.
Ron Davidson, a professor at Princeton University, has received the 2005 Particle Accelerator Science and Technology Award for his contributions to the theory of charged particle beams. His work has applications in particle physics, nuclear physics, ion-beam-driven fusion, high energy density physics, and cancer therapy.
A Vanderbilt University Medical Center study has identified a crucial early step in the HIV assembly process, revealing how the Gag protein is directed to the multivesicular body. The discovery could lead to the development of new drugs targeting this step, potentially blocking viral replication.
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and International Linear Collider (ILC) are two colossal machines being built to study the ultimate building blocks of matter. The LHC, nearing completion in Geneva, will collide protons with unprecedented energy, aiming to answer questions on mass, dark matter, and dimensions.
Dr. McDonald and his team solved the missing solar neutrinos puzzle, confirming that neutrinos change type on their journey to Earth from the sun. This discovery validates theories of energy generation in the sun and transforms our understanding of elementary particle physics.
Researchers from Rice University and international teams found a collapse of Fermi volume in quantum critical matters, leading to new insights into exotic electronic properties. This discovery may provide routes to new classes of material and shed light on high-temperature superconductivity.
Two Williams students, Nathan Hodas and Gerke, have won the prestigious Apker Award in physics, showcasing their exceptional academic records and research potential. The college's emphasis on student-faculty research has been credited with producing high-caliber physics majors.
The Quantum Universe report outlines nine fundamental questions in response to research funding agency requests, focusing on particle physics' role in understanding dark matter, dark energy, and more. The report emphasizes new knowledge from particle physics is needed to answer exciting scientific questions of this century.
Researchers discovered a significant deviation from expected symmetry in the density of states of excitations in high-temperature superconducting tunnel junctions. The findings suggest that crystals of high-temperature superconductors, with a titanate layer, exhibit intrinsic particle-hole asymmetry.
ACTOS, an insulin sensitizer, is shown to improve diabetic dyslipidemia components when administered in combination with other diabetes therapies. The study found significant increases in average and peak LDL and HDL particle size, accompanied by a decrease in particle density.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab have developed a way to image and digitally restore mechanical audio recordings, such as shellac phonograph discs. This technology enables the mass digitization of thousands of blues, classical, jazz, and spoken word recordings in the Library of Congress's archives.
The European DataGrid (EDG) project has successfully built a test computing infrastructure capable of providing shared data and computing resources across Europe. GridPP resources contributed to the EDG testbed, developing important 'middleware' for efficient task distribution and security. The EGEE project will take Grid technology fu...
The study reveals that nanoparticles are 30 times more efficient at promoting manganese oxidation than bulk material. This discovery challenges the long-held assumption that manganese oxidation requires bacteria, suggesting particle size may play a key role.
The UK is investing in two University centres to build accelerator RÔD expertise and develop a strong research base in experimental particle physics. The Neutrino Factory is proposed as an international experiment to study artificially produced neutrinos.
The AAAS symposium features educators and authors using popular culture to make physics accessible. Chemical physicist Catherine Asaro uses romance novels infused with quantum physics, while Professor James Kakalios illustrates physics principles through superhero comics.
Researchers at Purdue University developed a miniature device sensitive enough to detect a single virus particle, with applications in environmental health monitoring and homeland security. The device uses a tiny cantilever that vibrates at a specific frequency when a virus particle lands on it, allowing for real-time detection.
The Finuda experiment is studying the formation and decay of hypernuclei to explore the weak interaction. By analyzing the localization of lambda particles within nucleus, scientists can gain insights into the strong nuclear force.
Researchers at the University of Melbourne have discovered a sub-atomic particle called X(3872) that defies explanation using current theories. This 'mystery meson' has unique mass and decay properties that challenge our understanding of quarks and the color force.
The UK's largest persistent grid computing system, GridPP2, will enable particle physicists to process vast amounts of data generated by the Large Hadron Collider. The system, worth £16 million, will be built over four years and consist of a network of interconnected computers.
Florida Institute of Technology scientist receives three-year grant to study high-energy proton-proton collisions and fundamental questions of nature. The grant is part of the CMS experiment at CERN, a large international collaboration involving over 1,850 scientists from 34 countries.
Willis developed liquid argon calorimetry, electron identification by detection of transition radiation, and hyperon beams. These innovations are now widely adopted in particle physics.
The SLAC experiment has discovered a new subatomic particle called the Ds (2317), which combines a charm quark with an anti-strange quark. This unusual configuration has unexpected properties that will provide insight into the force binding quarks together, challenging current understanding of quark forces.