Researchers develop a photoacoustic spectroscopy system using a gain-switched Er³⁺/Dy³⁺ fiber laser, achieving ppt-level monitoring of multiple key VOCs and improving overall sensing performance by over an order of magnitude. The system enables precise detection of industrial pollutants and non-invasive clinical breath diagnostics.
Researchers developed a machine learning-empowered femtosecond laser processing technology to create high-performance anti-reflective windows. The technology achieves accurate prediction of ultra-broadband transmittance spectra and enables efficient optimization, overcoming challenges in conventional numerical simulations.
The convergence of AI and metaphotonics enables the design and integration of ultra-thin, flat optical devices that can bend, focus, and filter light. This technology has the potential to solve real-world hardware limitations, including shrinking cameras and enabling autonomous systems.
Researchers from Nanchang University have created a breakthrough solution for ultra-efficient infrared imaging using smart silicon metasurfaces. The team achieves a record-high conversion efficiency for such a silicon metasurface, enabling direct upconversion imaging with high fidelity and resolving fine details.
Researchers develop high-security information encryption metasurfaces using femtosecond lasers and refractory metals, achieving crosstalk-free hierarchical regulation of visible light and infrared information. The metasurface can endow encrypted information with a high-temperature key for enhanced security.
LRRC8A plays a multifaceted role in various diseases, including cancer, where it promotes proliferation and invasion via multiple pathways. In neurology, LRRC8A is implicated in epilepsy and ischemic stroke, while also regulating metabolic processes and immune function.
Researchers from Shandong Second Medical University and Wuhan University identified LINC00862 as a tumor suppressor that forms a triplex-mediated transcriptional activation driving tumor suppression in HCC. The study reveals a bidirectional regulatory loop between LINC00862 and RBM47, which reinforces tumor suppression.
A proof-of-concept comparison between Azure Kinect and OpenCap shows that the smartphone-based system can accurately estimate lower-limb biomechanics, with strong agreements in joint angles and contact forces. However, further studies are needed to confirm its applicability for clinical diagnosis.
A cross-sectional investigation found Listeria spp. prevalence of 12.8% in raw cow milk, with L. monocytogenes accounting for 4%, highlighting the zoonotic risks. Strengthening hygienic practices and safe milk handling measures are essential to mitigate health risks.
Targeted intense light exposure alleviates right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and fibrosis by reducing macrophage-associated inflammation. It improves cardiac function, lowers pulmonary artery pressures, and decreases collagen deposition compared to hypoxic mice under normal light.
SKP2 functions as a signaling hub orchestrating metabolic reprogramming, DNA damage response, stem cell maintenance, and synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation contributes to human diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative conditions.
A new study presents an interpretable artificial intelligence framework that improves the accuracy and transparency of genomic prediction, capturing complex genetic interactions and providing biological insight. Boosting algorithms outperform traditional statistical methods, particularly for traits with well-defined genetic signals.
Recent breakthroughs in terahertz imaging technology have improved resolution, stability, and reconstruction fidelity for various applications. The integration of deep learning algorithms and hardware innovation is expected to enhance real-time, high-precision, and portable applications.
Researchers have made significant progress in visible light communication technology, enabling large-capacity transmission rates of over 800 Gbps. The technology offers unique advantages in diverse application scenarios, including inter-satellite links and data center interconnects.
Research on multidimensional photodetectors leverages 2D materials and silicon photonics to decode light fields. These advancements aim to empower next-gen photodetectors with higher-dimensional, faster, and more intelligent perception capabilities.
Researchers propose a new method for dynamic polychromatic holography using polymer-stabilized chiral superstructures, achieving broadband and multichannel functions. The device can dynamically modulate light wavefronts, reconstructing high-quality full-color holographic images with reversible switching.
Researchers propose a scene-level passive high-precision polarization 3D imaging method, resolving challenges of discontinuous targets, absolute depth interpretation, and dynamic reconstruction. The approach achieves accurate true depth through integrating stereo vision and polarization, enabling scene-level high-precision 3D imaging.
Researchers created a paper-thin 'metalens' that can change how it looks at the world with just a tiny electrical nudge. The device flips between two useful views, producing two small bright spots for depth sensing and keeping fine details sharp without refocusing.
A new AI design strategy transforms semitransparent solar cells into colorful, user-defined windows without compromising energy output. The technology enables up to 20% power generation increase while maintaining visual appeal, making it suitable for real-world applications in buildings, vehicles, and wearable electronics.
Researchers propose a novel space-time-coding metasurface that integrates energy harvesting, electromagnetic wave manipulation, and information modulation. This technology enables high-capacity transmission, multi-user access, and green communication, with experimental verification demonstrating superior energy efficiency.
Researchers have developed a hybrid integrated C-band high-precision tunable semiconductor laser based on thin-film lithium niobate, achieving a wide tuning range of approximately 51.8 nm and a tuning precision of 0.03 nm while maintaining narrow-linewidth characteristics. The design integrates Sagnac loop reflectors with multiple sets...
Researchers propose a novel thin-film lithium niobate OPA design, achieving simultaneous breakthroughs in narrow beam width and low sidelobes within a compact device footprint. The proposed scheme enables high-performance electro-optic beam steering with optimized non-uniformly spaced arrays and superlattice ridge waveguide structures.
Researchers identify UBR5 as a critical tumor suppressor that modulates Snail's stability, facilitating metastasis. UBR5 maintains epithelial phenotype by targeting Snail for degradation, while its deficiency promotes Snail stabilization and metastatic cascade.
Researchers identify PAK1 as a key player in colorectal cancer progression through its ability to stabilize mRNA of oncogenic factors. Targeting PAK1 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion, promoting the degradation of these transcripts and sensitizing tumors to standard-of-care treatments.
Researchers identified USP30-AS1 as a key oncogenic regulator in breast cancer, promoting cell proliferation, cycle progression, and tumor growth. Silencing USP30-AS1 suppresses proliferation, induces apoptosis and senescence, and reduces tumor growth in xenograft models.
Mitochondrial dysfunction acts as a pathogenic hub linking genetic mutations, environmental toxins, and age-related decline. Aging exacerbates these defects, leading to neuronal loss and progressive disease progression. The review highlights therapeutic opportunities targeting mitochondrial quality control and neuroinflammatory signaling.
Researchers discovered potent and selective SARS-CoV-2 PLpro and RIPK1 inhibitors, SHY1643 and QY1892, that demonstrate synergistic effects in reducing viral loads and cytokine release syndromes in mice. These findings establish a proof-of-concept combination therapy strategy for treating severe COVID-19.
Researchers designed macrocyclic TRPC5 inhibitors exhibiting exceptional potency and selectivity, overcoming lipid-binding site challenges. JDIC-127 demonstrated unprecedented potency and specificity, aligning with preclinical evidence supporting its potential in treating neuropsychiatric disorders.
This study reveals that palmitoylation of Tfr1 enhances platelet ferroptosis, leading to liver injury in heat stroke. Inhibiting Tfr1-mediated ferroptosis mitigates thrombocytopenia and improves liver function.
DHL-11, a novel prieurianin-type limonoid isolated from Munronia henryi, targets IMPDH2 to inhibit triple-negative breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. It induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and increases ROS levels and cellular DNA damage.
This study introduces Chinese medicine and intermittent fasting integration therapy, which synergistically enhances calcium-phosphorus homeostasis regulation and vascular repair, demonstrating significantly greater efficacy than traditional therapies. The miR21-5p/Tpm1 axis mediates the anti-calcification effect, promoting VSMC overpro...
Researchers developed a data-driven classification-generation cascade model to discover new chemotype antitumor drugs. WJ0976 and WJ0909, two tetrahydrocarbazole derivatives, displayed potent broad-spectrum antitumor activity against multidrug-resistant cancer cells.
Researchers developed a self-assembling peptide-based vaccine to create a localized immune niche, demonstrating its remarkable efficacy in inducing durable and potent immunity. The vaccine served as a reservoir for antigens and adjuvants, recruiting antigen-presenting dendritic cells to accumulate within the scaffold.
Developed by Compuscript Ltd, the innovative mRNA-LNP microneedle vaccine induces effective innate immune responses and robust systemic humoral responses in the spleen. It also elicits multifunctional cellular immunity, providing some protection against lung invasion by SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B Volume 16, Issue 1 publishes original articles on various pharmaceutical sciences topics. The journal covers pharmacology, pharmaceutics, medicinal chemistry, natural products, and more. Recent studies explore the use of neg-entropy as a drug target for chronic diseases and psoriasis treatment.
The new S-PTP MN patch improves psoriasis therapy by facilitating deep drug penetration and sustained release of triamcinolone acetonide. It achieves superior therapeutic efficacy compared to conventional topical treatments, reducing epidermal thickness and inflammatory cytokine levels.
This guideline standardizes therapeutic drug monitoring of biologics in IBD to improve patient outcomes. It addresses five key questions, including the indicators to be monitored and the therapeutic drug trough concentration thresholds.
Researchers propose neg-entropy as key strategy for discovering new drugs targeting 'head goose molecules', which restore order from disorder in the human body. Clinically proven effective drugs that target these molecules illustrate the concept and offer hope for treating chronic diseases.
Researchers have discovered a method to generate Second-Harmonic Generation (SHG) in silicon, a material previously limited by its centrosymmetric crystal structure. Electric-Field-Induced Second-Harmonic Generation (EFISH) enables the realization of SHG in these materials by applying a static electric field.
Researchers developed a novel method, self-interference incoherent digital holography (SIDH), to overcome speckle issues and coherence constraints of classical laser-based holography. SIDH enables full-color holography under spatially incoherent illumination, offering a pathway toward robust and practical imaging systems.
This review discusses integrated photonic synapses, neurons, memristors, and neural networks for photonic neuromorphic computing. The authors summarize three foundational device classes and survey multiple IPNN architectures, highlighting critical issues for practical deployment.
A novel cardiac activity-based framework enables reliable emotion recognition across individuals, overcoming substantial inter-subject variability. The system employs a photonic sensing system and sample entropy-based signal processing strategy to characterize cardiac signals, resulting in accurate and robust emotion assessment.
A new augmented reality display system has been developed using a non-orthogonal polarization-multiplexing metasurface and freeform optical elements. The system can render clear digital images on three independent focal planes at different distances, providing a realistic three-dimensional visual experience.
A novel viral vector, AAVT42, efficiently delivers therapeutic genes to the brain, restoring memory and protecting neuronal structures in multiple models of Alzheimer's disease. BDNF treatment achieves significant cognitive rescue, facilitating structural repair and suppressing harmful pathways.
Researchers discover GPX3 plays a central role in limiting inflammation, oxidative damage, and renal dysfunction following ischemic insult. Restoring GPX3 expression improves renal functional indices, reduces histopathological injury, and alleviates tubular epithelial cell death.
Researchers found GXYLT2 promotes malignant phenotypes in diffuse-type gastric cancer cells, driving tumor progression through Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Targeting GXYLT2 or its downstream axis may provide a novel strategy for improving molecular stratification and therapeutic intervention in gastric cancer.
Researchers found OXCT1 to be a key regulator of colorectal cancer liver metastasis, with low expression linked to increased metastasis. OXCT1 suppression promotes oncogenic signaling through the CDK8/beta-catenin complex, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker.
Researchers uncover a hypoxia–m⁶A–Gal-1 regulatory axis that fuels HCC progression by stabilizing Galectin-1 (Gal-1) mRNA, promoting malignant phenotypes. Functional experiments confirmed Gal-1's role in enhancing HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT-driven phenotypic plasticity.
Researchers review EMT mechanisms and its impact on GBM progression, highlighting key signaling pathways and GSCs. EMT-targeted therapies offer promising strategies to disrupt tumor growth and enhance immune responses.
The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) is a key regulator of endocrine resistance in breast cancer, promoting tumor survival and proliferation. Elevated GPER expression is associated with poor therapeutic response and disease recurrence, highlighting its role as a coordinator of tumor-stroma interactions.