A five-point plan proposes integrating recreational fishing into global fisheries management to address conflicts and loss of social welfare. The proposal aims to consider the unique needs of anglers, who support a significant number of jobs worldwide.
A new study reveals that a diet rich in birds is the key factor driving influenza A virus exposure in wild African mammals. Herbivores showed low prevalence and diversity, while carnivores had the highest diversity and prevalence.
A recent study has identified Corynebacterium ulcerans, a close relative of the diphtheria-causing bacterium, in diseased hedgehogs. The discovery raises concerns about animal-to-human transmission and emphasizes the importance of proper hygiene measures and vaccination for protection against diphtheria.
A study predicts that Asian elephants in India and Nepal will face significant habitat loss, with potential shifts towards higher elevations in the Himalayas. The research suggests that climate change and land use will compound existing threats to elephant populations.
Scientists at Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research investigate energy requirements and travel speeds of migrating Nathusius' bats. Bats are found to travel at the speed where their range reaches a maximum, enabling them to cover long distances with minimal energy expenditure.
Researchers developed a framework to detect species interactions using camera trap data, highlighting the need for standardized data collection and collaboration. The study found that many records are needed to produce trustworthy results, but standardization can achieve this by combining datasets from multiple studies.
Researchers found that Natura 2000 in Germany effectively protects all listed habitat types, but large-area and common ones are significantly underrepresented. This imbalance can be addressed by setting specific area targets for each habitat type.
A recent study by Forschungsverbund Berlin found that fish with a high level of familiarity are more aggressive towards each other. The researchers used the Amazon molly, a naturally clonal fish species, to isolate the effects of familiarity on behavior.
Molecular vibrations in aspirin cause electron motions visible in real time for the first time through x-ray experiments. Electron distributions shift by 10,000 times larger than atomic displacements, demonstrating hybrid modes in crystal structures.
Recent studies found that dry inland waters play a significant role in the global carbon cycle, emitting around 0.2 gigatonnes of CO2 annually. Freshwaters also act as carbon sinks when water levels are high, but emit gases when they dry out. The team suggests reservoirs as potential targets for reducing CO2 emissions from inland waters.
A new study reveals that many European freshwater fish species, especially those in the Mediterranean region, are threatened by climate change. The research identifies regions and species particularly susceptible to rising water temperatures and changing habitats.
Researchers from MBI report on an experiment using attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy to study the interaction of molecules with a laser field. They found that infrared fields affect weak core-to-Rydberg transitions more strongly than core-to-valence transitions, and that Rydberg states dominate XUV absorption.
Scientists have created a new way to generate electricity using light, which operates at speeds 5,000 times faster than current computers. The 'interatomic light rectifier' uses the interaction between atoms to produce directed electric currents.
Vibrations of phosphate groups allow for a noninvasive probe of ion geometries in a water environment. Researchers use two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy to map Mg2+ ions in direct contact with PO2- groups, revealing fluctuations of the contact ion pair geometry and embedding water shell.
A new study reveals that male wild guinea pigs pass on epigenetic modifications to their offspring in response to environmental changes, such as diet and temperature. This discovery suggests that fathers play an important role in shaping the adaptability of future generations.
A bright source of femtosecond soft X-ray pulses has been created using extreme high-order harmonic generation process. This enables the simultaneous local probing at both carbon and nitrogen sites within molecules, facilitating multiple-site investigation with potential correlations between these sites upon molecular rearrangements.
A new test method using lung lavage has been developed to improve tuberculosis diagnosis in rhinoceros, with minimal stress for the animals. The study found that lung fluids revealed only harmless mycobacteria, reducing the risk of false positives and improving animal welfare.
Researchers have developed an innovative 'elastic' contrast media that enhances MRI diagnostics without increasing contrast medium use. The new method utilizes a self-regulating protein structure that absorbs xenon to improve image quality, allowing for better detection of disease markers in low concentrations.
Scientists from the Max Born Institute have created the first refractive lens that focuses extreme ultraviolet beams, utilizing a jet of atoms instead of traditional glass. This innovation enables novel approaches to image biological samples on extremely short timescales, with potential applications in microscopy and structural analysis.
Researchers use camera-trapping to study the Annamite striped rabbit in Vietnam and Laos, revealing its limited range and vulnerability to extinction. The findings highlight the need for effective conservation efforts to protect this critically endangered species.
A mathematical model revealed that spotted hyenas take over a decade to recover from the CDV epidemic due to their slow reproduction rate. The study emphasizes the importance of age and social status in disease spread, with high-ranking females playing a crucial role in population recovery.
A recent study on wild spotted hyaenas found that females dominate males because they receive more social support. The research revealed that social support is a key factor in determining dominance relationships between the sexes.
Scientists have successfully imaged extremely small magnetic nanostructures with an 'invisibility cloak', allowing for dense data storage and fast data transfer. The cloaking technique reduces the magnetic stray field, enabling smaller structures that can be moved at high speeds.
A study found that at least 17 white-tailed sea eagles died from avian influenza virus H5N8 in Northern Germany during the winter of 2016/2017. The analysis revealed that the virus was highly aggressive and caused a lethal inflammation of the brain, with no evidence of lead poisoning as a cause.
Researchers have demonstrated that noise can induce coherence resonance in nonlinear systems, allowing for the detection of weak signals without a reference signal. The results show promise for developing passive lock-in amplifiers with reduced integration times and operating range.
Exposure to artificial light at night increases fish's willingness to take risks, emerging quicker from hiding places and swimming in riskier areas. However, it does not affect their social behavior or swimming speed.
Long-term data analysis shows decreasing nitrogen inputs decrease algal blooms and increase water clarity in Lake Müggelsee. Blue-green algae do not rely on atmospheric nitrogen to sustain themselves.
Researchers discovered that vesicle and scaffold proteins arrive at nascent synapses as preformed functional units, enabling instantaneous neurotransmitter release. The findings may aid in designing better nerve-regenerating therapies and accelerating synapse formation after injuries.
Scientists establish direct connection between macroscopic electric polarizations and microscopic electron densities, opening route for understanding and tailoring ferroelectric material properties. Ultrafast x-ray diffraction tool provides unique insight into complex material properties.
A study found that European bats are attracted to red light sources during their seasonal migration, potentially leading to fatal collisions with wind turbines. The use of bat-friendly lights or context-dependent illumination could help reduce this risk.
Researchers discovered a molecular switch, PI3KC2A, that regulates signaling cascades in cells. Activating or inhibiting this enzyme may lead to new therapies for cancer and diabetes. The study's findings provide unprecedented insight into cellular processes and offer potential targets for treatment.
A recent study published in Nature Communications reveals that capturing wild-caught elephants from the wild significantly reduces their lifespan compared to captive-born animals. The research analyzed data from timber camps in Myanmar and found that even years after capture, mortality rates remain increased.
Researchers developed new magneto-plasmonic nanoscale routers and modulators for various nanophotonic functionalities. The devices exploit the propagation of surface-plasmon-polaritons in magneto-plasmonic waveguides to achieve high-contrast switching.
Researchers have identified key stages in the process of endogenization, by which host genomes defend against invading retroviruses. The study found that recombination between viral sequences and host genomic elements can incapacitate new viral sequences, making them less harmful.
Benjamin Fingerhut, a junior group leader at the Max Born Institute, has been awarded the prestigious ERC Starting Grant to study ultrafast biomolecular dynamics. The project aims to elucidate fundamental processes in biological systems using innovative non-adiabatic approaches.
Researchers have discovered the elementary steps of magnetization loss in ferrimagnets when suddenly heated. The process occurs on two time scales: a fast scale of 1 picosecond (ps) where atomic spins heat up, and a slower scale of 100 nanoseconds (ns).
Scientists have developed a new cryoprotective mixture that significantly improves the motility of frozen rhinoceros sperm after thawing. The new mixture has been successfully tested with sperm samples from three rhino species and shows potential for increasing the success rate of artificial insemination.
An international team of scientists has successfully created a hybrid embryo from Southern White Rhino eggs and Northern White Rhino sperm using assisted reproduction techniques. The breakthrough is published in Nature Communications today, offering hope for the survival of the endangered species.
Researchers found that fish adjust their escape behavior and keep a safe distance outside the shooting range when a speargun is present. The level of timidity varies depending on the size of the fish, type of diver, and location within protected areas.
Male cheetahs employ two space use tactics: floaters roam over vast areas and territory holders mark and defend small territories. Females use home ranges with sizes between those of territory holders and floaters, highlighting the need for huge natural areas to conserve these cats.
Research shows that illegal lynx hunting is a major factor in declining populations in the Šumava national park, with mortality rates increasing from 3-4% to 15-20% between 1998-2014. The study suggests that stopping hunting and preserving habitats are crucial to maintaining the population.
In water-limited landscapes, sick animals may have more contact with others due to lethargy, leading to faster pathogen transmission. The study suggests that understanding sickness behavior can help predict and control disease transmission in wildlife and domestic animals.
Regions with sharp declines in flying insects also experience high levels of light pollution, suggesting a link between artificial light and insect population declines. Light pollution can disrupt natural behavior, cause genetic exchange limitations, and impact ecosystem services like pollination.
Researchers from IGB and international colleagues found that energy efficiency in lake ecosystems is lower than assumed, with only 10% of energy remaining after each trophic transfer. This discovery opens new possibilities for investigating aquatic ecosystems using size distribution as a tool.
A team of scientists discovered that genetic diversity in host populations slows down the adaptation of parasites, increasing their resistance to disease. This finding has significant implications for ecosystem research and the preservation of biological diversity.
A study found that genes beneficial in youth but detrimental in old age may contribute to the rise of chronic diseases in modern societies. The review suggests that natural selection may be changing course, but more research is needed to fully understand its impact on human health.
Bats inhabit high altitudes, utilizing the troposphere as an important food source, but face threats from collisions with anthropogenic structures and light pollution. Conservation strategies, such as reducing wind power impacts and limiting artificial light emission, can help protect these habitats.
A study found that female leopards have a significantly wider diet range than males, with a greater diversity of smaller prey species. This is thought to be due to the energy constraints and limited home ranges of females.
Scientists at the Max Born Institute refined our understanding of strong-field processes like high harmonic generation and laser-induced electron diffraction. The study shows that returning electrons retain structural information on their initial molecular orbital, contradicting a commonly held assumption.
Researchers have developed a method to rapidly transition strongly correlated materials from insulators to conductors using tailored laser pulses. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of next-generation electronics that are faster and more energy efficient.