A surgical technique has been shown to decrease the severity of tics in young adults with severe Tourette syndrome by an average of 50%. The study, published in Journal of Neurosurgery, adds evidence supporting deep brain stimulation as a safe and effective treatment for severe cases.
Researchers have developed two new blood tests that can reliably detect previously unidentifiable forms of melanoma, a type of aggressive skin cancer. The tests use DNA fragments in the blood to monitor tumor growth and can detect changes in genes that help cancer cells multiply.
A new study found that patients with spinal deformity are at greater risk for dislocation or revision surgery after hip replacement. The researchers analyzed 107 patients with sagittal spinal deformity who underwent 139 hip replacements, finding an 8% dislocation rate and a 5.8% revision surgery rate.
Smokers who enrolled in a smoking cessation program before surgery had fewer adverse events and better surgical outcomes, including lower hospital readmission rates. The study found that the program reduced the risk of complications by 4.3 times and decreased reoperation rates.
The study provides recommendations to optimize decision-making for medical imaging in pediatric orthopedic care, highlighting the risk of cancer and genetic defects from radiation exposure. Best practices to reduce radiation include limiting precise collimation, fluoroscopy bursts, and utilizing low-dose CT protocols.
Researchers analyzed 57 tissue samples from women with uterine carcinosarcoma and found that the tumors share some genetic traits but also exhibit great diversity. This diversity makes it challenging to find effective treatments for the cancer, which has a low survival rate.
A global research team, led by NYU Langone's Jef Boeke, has built five new synthetic yeast chromosomes, replacing 30% of the organism's genetic material. The breakthrough enables the creation of designer genomes to address unmet needs in medicine and industry.
A study found that the drug everolimus protects ovaries from cyclophosphamide, a common chemotherapy used against breast cancer, which depletes egg cells needed to achieve pregnancy. Female mice treated with everolimus and chemotherapy had more than twice as many offspring as those treated with chemotherapy alone.
A team of neuroscientists has found that somatostatin-expressing (Sst) interneurons play a key role in controlling the flow of information in the brain. The researchers discovered that these cells operate like a switchboard, selectively blocking or encouraging the flow of information to help animals make informed decisions and guide th...
Researchers developed an assay to detect autoantibodies present in rheumatoid arthritis patients, finding that memory B cells secrete these molecules. The study suggests targeting these immune system cells could lead to a cure for the disease.
A new study published in Neuromodulation found that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with computer games significantly improved cognitive measures in patients with multiple sclerosis. The treatment showed greater gains in complex attention and response times compared to those who played computer games alone.
Researchers found that manipulating the fkbp5 gene, affected by dexamethasone, can prevent fearful memories and hyperarousal associated with PTSD. The study suggests using dexamethasone as a preventative treatment to reduce PTSD risk in traumatic events.
Researchers found a previously unappreciated role for Abraxane in tumor immunology, suggesting ways to improve the drug and develop new combination treatments. Nab-paclitaxel enables macrophages to switch from immune-suppressing M2 cells back into M1 cells that amplify the body's effort to kill cancer cells.
A new study has found that defects in the EMSY gene, similar to BRCA genes, spur cancer growth independently of BRCA1 and BRCA2 protection. The research suggests new treatment options for women with normal BRCA genes who develop breast and ovarian cancer.
A study led by NYU Langone researchers identified CD99, a protein-sugar molecule, as a potential therapeutic target for blood stem cell cancers like acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Antibodies against CD99 can selectively kill cancer stem cells while sparing normal blood stem cells.
Researchers studying zebrafish found that early improvements in balance emerge from growing ability to execute quick swims in response to instability. Zebrafish learn to correct movements and become more stable over time.
Scientists have found the mechanisms behind a genetic change causing related diseases like Pearson's syndrome and Kearns-Sayre syndrome. The study reveals how errors in DNA replication result in large deletions of genetic material, leading to damage and mismanaged repair attempts.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health discovered that Streptococcus pneumoniae secretes pneumolysin toxin to exploit host immune defenses. This helps the bacteria survive on human airways and exit the body, ultimately spreading to a new host.
Researchers found that KRAS mutant cancer cells form more stress granules in response to chemotherapy, making them harder to kill. A new compound target, 15-d-PGJ2, may help improve treatment outcomes by blocking this coping mechanism.
A combination of brentuximab vedotin and nivolumab has been found to be safe and effective in treating recurrent Hodgkin lymphoma, with 64% of patients experiencing significant tumor reduction. The therapy has manageable side effects and shows promise as an alternative curative regimen for relapsed disease.
A clinical trial led by NYU Langone Health found that psilocybin significantly reduces mental anguish in distressed cancer patients for months. The study showed that one-time treatment with psilocybin quickly brought relief from distress that then lasted for over six months in 80% of the participants.
A national five-year clinical trial will evaluate new treatment protocols for herpes zoster ophthalmicus, a form of shingles affecting the eye. The trial aims to reduce complications and preserve vision with longer-term suppressive antiviral medication.
A study led by NYU Langone researchers found that cellular 'cannibalism' is a common mechanism in embryonic development, where cells sacrifice unwanted contents to reproduce. This process may be vital for many cell types across evolution and has implications for understanding brain disorders and reproductive issues.
A study published in Nature Neuroscience found that nerve cells dedicated to hearing rely on surrounding context to properly interpret and react to familiar sounds. Researchers observed patterns based on a basic divide in the nature of nerve cells, with excitatory and inhibitory neurons working together to balance brain activity.
Researchers found that a manufactured version of progranulin reverses most effects of Gaucher's disease in mouse and human cell studies, including GBA accumulation. Progranulin must bind to other molecules to transport the enzyme to lysosomes.
A new report suggests that well over half of American men with non-aggressive prostate cancer could choose to monitor their disease instead of seeking immediate radiation treatment or surgery. Active surveillance relies on regular blood tests, physical exams, and periodic biopsies to screen for tumor growth before therapy is considered.
Annual exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals has a significant impact on the US healthcare system, causing over 2.3% of the country's GDP to be lost. The estimated disease burden from these chemicals is valued at $340 billion annually, with specific effects including neurological damage, infertility, and certain cancers.
A new treatment harnesses the immune system to shrink tumors in bladder cancer patients that cannot take the most effective chemotherapy. In a clinical trial, injections of pembrolizumab reduced tumor size by at least one third in 24% of patients, with six% experiencing complete responses.
A new survey found that consuming sugary drinks with combo meals increases calorie intake in children and teenagers by an average of 82 calories. The study suggests that unbundling menu options may help reduce calorie consumption and curb childhood obesity rates.
A recent study published in Cell found that gamma delta T cells prevent tumor-fighting immune cells from attacking pancreatic tumors. This infighting makes immunotherapy less effective, with only 8% of people surviving five years after diagnosis.
Researchers have identified a crucial protein complex in hematopoiesis, the process of creating healthy blood cells. MED12 mutations are linked to several cancers, including leukemia and prostate cancer. Deleting this protein complex disrupts blood cell growth and leads to cancer.
Research published in Nature Microbiology suggests that antibiotic treatment can alter the microbiome and increase the risk of developing type 1 diabetes. The study used NOD mice and found that short pulses of antibiotics increased disease incidence by 53% compared to control mice.
A new MRI technique, Plug-and-Play MR Fingerprinting (PnP-MRF), has been developed to eliminate artifacts and create high-quality images. This innovation enables accurate diagnoses and reveals disease patterns that are consistent from patient to patient, promising superior imaging with less expensive machines.
Pancreatic cancer cells use stellate cells to scavenge for energy, increasing mitochondrial metabolism and tumor cell growth. Alanine is the key fuel source that promotes tumor proliferation.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have identified a new target for preventing Alzheimer's disease, targeting the mechanism behind neural and vascular death. The study suggests that Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors may be effective in delaying symptom onset and improving quality of life for patients.
A key gene called AUF1 determines whether adult stem cells can regenerate muscle after injury and with age. The study found that mice engineered to lack the AUF1 gene showed reduced stem-cell-driven repair, leading to muscle breakdown.
A new technology called Maximum Depth Sequencing (MDS) can accurately read the order of DNA code and reveal how bacteria use high-speed evolution to defeat antibiotics. MDS also promises to enable earlier cancer diagnosis by detecting rare genetic changes in human cell populations.
A new study published in Science Translational Medicine found that the experimental drug CX546 counters the negative effects of general anesthesia on nerve signaling and learning ability in young mice. This research holds promise for preventing long-term neurocognitive deficits in children who undergo multiple surgeries requiring anest...
Researchers discovered a new signaling pathway that helps cancer cells cope with hypoxia, allowing them to thrive in low-oxygen environments. The study found that the enzyme protein-tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) regulates tumor response to hypoxia by controlling oxygen consumption, potentially leading to novel treatments.
Research found that C-sections, antibiotic use, and formula feeding slow the development and decrease diversity of a baby's microbes. The study also showed that these modern practices can lead to lower species diversity and delayed microbiota maturation in babies.
Researchers found that DNASE1L3 prevents lupus by breaking down DNA, which triggers immune cells to produce antibodies that cause inflammation. A new mechanism for biologic therapies has been discovered.
A new study at NYU Langone Health found a link between high saturated fatty acids and invasive ductal carcinoma in postmenopausal women. The research developed a novel method to measure fat composition using MRI, which could lead to greater understanding of breast cancer development.
A new study by NYU Langone Health finds that music stars' endorsement of food and beverage products are mostly unhealthy, contributing to the rising rate of childhood obesity. The researchers analyzed over 163 identified pop stars' endorsements, finding 81% of their endorsed food products were nutrient-poor.
A clinical trial shows atezolizumab, a checkpoint inhibitor, is effective in treating advanced bladder cancer, shrinking tumors and stopping new growth. The drug was well-tolerated, with mild side effects, and half of patients responded within 15 weeks.
A recent study published at ASCO found that gene dysregulation causes immune T cells to turn back to an immature state, making them less effective against metastatic melanoma. The researchers discovered over 60 epigenetic changes and 10 changes in gene activity that were most common among patients who didn't respond to immunotherapy.
Researchers found that a specific type of calcium-based signal regulates the production of immune cells that drive and ramp down the body's massive reaction to invading organisms. The study suggests that fine-tuning calcium signals may enhance immune responses to influenza vaccines and treat chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
A study published in Science reveals that a molecule called ppGpp enables bacteria to repair damage to their DNA, including that caused by antibiotics. Adjusting the action of ppGpp may make bacteria more vulnerable to existing antibiotics, potentially yielding future solutions for antibiotic resistance and degenerative diseases.
Long-term AA members who recited AA prayers after viewing drinking-related images reported less craving for alcohol than those who just read a newspaper. Brain activity increased in areas responsible for attention and emotion, suggesting an innate ability to minimize the effect of alcohol triggers.
A large analysis of medical records in Sweden found that men taking testosterone therapy for over a year had no increased risk of prostate cancer and, in fact, had their risk reduced by 50 percent. The study's findings suggest that balancing testosterone levels within a normal range may be key to protecting against aggressive disease.
Researchers identified four previously unknown genetic conditions within schizophrenia, each with distinct symptoms and disease features. The study provides a framework for finding influential genes across complex genetic diseases, enabling more precise treatment design.