Scientists at Salk Institute identify gene DIXDC1 that stops cancer cells from spreading, opening new avenues for treating aggressive lung and other cancers. The discovery provides hope for patients with limited treatment options.
A single injection of FGF1 protein restores blood sugar levels to a healthy range for over two days, reversing insulin insensitivity and the underlying cause of diabetes. This breakthrough discovery offers a new method to control glucose with a safer and more effective treatment.
Researchers have found that using gene-editing techniques on stem cells does not increase the overall occurrence of mutations, easing previous safety concerns. The study's results were published in the journal Cell Stem Cell and provide new hope for the development of therapies for genetic diseases.
A new study finds that stem cells created by moving genetic material from a skin cell into an empty egg cell more closely resemble human embryonic stem cells than traditionally induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. The method, known as nuclear transfer, results in cells with fewer reprogramming issues and better gene expression patterns.
Ronald M. Evans, director of the Gene Expression Laboratory at Salk Institute, is one of three scientists chosen for The Lustgarten Foundation's Distinguished Scholars program to focus on finding a cure for pancreatic cancer. He will expand his research on Vitamin D therapies using clinical trials in patients.
Researchers have discovered a pair of genes that regulate eating schedules in sync with daily sleep rhythms, and mutations in one of these genes may play a role in night eating syndrome. In mice with mutations, eating patterns are shifted, leading to unusual mealtimes and weight gain.
Researchers at the Salk Institute used stem cells to study neural function in people with schizophrenia, finding unusual activity in early developmental stages that may lead to diagnostic tests. The study suggests that events during pregnancy could contribute to the disease.
Researchers have isolated and grown breast tissue stem cells in the lab, allowing them to study both breast development and cancer. The study found that CRIPTO and GRP78 are crucial for maintaining stem cell populations, and targeting these proteins could halt or slow cancer growth.
Researchers identified key neurons in the spinal cord responsible for controlling rhythmic walking movements. V2b interneurons were found to be essential for flexor-extensor alternation, a fundamental component of locomotion.
Researchers at Salk Institute develop a new model of memory that explains how neurons retain select memories hours after an event. The framework bridges findings from both molecular and systems observations, predicting which memories are recorded based on spatial positioning of proteins.
Researchers at the Salk Institute discovered that BRCA1 plays a crucial role in creating healthy brains in mice, potentially explaining why some women with breast cancer experience brain seizures. The study found that eliminating BRCA1 led to significant neural damage and abnormalities in brain development.
Researchers at the Salk Institute created a new approach to determine the structure of key cellular receptors using artificial amino acids, revealing crucial details about their binding pockets. This breakthrough could aid in designing drugs that target diseases such as diabetes and osteoporosis.
Researchers at Salk Institute create three-dimensional kidney structures from human stem cells, offering new avenues for studying kidney development and diseases. The breakthrough may lead to the discovery of new drugs targeting human kidney cells.
Researchers at Salk Institute discovered a patchwork of genetic variation in individual brain neurons, contrary to the long-held belief that each cell possesses identical DNA code. The study found that up to 41% of neurons have unique, massive copy number variations (CNVs) that arose spontaneously.
Scientists created induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from chimpanzee and bonobo skin cells to compare with human iPSCs. They found differences in the regulation of jumping genes, which may have shaped the evolution of their genomes.
Researchers at Salk Institute create technique to activate proteins in brain using light, allowing precise control over neuronal activity and enabling study of specific proteins. The method expands genetic code of mammals and opens possibilities for optically regulating protein modifications and interactions.
Researchers at Salk Institute use salt-sniffing roundworms to show how the nervous system processes sensory information, revealing a complex interplay between neurons and signaling molecules. Insulin is identified as a key player in mediating this process, acting rapidly to transfer information from one neuron to another.
Researchers found that amyloid beta stimulates Alpha7 nicotinic receptors, triggering astrocytes to release glutamate and overwhelming synapses. A newly modified Alzheimer's drug may block this destructive pathway.
A study published in Cell identifies a subset of proteins in the brain that persist for longer than a year, potentially revealing the molecular basis of aging. These long-lived proteins are thought to be the 'weakest link' in the aging proteome and may play a role in cellular aging.
A new model system developed by Salk researchers completes the bridge between cellular and human studies of schizophrenia, enabling faster development of therapeutics. The model uses non-invasive scalp EEGs to detect brain activity, providing insights into sensory integration and neurotransmitter function.
A new molecule selectively blocks specialized light-sensitive receptors in the eyes, which could help treat migraines and potentially other disorders of the central nervous system. The drug also showed no interaction with rhodopsin or other opsins, making it a promising lead for research and potential clinical applications.
Scientists at Salk Institute find that enveloped viruses use phosphatidylserine to activate TAM receptors, disabling the interferon response and allowing infection. This discovery may lead to novel antiviral therapies that target this mechanism.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have developed a new tool for protein engineering by adding strong, unbreakable bonds between two points in a protein or between two proteins. This technique enables the design of novel drugs, imaging agents, and molecules that aid basic research.
Kuo-Fen Lee's discovery of the protein P45 provides insight into a possible molecular mechanism to promote rerouting for spinal cord healing and functional recovery. P45 has been shown to have a previously unknown neuroprotective effect, preventing cell death in injured mice.
Researchers at the Salk Institute found that altering cortical layout can produce significant changes in connected brain regions, potentially underlying neural developmental problems. This discovery provides insights into the development of autism and other neural disorders.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have developed a more versatile method for creating induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), which can be tailored to individual patients. By adjusting the balance of genes required for differentiation, scientists can create iPSCs with greater flexibility and potential for clinical application.
A team of scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies has identified a critical pathway in cell cycle control that, when disrupted, leads to cancer cell proliferation. Shortened telomeres, which occur with cellular aging, activate a DNA damage response that arrests cell growth.
A team of scientists at the Salk Institute found that disrupted micronuclei, which can trigger massive DNA damage on chromosomes, might play an active role in carcinogenesis. They also identified biomarkers to detect these structures, suggesting a new tool for cancer diagnosis.
A new study by Salk scientists reveals that the landscape of DNA methylation in brain cells is highly dynamic during brain circuitry formation, helping to understand how information in the genome is controlled from fetal development to adulthood. The discovery opens a deeper understanding of how intricate patterns of connectivity in th...
Two Salk studies reveal that neurons in area V4 of the visual cortex exhibit trade-offs between stimulus complexity and translation invariance. This challenges the existing understanding of neural processing, with implications for building more advanced computer systems and developing therapies for visual disorders.
Scientists at Salk Institute and Gladstone Institutes developed a high-resolution mapping technique to uncover the underlying circuit architecture of the brain. The study found that specific brain regions connect to each other in distinct ways, offering new insights into how these connections influence brain function.
The brain develops sensory regions through a combination of genetic and thalamic input. Thalamic input is essential for the differentiation of visual areas, contradicting previous dogma that genetics alone determine cortical architecture.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover that protein TGF-β can promote cancer growth and survival in premalignant cells, offering hope for new treatment methods. The study's findings suggest that novel treatments may be able to halt cancer development in these cells.
Scientists found that mice lost 85% of their hair when treated with radiation in the morning, compared to a 17% loss in the evening. This discovery suggests that delivering cancer radiotherapy later in the day may reduce hair loss.
A collaborative study reveals how modifications in key epigenetic markers influence human embryonic stem cells as they differentiate into specialized cells. The findings provide insights into processes during early human development and tissue formation.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have identified TR4 as a protein that drives the formation of pituitary tumors in Cushing's disease, which could lead to a new therapeutic approach for this potentially life-threatening disorder. The study found that targeting this pathway could benefit treatment of CD.
Researchers at the Salk Institute discovered that burning plants create chemical messages in soil that stimulate dormant seeds to grow, explaining a fundamental ecological mystery. The findings may aid in developing plant varieties that help restore ecosystems.
Scientists at the Salk Institute have discovered that a synthetic form of vitamin D can deactivate the switch governing fibrotic response in mouse liver cells, suggesting a potential new therapy for fibrotic diseases. This finding could lead to the development of a safer and more effective treatment for liver fibrosis.
Researchers propose that the brain automatically assesses its environment, making trade-offs in resource allocation. This adaptation process can lead to improved sensitivity for one stimulus at the expense of another.
Researchers discovered that plant epigenomes are as varied as the environments in which they grow, enabling rapid adaptation. This knowledge may aid in crop production and the study of human diseases.
Scientists at Salk Institute have discovered a new way for plants to coordinate their growth by sharing chemical messages, overturning conventional views of metabolic regulation. This finding has implications for breeding better crops and treating metabolic diseases.
Researchers share code for Amazon Cloud that significantly reduces time necessary to process super-resolution images, enabling biologists to study molecular machines like proteins and enzymes in greater detail. The method saves over a week's worth of time, making it possible to analyze data within hours instead of days.
Researchers found that phenformin, a derivative of metformin, decreased tumor size and increased survival in mice with advanced stage lung tumors lacking LKB1 gene. Early treatment with phenformin causes slower tumor progression and increased survival for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
Researchers used advanced microscopy to track telomere movement in real-time throughout the cell cycle, finding they move to the outer edge of the nucleus after duplication. This reorganization may help maintain correct gene expression profiles and influence aging and cancer development.
Researchers found that chromatin, a protein complex, regulates genes in the liver to sync with circadian cycles. The study suggests connections between dietary schedules and chronic diseases, such as high blood sugar and cholesterol.
Researchers at the Salk Institute developed a new technique called indirect lineage conversion (ILC), which allows for faster and safer production of stem cells. ILC reduces production time by over half, from two months to two weeks, and increases cell yields, making it a promising step towards regenerative medicine therapies.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover diabetes increases amyloid beta and tau protein levels, leading to accelerated brain aging. The study suggests the neurovascular system as a potential therapeutic target for early-stage Alzheimer's treatment.
Researchers at the Salk Institute have discovered that glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) can originate from cortical neurons, challenging previous assumptions about its origins. This finding suggests potential new targets to treat these deadly brain tumors and may help slow progression and recurrence.
Salk scientists pinpointed damage to neural stem cells, specifically deformed nuclear envelopes, leading to neuronal loss and dysfunction in Parkinson's patients. The discovery may lead to new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches, including targeted gene-editing technologies.
Researchers at Salk Institute discovered adenovirus proteins that hijack cell machinery, including growth and replication. E4-ORF3 protein assembles into polymers that capture tumor suppressors and silence genes, providing a new avenue for cancer therapies.