Researchers found that male broad-horned flour beetles selectively bred for shorter loser effects still didn't improve their fighting prowess. The study suggests a disconnect between the duration of the loser effect and actual fighting ability, with animals using past experience to decide whether to engage in behavior.
Researchers found that shore crabs from mudflats closely match the appearance of the mud they live on, while those in rock pools rely on high-contrast patterns to break up their outline. This study contributes to understanding why shore crabs are so diverse.
A systematic review found CBT to be effective in improving the mental health of children with long-term physical conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, chronic pain, and epilepsy. The study also highlighted the importance of building supportive relationships and considering a range of needs in treatment plans.
A study by University of Exeter scientists found that older male crickets are more attractive to females, leading to successful pairings, but they mate less frequently once paired. The researchers also discovered no relationship between a male's age at mating and offspring production.
Scientists agree on the need to address wolf-dog hybridization but are divided on its management, threatening Europe's wolves. The study highlights the importance of educating people about the impact of free-roaming dogs and removing hybrids from small wild populations.
Research reveals that insulin-producing beta cells can change their function in diabetes, producing somatostatin instead of insulin. This change may be reversible with the restoration of normal environment or chemical treatment. The study provides new insights into the effects of high blood sugar on hormone-producing cells.
Researchers found that granting access to sanitary products alone is insufficient to improve well-being. Interventions should focus on knowledge, social support, and reducing negative attitudes towards menstruation.
Researchers found that older adults who regularly participate in word and number puzzles have improved brain function, particularly in attention, reasoning, and memory. The study suggests that engaging with these puzzles can lead to cognitive improvements equivalent to a decade younger in age.
A leading scientist proposes five rules to tackle antibiotic resistance, including protecting new drugs and using diverse antimicrobials. The World Health Organisation warns of a post-antibiotic era, and the study aims to provide a roadmap for integrated microbial management.
Researchers found that robopets increase social interaction among residents, family members, and staff, promoting conversation and stimulating memories. The robotic animals also offer comfort and joy to those who interact with them.
A new study suggests that Facebook algorithms can lead to different results from the same advertising spend, creating new inequalities in online campaigning. Researchers argue that existing regulations need to be updated to capture the true extent of political spending on social media platforms.
Research reveals that cancer risk assessment tools are being widely underused by UK GPs, with only half of those with access using them. The study's findings highlight the need for improved training and integration of these tools into consultations to improve cancer diagnosis and survival rates.
Researchers found that paired jackdaws use less energy in flight, but the existence of pairs inhibits the way information passes between birds, reducing the flock's ability to react to disturbances. This challenges current models of collective behavior in nature.
New research shows that climate change has increased the risk of Black Sigatoka disease in banana crops by over 44% since the 1960s. The fungus spreads via aerial spores and can reduce fruit production by up to 80%.
The largest study of its kind has identified 190 links between genetic code and birth weight, with two-thirds being discovered for the first time. Both maternal and fetal genetic effects play a role in influencing birth weight, with some genes promoting growth while others restrict it.
A study by the University of Exeter found that 38% of patients with type 1 diabetes over 30 were initially treated as type 2. Half of those misdiagnosed remained so 13 years later. Insulin treatment is crucial for type 1 diabetes diagnosis.
A new study from the University of Exeter Medical School found that using characteristics such as weight and age at diagnosis can help select the best diabetes drug for individuals. This approach is more effective than previous models, which divide adults with diabetes into subgroups.
According to a new study, managers with empathy, integrity, and trustworthiness see increased productivity and positive team dynamics. Servant leaders prioritize staff development, creating loyal and empowered teams.
A study found that people tend to penalize those who give smaller cash amounts to charity in real terms, without realizing they actually gave more as a proportion of their income. However, when made aware of others' incomes, participants shifted their behavior and penalized the rich for giving less in real terms.
A study of 29 waterways in 10 countries revealed more than 100 pesticides, including 24 unlicensed for EU use. The highest levels were found in a Belgian canal with 70 pesticides, contaminating every screened river and canal.
A study of autistic adults reveals that traits associated with autism can be both beneficial and burdensome. The research found that autistic individuals often possess exceptional memory, attention to detail, and creative abilities, making them highly focused and tenacious. However, these same traits can also cause anxiety or exhaustion.
A study published in Nature Communications has found 47 links between the genetic code and sleep quality, quantity, and timing. The research team identified a gene called PDE11A as affecting not only sleep duration but also quality, with variants impacting sleep measures.
Researchers found that complex artefacts don't necessarily prove human ancestors had sophisticated reasoning, but rather an accumulation of improvements made across generations. The study used chains of volunteers to tackle engineering problems and showed that understanding was not necessary for improvement.
A recent study published in the Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology reveals that employees need to feel their boss is important to foster loyalty. The research found that a good working relationship alone may not be enough to build trust, emphasizing the importance of perceived manager importance in employee motivation.
A team of scientists developed an approach to reduce uncertainties in future climate change by analyzing collective climate model projections. They found that certain aspects of the current climate are most related to differences in the future climate, and measurements can be used to select out the most likely future climates.
Researchers found that around half of all British farms were connected to more than 1,000 other farms per year when buying in cattle, and two-thirds were connected to over 1,000 farms when selling. This extensive network of contact chains can help identify potential routes for disease spread and inform control strategies.
Researchers developed a new method of moving microscopic objects using micro-robotics, allowing for high-resolution sorting and imaging. The technique uses fluid flow to pinpoint specific particles without affecting others nearby.
Researchers developed a simple and inexpensive way to measure C-peptide, allowing clinicians to accurately diagnose type of diabetes and tailor treatment. The test has been used on over 750 patients with Type 1 diabetes diagnosis and shown that some have other types of diabetes, enabling them to stop insulin treatment.
A new study published in JAMA found that nutritional supplements do not prevent depression, but lifestyle coaching to improve diet and eating behavior may reduce the risk. Participants who received a healthy dietary behavioral therapy experienced a reduction in depressive episodes when attending recommended sessions.
A simple method to measure continuity of care has been developed, showing benefits for patients, including lower mortality rates. The new St Leonards Index tracks continuity on a monthly basis in practices with personal patient list systems, aiming to help GPs improve continuity and patient care.
Research from the University of Exeter suggests anxiety is a factor in poor school attendance among children and young people. The study found a surprising association between truancy and anxiety, as well as the expected link between anxiety and school refusal.
Researchers from the University of Exeter found that lion killing by Maasai farmers increases when lions are identified as culprits of livestock death. This study challenges the common belief that lion killing is a retributive act caused by general loss of livestock.
A genetic discovery identifies a gene mutation allowing clinicians to tailor alternative treatments to patients at risk of thiopurine-induced bone marrow suppression. The test could reduce risks and costs associated with IBD treatment.
Research highlights unique animal cultural knowledge that benefits conservation, with insights into species-specific behaviors and social learning processes. Protecting 'social capital' by considering cultural diversity may be crucial for wildlife resilience and adaptation.
The study found that Britain's native mammalian carnivores have largely recovered since the 1960s, with otters, badgers, and pine martens showing significant improvements. The species' recovery is attributed to legal protection, conservation, and restoration of habitats.
A new study shows that banded mongoose pups who receive consistent care in their first three months of life have a life-long advantage, including increased fitness and reproductive success. This 'silver spoon effect' is particularly beneficial for female pups, with more care leading to higher reproductive success.
A new study found that marine wildlife near coral reefs respond differently to climate change events depending on their distance from the mainland. Surveys of fish and coral habitats showed an increase in herbivorous species in middle- and outer-shelf reefs after severe environmental disturbances, but not near the coast.
A study by the University of Exeter found that people are 25% more likely to give more to charity if they make a commitment before receiving an unexpected cash windfall. Participants who were asked to donate before learning about their lottery win were also 23% more generous.
A new study by the University of Exeter found that men and women value ecosystem services differently, with implications for sustainable development goals. The research, led by Professor Katrina Brown, identified how cultural and traditional gender roles influence resource use and management.
Researchers have developed a new technique to simultaneously measure blood clotting and the formation of free radicals, shedding light on their role in blood vessel damage and disease development. The discovery could lead to better treatments for conditions like heart disease, stroke, and vascular dementia.
Research finds less than a third of world's Key Biodiversity Areas have pristine night skies, while over half are under artificially bright skies. This study highlights the significant impact of light pollution on ecosystems, causing changes in species behavior and ecosystem cycles.
Long-term MDMA users display increased empathy and better emotional understanding than those using other drugs, challenging previous suggestions of heightened social distress.
Researchers found that self-compassion exercises calmed the heart rate and reduced stress responses in healthy individuals. This approach has been linked to improved mental health outcomes and may be beneficial for people with depression. Future studies aim to investigate this method further.
Researchers from the University of Exeter have developed a new graphene biosensor that can detect molecules of common lung cancer biomarkers. The device has the potential to revolutionize existing electronic nose devices and provide an early-stage lung cancer diagnosis through a convenient and reusable breath test.
A new study reveals that microplastics have been ingested by every marine mammal examined, with synthetic fibers being the primary source. The findings suggest that while the number of particles is relatively low, more research is needed to understand the potential impacts on animal health.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have discovered endangered hammerhead and dogfish species being sold as food in UK chip shops, highlighting a need for more accurate labelling. The study also found that consumers may unknowingly purchase threatened shark species, posing health risks and contributing to declining shark populations.
A large-scale genomic analysis reveals the inner workings of the body clock and its link to mental health and disease. Being genetically programmed to rise early may lead to greater well-being and a lower risk of schizophrenia and depression, while morning people are found to have lower risk
A study of over 800 patients with laryngeal cancer found a significant risk of the disease associated with persistent sore throats combined with other symptoms. The research aims to improve early detection and treatment outcomes for cancer patients.
Dr Clare Dobbs' research will focus on the formation and evolution of young massive star clusters, a crucial aspect of understanding galaxy formation. The five-year project aims to tackle the puzzle of how stars develop in densely packed regions of space.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have developed a new technique to embed high-K dielectrics into van der Waals heterostructures, allowing for improved performance and added functionalities. This innovation paves the way for a new generation of flexible electronic components.