The Journal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care (JANAC) marks 40 years of nursing science in HIV/AIDS, highlighting lessons learned and ways forward. Nurse researchers lead the way in improving HIV prevention and patient care, particularly for women and minority populations.
Researchers found that dermal fillers can produce local lifting effects in areas like the forehead and temple, with combined injection techniques offering larger benefits. The study's findings broaden the applicability of facial injectables to achieve local and regional lifting effects.
A diet high in pro-inflammatory foods may be associated with increased odds of developing testosterone deficiency among men. Men who consume refined carbohydrates and sugar, as well as polyunsaturated fats, are more likely to experience low libido, decreased energy, and depression.
A recent study found that it will take over 200 years for women to reach parity in orthopaedic surgery, highlighting the need for substantial changes across education and leadership levels. The research emphasizes the importance of increasing representation of women in medical schools, residency programs, and subspecialty societies.
The Society of Anesthesia and Sleep Medicine celebrates its first decade of research achievements in the common ground between sleep and anesthesia. Studies examine the outcomes of patients with undiagnosed sleep disorders or breathing issues undergoing surgery, highlighting the potential for treating perioperative periods as opportuni...
A large US study found that critically ill COVID-19 patients treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) have a significantly lower risk of death compared to initial studies. The study analyzed outcomes of over 11,000 patients and found that ECMO treatment resulted in an overall in-hospital mortality rate of 45.9%.
A study of over 367,000 spinal fusion procedures found that hospital rankings based on complication rates are unreliable, as rankability is consistently low. The metric's ability to compare complication rates between hospitals varies depending on the year and volume of procedures performed.
A study published in Spine found that patients with cannabis use disorder undergoing spinal surgery experienced higher complication rates, including stroke, respiratory issues, and prolonged hospital stays. Chronic cannabis users were also more likely to require rehabilitation facilities upon discharge.
A study published in the Journal of Public Health Management and Practice finds that the number of preventive medicine physicians is not likely to match population needs in the US. The specialty is aging, with nearly half of physicians over 60 years old, and new trainees are scarce.
Researchers found that fat grafting procedures can reduce pain and improve skin health in patients with radiation-induced skin injury, leading to better outcomes and improved quality of life. However, more research is needed to confirm the benefits and address potential risks.
A study found that nearly 20% of patients with antibiotic-loaded spacers and IV antibiotics developed acute kidney injury, with those with preexisting chronic kidney disease at highest risk. The study identified several risk factors for AKI, including high doses of antibiotics and certain heart rhythm disorders.
A comprehensive review of past decade research found limited evidence to encourage MOM feedings in Black and Hispanic preterm infants. The study recommends targeted, culturally sensitive lactation support interventions to address racial/ethnic disparities in breast milk expression.
A randomized trial of telemedicine versus office-based follow-up after arthroscopic meniscal surgery found equivalent patient satisfaction scores between the two groups. Patients using telemedicine for postoperative follow-up had similar pain scores and complication rates as those making in-person visits.
A study of nearly 35,000 participants found that financial strain is a significant predictor of future homelessness, with severe mental illness also being a major risk factor. The research suggests that addressing financial well-being could be a key component in preventing homelessness.
Research on opioid use among Black people is scarce due to historical exclusion and underrepresentation. The review identifies key disparities in overdose risk, treatment access, and prescription opioid use, emphasizing the importance of culturally informed care.
The new ELSO guidelines provide a practical guide to implementing ECPR and early management following establishment of ECMO support. Children undergoing ECPR generally have better survival rates than adults, but long-term outcomes are limited.
A qualitative study found that women veterans prioritize connection with others to recover from a suicide attempt, while men focus on trying to 'live right' and feeling needed. Both groups desire a stronger sense of purpose and structure in their lives.
Research suggests that only a small fraction of violent acts are attributable to mental illness, with most perpetrators not having a diagnosable mental illness. The special issue articles review treatments to prevent violence, violence against family members, risk assessment, mass shooting events, and gun violence prevention.
A study suggests that a change in vasectomy guidelines has resulted in fewer repeat semen analyses, potentially reducing unnecessary tests and costs. The updated guideline recommended less stringent criteria for confirming the success of vasectomy.
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, trauma centers developed innovative processes to optimize use of personal protective equipment, ICU beds, and ventilators. These measures enabled the provision of critical trauma services while protecting healthcare teams.
A study published in Medical Care found that the mean doctor visit lasts 18 minutes, while the median is 15 minutes. The actual time spent with patients deviates from the schedule for over two-thirds of visits, with shorter appointments often running over and longer ones ending early.
In response to the emerging COVID-19 pandemic, Bay Area public health officials issued the first U.S. regional shelter-in-place order in mid-March 2020. They share their experience on crisis decision-making approach, including meta-leadership and decision intelligence, which improved routine team decisions.
A study of 514 men undergoing active surveillance for early-stage prostate cancer found that those with negative biopsies had more favorable clinical characteristics and excellent long-term outcomes. Negative biopsies indicated low-volume disease with lower rates of disease progression, supporting continued active surveillance.
A comprehensive review synthesizes neurobiology of mindfulness, motivation, and learning to explain how MBIs promote behavior change. Mindfulness training increases interoceptive awareness, allowing patients to recognize and respond to negative thought patterns and cultivate self-compassion.
A recent study found that men undergoing active surveillance for low-risk and intermediate-risk prostate cancer have very low rates of cancer spread and death from prostate cancer. The study analyzed 1,450 patients and identified three factors that affect the risk of metastases: Gleason grade, PSA velocity, and multiparametric MRI.
A new rapid test has shown solid diagnostic performance in distinguishing between patients with and without periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), a serious complication of total joint replacement. The test, which measures alpha-defensin levels in synovial fluid, achieved high sensitivity and specificity rates.
A lack of recommended sleep can lead to poor athletic performance, as well as increased risk of injury and illness in young athletes. The study emphasizes the importance of adequate sleep for youth athletes to perform at their best.
The use of brain magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown promise in treating depression, PTSD, and cognitive issues in military populations, but the effectiveness remains unclear. A review of nine clinical trials found mixed results, with some studies showing improvement while others found no benefit.
A new sex education program for Muslim teens, Sex Education in the Mosque, has been developed to address HIV prevention and promote abstinence. The program, grounded in Islamic teachings, showed significant gains in knowledge and positive attitudes among adolescent participants.
A survey report in the Journal of Healthcare Management finds that women executives are less likely to see employers as gender-neutral in hiring and promotion. The results show little improvement in these outcomes since 1990, highlighting a persistent gap between men's and women's perceptions of healthcare workplaces.
A recent study found that COVID-19-related interruptions in rehabilitation care for women with breast cancer led to increased emotional distress and reduced physical activity. The study, published in Rehabilitation Oncology, surveyed 15 breast cancer survivors who experienced cancelled appointments due to the pandemic.
Cryoablation, a less-invasive treatment technique, offers a promising alternative to surgery for prostate cancer control. According to the study, cryoablation provided a high rate of effective prostate cancer control in 82% of patients at 18-month follow-up.
A new study reveals that surgical treatment of breast asymmetry in young women yields significant and sustained improvements in psychosocial quality of life. The procedure corrected severe breast asymmetry, averaging two cup sizes difference between breasts, and led to notable enhancements in self-esteem, social functioning, and emotio...
Researchers found that patients with typical patterns on pain sketches had better outcomes after migraine surgery, while those with atypical patterns saw less improvement. The study highlights the potential value of pain drawings as a tool to select candidates for surgery.
A survey of 250 women orthopaedic surgeons found that 68% reported experiencing sexual harassment during their training, with common types including obscene images, unwanted touching, and invitations. Despite efforts to recruit more women and increase leadership positions, the problem persists, emphasizing the need for targeted trainin...
A study analyzing county and ZIP code-level data reveals consistently higher rates of COVID-19 illness and death among people living in more-disadvantaged communities. The analysis also showed that counties with higher percentages of poverty, crowding, and people of color had significantly higher COVID-19 death rates.
A study published in Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma found that Medicare reimbursement for common orthopedic trauma procedures has decreased by 30% over the past two decades. This decline is largely due to inflation adjustments, with costs increasing by 52.8% but average reimbursement rising only 4.9%.
A study reveals that structural and systemic racism significantly impact HIV care for Black women in the US South, leading to decreased trust in healthcare providers and systems. The findings highlight the need for addressing mistrust issues and empowering patients through effective communication and community-based interventions.
A five-part series outlines a therapeutic risk management approach for assessing and managing the risk of 'other-directed violence' in patients with psychiatric disorders. The approach focuses on five essential elements: screening, assessment, and management of the risk of ODV.
Digital phenotyping approaches combine smartphone data analysis and machine learning to monitor patients with psychosis spectrum illnesses. Researchers identified promising tools for care improvement, calling for larger studies and expanded efforts in early diagnosis and treatment.
During the pandemic, an online urology lecture series has provided invaluable training opportunities for resident physicians, with thousands of views and overwhelmingly positive reviews. The multi-institutional collaboration, Urology COViD, has been a smashing success, offering a sense of community connectedness during social isolation.
A new US study finds that HIFU provides adequate control of prostate cancer while avoiding significant side effects, with nearly 90% of men able to avoid or delay radical treatment. The non-invasive therapy also preserves sexual function and urinary symptoms, with no serious complications reported.
A study found that patients with Medicaid expansion plans receive joint replacement surgery significantly faster than those without, highlighting an unmet need. The results suggest a 'surge in demand' rather than gradual increase, and policymakers must consider access to care.
A new study shows that implant-based breast reconstruction remains stable for both aesthetic and patient-reported outcomes over a 12-year follow-up period. The research contradicts conventional wisdom among surgeons, suggesting that women can expect long-lasting results from this procedure.
The COVID-19 pandemic has sparked accelerated innovation in healthcare, particularly through the implementation of digital health capabilities. Montefiore Health System's 'creative destruction' approach led to rapid development of AI-based chatbots, telehealth solutions, and real-time performance management.
A new study found that labiaplasty significantly improves physical symptoms such as tugging and pain during exercise, while also boosting self-esteem and intimacy. The procedure reduces visible signs of excess vaginal tissue, leading to improved quality of life for women.
A systematic review of automated patient monitoring systems (PMSs) found that they can improve sepsis recognition and treatment in some studies, but the overall evidence is mixed. In total, 12 studies provided data on patient outcomes, with six showing reduced mortality rates.
The American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM) has published a set of general guidelines for safely returning to work during the COVID-19 pandemic. The guidelines address various aspects, including clinical manifestations of COVID-19, developing a successful return-to-work policy, and industry-specific guidance.
A study found that yoga, tai chi, and meditation improve overall physical and mental health, reducing perceived stress. Veterans reported using 14 different CIH therapies, with yoga being the most popular.
Expert panel recommends criteria for resumeing elective orthopedic surgery, including local COVID-19 trends and personal protective equipment availability. Guidelines also emphasize patient education, social distancing, and postoperative safeguards.