Research on making sense of scientific and medical data. Covers AI error-correction, single-cell search engines, optical computing, and measurement reliability.
Approximately 1 in 5 adolescents had major depressive disorder, with less than half receiving mental health treatment. Racial and ethnic minority groups, particularly Latinx, experienced the lowest treatment rates.
Research in Seattle's Democracy Vouchers program found a significant increase in voter turnout, with candidates relying more on small contributions. The study suggests that public financing programs can help address problems of low voter turnout and disproportionate influence of big donors.
The estimated ADHD prevalence among children and adolescents in the US was 10.08% to 10.47% from 2017 to 2022, similar to previous estimates. No significant annual change in prevalence was found during this period.
A randomized clinical trial found that early metformin treatment did not improve insulin initiation or fasting glucose levels in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Further investigation into larger trials is warranted based on prespecified secondary outcome data.
A scoping review found that surgical scorecards can lower surgical procedure expenses by providing surgeons with direct feedback on their costs. The study analyzed data from 21 studies and identified key elements such as surgical supplies and operative time, revealing no significant impact on patient outcomes.
A recent study published in Journal of Advertising sheds light on the effects of in-stream video advertising on ad information encoding. The research found that mid-roll ads elicit negative emotions but do not affect viewers' purchase intention. In contrast, pre- and post-roll ads have a significant impact on memory formation, highligh...
A new study found that only a third of US adults were able to achieve complete financial independence from their parents. Instead, most people fall into one of six categories of intergenerational support pathways, which are influenced by race, education level, and other social factors.
The UMass Amherst-UT Austin team has been awarded $27.5 million by the CDC to establish the nation's first disease outbreak response and modeling network. The $250 million program will support decision makers during public health emergencies like COVID-19.
A study found that school-based health centers (SBHCs) can improve access to care for low-income students. SBHCs were also associated with a reduction in income-based health disparities, supporting their expansion as a solution.
A study from the Complexity Science Hub reveals that rare shops and services in urban locations can bring people of different socio-economic backgrounds together. Researchers found that neighborhoods offering a range of unique amenities, like zoos or cinemas, tend to attract more diverse audiences. This understanding can inform policy ...
A large-scale study analyzing data from 197 million people has generated background incidence rates on conditions such as myocarditis, pulmonary embolism, and Guillain-Barré syndrome for COVID-19 vaccine safety monitoring. The findings provide important data for investigating reports of medical events following vaccination.
Researchers analyzed Wikipedia's CRISPR-related articles to understand the site's role in documenting scientific history. The study found that Wikipedia's content reflects global conversations on cutting-edge technologies like CRISPR.
A meta-analysis of 34,000 older adults found that antihypertensive treatment decreased dementia risk compared to untreated hypertension. Individuals with treated hypertension had no increased risk of dementia.
A large study found that more time spent in sedentary behaviors was significantly associated with a higher incidence of all-cause dementia among older adults. The study, which included 49,000 adults aged 60 or older, suggests a potential causal link between sedentary behavior and dementia risk.
Researchers at UCSF Health found a way to help teens adjust to their natural sleep-cycle rhythms while fulfilling school responsibilities. The Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention showed significant improvements in depression symptoms, especially among night-owl adolescents.
A new Danish study measured nitrous oxide emissions from fertilizer materials in spring barley, finding that commercial fertilizers emit less N2O than previously assumed. Organic fertilizers, including livestock manure and digestates, emitted more N2O on average.
Researchers analyzed data from 220,935 injured mountain bikers and 17,757 injured hikers to find the injury types and affected body areas. Most reported injuries were of low severity, primarily affecting upper limbs in mountain bikers and legs and ankles in hikers.
Researchers study impact, risks of internet-connected dairy technology on farmers and consumers, highlighting potential data breaches and unwanted online access. The two-year study aims to enhance awareness of data privacy and security concerns in PDM systems and assess their threat level.
Fish oil supplements often make health claims without sufficient trial data, leading to potential variability in safety and efficacy due to differing doses of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. The study highlights the need for more rigorous regulation of these products.
The University of Missouri is launching a five-year, $3 million doctoral training program to prepare the next generation of scientists and engineers for emerging fields like materials science and data science. The program aims to empower future workers with both technical expertise and data-driven insights.
A new study from Texas A&M University finds a correlation between secondhand smoke exposure and higher blood lead levels in children. The research suggests that education and mitigation efforts can further protect kids and adolescents from lead exposure, building on past success of lead removal initiatives.
Scientists created a unique data process that provides valuable insights into how drugs are processed in the body and their impact on biochemical responses. The approach reveals detailed maps of drug transformation and allows for simultaneous discovery of fate and effects.
A Washington State University-led study found that dry lightning can cause wildfires despite up to 7.7 mm of precipitation, posing a risk for responders to detect fires earlier. The research analyzed data on over 4,600 naturally caused fires and found holdover fires, which can smolder for days before exploding into full-blown wildfires.
Approximately 1 in 5 adults with past-year opioid use disorder received medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), highlighting disparities in uptake. MOUD disparities affect Black adults, women, unemployed individuals, and those in nonmetropolitan areas.
A Swansea University-led study found that Welsh breastfeeding rates increased during the pandemic, with a significant correlation between mothers' intention to breastfeed and exclusive breastfeeding duration. The study proposes targeted interventions during pregnancy and policies to support families to improve breastfeeding duration.
A new study by MU researcher Roy Thompson found that immigrant nurses in long-term care facilities often have more 'human capital' than their American-born counterparts, including language skills and additional certifications. This diversity can improve patient health outcomes and create a more equitable workforce.
Researchers found a positive and significant ripple effect of firm-generated content on movie sales. This effect is indirectly driven by user-generated content that spreads through social media word of mouth. Firms can improve marketing efforts by sparking conversations among followers with hashtags and creative posts.
A new study uses machine learning to analyze data from DrugAge, a database of chemical compounds modulating lifespan in model organisms. The researchers create four types of datasets to predict whether or not a compound extends the lifespan of C. elegans, using features such as compound-protein interactions and Gene Ontology terms.
The Multi-frame Moving Object Detection System enhances remote sensing applications by detecting objects as small as one pixel in low-visibility conditions. It improves signal-to-noise ratio and detects fast- and slow-moving objects with high accuracy.
The study found a steady increase in diagnosed learning disability prevalence among US children and adolescents over two decades, with 8.83% of children ages 6-17 affected between 1997 and 2021. This chronic condition affects about 9 in 100 overall, highlighting its significant impact on the US population.
A global study found that wildlife, including goats and coyotes, roamed freely in cities during the COVID-19 pandemic, while human activity decreased. The study tracked GPS data from 2,300 land mammals across 43 species, showing significant changes in animal behavior in response to human lockdowns.
Researchers found that acute kidney injury does not predict worsening of kidney function trajectory in patients with CKD, suggesting that pre-existing kidney disease may be a major contributor. The study recommends focusing on flattening the eGFR slope and treating proteinuria to slow CKD progression.
Researchers developed a new method using Copula models to restore the true statistical model from data processed by Differential Privacy technology, even with many missing values. This enables highly accurate data analysis for pandemic mitigation and various societal applications.
Researchers in New York City adopted a community-led response to the mpox outbreak, utilizing principles learned from colleagues in the Global South. The study's findings highlight the importance of involving local communities in the development and implementation of public health strategies.
A recent study by Kyoto University has raised concerns about the authenticity of Big Oil's net-zero emissions claims. The research team found that oil majors are not making sufficient progress in phasing out fossil fuels and transitioning to clean energy, despite their pledges to achieve net-zero by 2050.
A research team at the University of Tsukuba has developed a secure AI technology that allows for the shared analysis of personal and identifiable data from multiple organizations. This will enhance the accuracy of AI analysis, particularly in disease prediction and educational effectiveness.
A new study led by UCL researchers found that at least one in five women conceived naturally after having a baby conceived with IVF. This figure remained unchanged even when considering different types and outcomes of fertility treatment. The study analyzed data from 11 studies involving over 5,000 women worldwide.
A retrospective study found a 24% response rate to Docetaxel among patients with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer who experienced progression on immunotherapy. The median progression-free survival was 3 months, suggesting chemotherapy may still play an important role in treatment after immunotherapy failure.
Researchers in Austria found that one in three patients with Type 2 diabetes stopped treatment and monitoring for at least a year, resulting in higher mortality rates. This group had a significantly higher mortality rate compared to those who regularly accessed care.
A study by Florida Atlantic University and Duke University reveals that the malaria parasite's biological clock is 'in sync' with its human host's circadian clock. The researchers discovered a 'coupling' mechanism between the parasite and its host, which could lead to new treatments for this deadly disease.
Researchers developed a new AI framework that significantly improves the ability to analyze team communication, enabling adaptive training technologies to facilitate effective team collaboration. The framework performed substantially better than previous AI technologies in classifying dialogue and following information flow.
A new study suggests that industrialized countries in the Global North could be liable to pay a total of $170 trillion in compensation or reparations by 2050. This amount would be distributed as compensation to low-emitting countries that must decarbonize their economies faster than required, aiming to meet climate change targets.
Researchers have developed a self-teaching web app called BRIDGEcereal that quickly and accurately analyzes genomic data for cereal crops, identifying patterns of DNA variations. This breakthrough tool is expected to revolutionize crop improvement by efficiently mining publicly accessible cereal pan-genomes.
Research by Flinders University shows that young red kangaroos in Australia grow faster when exposed to dingoes and inside the dingo-proof fence have slower growth rates. This suggests that the fence may impact different aspects of the kangaroo's life cycle, including population demographics.
A recent study published in JAMA Neurology found that heart attacks are associated with a faster decline in cognitive function over time. The research analyzed data from six large studies and showed that individuals who had a heart attack experienced a decline in global cognition equivalent to about six to 13 years of aging.
A study by Anne Jacqueminet and colleagues identifies three favorable patterns for positive media coverage: congruent signalers, balancing signalers, and firms using a combination of less credible signals. Highly credible third-party signals play a complex role in media perception, delivering a single congruent message.
The SWOG Cancer Research Network will present 30 abstracts at the ASCO 2023 annual meeting, highlighting primary results from trials S1011, S1826, S1714, and S1929. Additionally, analysis from the S1609 DART trial will be shared publicly during the meeting.
Researchers found volunteering associated with higher odds of excellent health and flourishing in children and adolescents, as well as lower anxiety in adolescents and behavioral problems in children. The study used survey data from across the US to explore the relationship between volunteering and child and adolescent health.
A recent study published in Translational Psychiatry found that obesity significantly increases the likelihood of developing mental disorders, including depression and anxiety, across all age groups. Women were found to be at a higher risk for most diseases compared to men.
Researchers analyzed 692,534 race times to find genetic improvement accounts for 60% of speed increase in short-distance races, while heritability is low across all distances. The study suggests weaker selection or other factors limiting genetic progress, particularly over long distances.
A new study reveals that defence lawyers struggle to access and review digital evidence, citing limitations in format, presentation, and availability. This can lead to missed information and increased risk of miscarriages of justice.
A study from Swansea University and the University of Cape Town tracked the movements of 13 chacma baboons in Cape Town, South Africa. The data revealed that female baboons stopped using urban space after giving birth, suggesting they adapt to reduce risks for their newborns.
A nationwide study of nearly 10,000 adults identifies 12 hallmarks of long COVID, including debilitating fatigue, loss of smell or taste, and gastrointestinal symptoms. The findings provide a new scoring system for clinicians to define and investigate treatments for patients with long COVID.
Researchers identified 37 symptoms across multiple pathophysiological domains that are more common in SARS-CoV-2 infected participants at six months post-infection. A preliminary rule for identifying postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID) was derived from a composite symptom score and requires further refinement.
Women with short or long menstrual cycles are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease events such as heart attack or AFib. The study analyzed data from over 58,000 women and found that irregular menstrual cycle length was associated with higher risks of CVD, independent of other factors.
Scientists from Hokkaido University propose a cheap and effective alternative for monitoring glacial runoff by analyzing audible sounds generated at the proglacial run-off site. The method has shown promising results in detecting changes in glacier discharge with high accuracy.
A growing number of people worldwide will be affected by low back pain by 2050, with Australia facing a nearly 50% increase. The study highlights the need for effective prevention and management strategies to address this growing burden.
A new AI-enabled forecasting model can predict ENSO events for up to 22 months, overcoming the limitations of previous models. The Spatio-Temporal Information Extraction and Fusion (STIEF) model uses deep learning to extract space and time features and fuse them together, providing a more accurate prediction length.
Researchers at Kaunas University of Technology identified four affordances of digital technologies facilitating business process integration: accessing, updating, sharing, and initiating. These mechanisms enable automation of information transfer, minimizing effort in business processes.
A new study assesses racial bias in type 2 diabetes risk prediction algorithms. It finds significant disparities between US-based risk scores for non-Hispanic Blacks and non-Hispanic Whites.