Articles tagged with Data Sets
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
ZENBU integrates genome browsers with data analysis and linked expression views to facilitate interactive visualization of next-generation sequencing results. The tool allows for dynamic combination of thousands of experimental datasets, enabling scientists to discover new biological mechanisms.
Research from Aarhus University finds that people with schizophrenia are at increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases, including psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. Infections play a determining role in this association.
A team of scientists from Harvard University and Virginia Tech has established a reliable set of human genotypes to benchmark human genome sequencing. This will help researchers gain traction against human disease by refining genomic data. The findings are available online, enabling real-time benchmarking of DNA-sequencing methods.
The CLIMBER dataset provides unique information on the climatic niche characteristics of 397 European butterflies, obtained by combining detailed distribution data and public climatic datasets. This knowledge is essential for understanding species' relationships with their environment and assessing the impacts of global change.
LineUp is an open-source application that allows users to assign weights to different parameters and create a custom ranking. It introduces a dynamic element to static analysis, enabling side-by-side comparisons of alternative weighting systems.
BYU engineer Dah-Jye Lee has created a genetic algorithm that accurately identifies objects in images or video sequences without human intervention. The algorithm learns from a set of images and sets its own parameters, achieving 100% accurate recognition on four image datasets and distinguishing between fish species with 99.4% accuracy.
The Allen Institute for Brain Science has released major updates to its online public resources, including the Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas, Human Brain Atlas, and more. These updates provide freely available tools and data for researchers worldwide, accelerating understanding of brain function and disease.
A new study found that 80% of scientific data are lost within two decades, highlighting the need for public archives to preserve research findings. The authors recommend making data upload a condition for publication in scientific journals.
A recent study found that most scientific data is inaccessible after just 20 years, with over 80% of publicly funded research data lost forever. Researchers are calling for journals to require authors to share their data on public archives before publication.
NYU-Poly professors Juliana Freire and Thanasis Korakis are recognized for their work on big data analysis and developing solutions to improve home wireless performance. They will receive one-year grants supporting their research, which aims to unify data selection and visual analysis to analyze complex urban data sets.
A new study found that papers with shared data received increased citation numbers for at least five years, with data reuse on the rise over time. The researchers concluded that actual data reuse contributed significantly to the citation difference.
The NIH has launched the first phase of the Microbiome Cloud Project, a collaboration with Amazon Web Services that provides a free public dataset of genetic information on microbes. This initiative aims to facilitate analysis and discovery by reducing computing infrastructure and technical expertise requirements.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has released a comprehensive dataset containing millions of chemical analyses from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. The dataset, which includes data on underwater hydrocarbon plumes and dispersants, is now publicly available online.
The largest ever study of NHS culture and behavior found that high-quality care is often hindered by unclear goals, excessive box ticking, and variable staff support. The analysis identified 'dark spots' of poor care and highlighted the need for clear goals, good intelligence on performance, and person-centered cultures.
Researchers create 'insect soup' by crushing insects and sequencing their DNA, which accelerates biodiversity monitoring and cataloguing. This breakthrough allows for more efficient and reliable detection of endangered species and environmental changes.
Researchers developed a new open-source platform to analyze and visualize visual fields, enabling transparent collaboration among independent labs. The platform contains analytical and visualization tools, including methods for glaucoma detection, and can be used for experimentation and research.
The UNEX Herbarium has synthesized a comprehensive dataset of 36451 specimens, covering regions including Spain, Portugal, Africa, and Brazil. The dataset is now accessible through the GBIF portal, providing valuable information for researchers and students.
A new paper analyzed seven coastal estuary and marine food webs, including parasites, to understand their impact on network structure. The team found that most changes resulted from increased diversity and complexity, rather than unique parasite characteristics.
A new peer-reviewed data paper compiles information on Belgian ants, highlighting the FORMIDABEL database with 27,642 records. The database provides insights into the indigenous and exotic ant fauna in Belgium, shedding light on their distribution patterns based on vegetation and soil types.
Researchers found a 36% autumn and 9% winter decline in Arctic sea ice volume over the last decade. The study builds on previous studies using submarine and NASA satellite data, verifying compatibility with CryoSat-2 satellite measurements.
A collaborative project by RDAV and University of Tennessee artist Evan Meaney has won the jury prize for Distributed Microtopias exhibition at FLEFF. The 'Null_Sets' artwork visualizes data size and structure using an open-source script, exploring the gap between data and information.
Researchers have found that commonly used algorithms for identifying patients with recurrent cancer are flawed and often mislead researchers. These algorithms rely on billing codes or secondary tumors to identify patients, but this approach can be inaccurate, as it may not distinguish between new cancers and recurrences.
A UC Riverside study reveals that many California graduate students in environmental sciences lack training in technology and computation, as well as data management practices. Only 29.3% of completed graduates had made their research data available online.
Scientists with NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center have restored the fully calibrated digital dust data from the Apollo 14 and 15 missions, allowing for long-term analysis of the lunar dust readings. This achievement is part of the Lunar Data Project, which aims to make scientific data from Apollo available in modern formats.
A new program will explore solutions for preserving high-energy physics data from the LHC, Fermilab Tevatron, and other research communities. The team aims to develop a global data and software preservation infrastructure.
A U-M analysis shows that removing payment for hospital-acquired catheter-associated urinary tract infections had negligible financial impact on hospitals. The study highlights the inaccuracies of billing data used to implement the policy, leading to unfair penalties for some hospitals.
A genome-wide association study identified several genes associated with hippocampal atrophy, a key feature of Alzheimer's disease. The study found novel associations between brain degeneration and genes in the APOE, F5/SELP, LHFP, and GCFC2 gene regions.
A research team led by Carnegie Mellon University has identified a major source of the US math achievement gap: inadequate knowledge of fractions and division. Fifth graders' understanding of these concepts predicted high school students' algebra knowledge and overall math achievement after controlling for other factors.
Researchers at the University of Granada developed a new software solution to predict urban noise levels using a dataset of street type, road conditions, and vehicle speed. The system has shown higher accuracy than traditional mathematical models, with a reliability of 95%, and will help perform urban noise mapping projects.
Researchers from Indiana University have conducted the most in-depth genetic analysis of defense systems used by trillions of micro-organisms to fend off viruses. The study identifies 64 known and 86 novel types of CRISPRs, providing a history of past exposures to outside invaders like plasmids and bacteriophages.
Scientists found that giant insect sizes decreased after birds evolved around 150 million years ago. Insect size was linked to oxygen levels over hundreds of millions of years, with high oxygen concentrations allowing larger insects during the late Carboniferous period.
A new study reveals that kinship categories across languages reflect general principles of communication, including a trade-off between simplicity and informativeness. The study found that languages use only a handful of the vast number of logically possible kinship categories, with English and Mandarin Chinese using two and four terms...
Researchers found that the force of the Mississippi River emptying into the Gulf created mounds of freshwater which pushed the oil slick away from the coast. This discovery could help improve predictions of where oil will make landfall in future spills, sparing fragile coastlines and wildlife.
The Virginia Tech Helmet Ratings program has released its 2012 ratings for adult football helmets, with three models earning a 5-star mark. The top-rated helmets are the Riddell Revolution Speed, Rawlings Quantum Plus and Riddell 360, which demonstrate improved safety features.
The Earthbyte group presents GPlates, a new software for analyzing geological and geophysical data sets in tectonic reconstructions. The tool allows users to rapidly visualize diverse constraints, enabling informed choices between different models and data.
The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) provides a comprehensive dataset of 6.3 million global observations since 1968, documenting year-to-year and decadal changes in ocean carbon uptake. This will help assess the feedbacks between climate change and the ocean carbon cycle.
The CalTech-led Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey has released a massive dataset of 200 million celestial objects, including stars, supernovae, and asteroids. This unprecedented data set will enable scientists to study the evolution of stars, massive black holes, and the structure of the Milky Way.
The new data set contains the brightness histories of two hundred million stars and other objects, incorporating over 20 billion independent measurements. This extensive dataset enables numerous studies by the astronomical community.
A new study by Columbia Business School researchers found that retailer characteristics, not individual stores, explain variation in price dynamics. The analysis used millions of price observations to document high-frequency price movements across stores and chains.
Researchers have developed a tool called Maximal Information Coefficient (MIC) that can uncover patterns in large data sets. MIC can tease out recurring events or sets of data hidden in health information, the changing bacterial landscape of the gut, and statistics from competitive sports.
Researchers developed a tool called MINE that can detect multiple patterns hidden in health information, baseball statistics, and more. It analyzes large data sets with great speed, identifying relationships and ranking them in an equitable way.
Researchers developed a tool called MINE that can detect multiple patterns in large data sets, including health information, baseball statistics, and bacterial landscapes. The tool identifies relationships in a way that no other software program can, offering tremendous exploratory potential.
Researchers analyzed five global temperature data sets and found that after removing short-term fluctuations, all five data sets showed excellent agreement, indicating that global warming is not slowing down. The study suggests that temperatures will continue to rise, emphasizing the urgency of addressing human influence on climate.
A new 'Data Paper' workflow has been pioneered by GBIF and Pensoft publishers to provide incentives for data compilers. The first-ever peer-reviewed paper derived directly from a biodiversity metadata document is published in the ZooKeys journal.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum developed a new method to calculate the probability of extreme events in finance. The traditional approach ignores the bulk of the relevant data, which can lead to important information being lost. By using this new method, scientists can better predict such events and improve financial models.
Researchers have assembled a comprehensive data set to reconstruct the phylogeny of mollusks, revealing a close relationship between snails and mussels. The study confirms an old hypothesis that molluscs are divided into two subphyla, but with unexpected results, including the sister taxa status of snails and mussels.
Researchers create detection tool that spots flight glitches without prior knowledge of parameters to check. The technique uses cluster analysis to identify abnormal flights, allowing analysts to further inspect reports and prevent potential accidents.
Frequent visual field testing in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma may lead to earlier detection of the condition's progression, according to a study published in Archives of Ophthalmology. The researchers found that twice-yearly schedules resulted in earlier detection compared to yearly schedules.
A team of statisticians from Duke University received a $3 million grant to develop statistical methods for making US Census Bureau data available to researchers and the public. The Triangle Census Research Network will preserve anonymity while improving data quality and linking it to related sources.
A study in JAMA found that stress cardiomyopathy (SC) affects postmenopausal women primarily, but also younger patients, men, and those without an identifiable stressful trigger. CMR imaging identified specific criteria for diagnosis, which showed complete normalization of LV function after follow-up imaging.
The GigaScience journal and database launch provides a platform for the open release of large-scale biological datasets, including those from the deadly E. coli O104 outbreak and endangered species like polar bears. This initiative aims to accelerate scientific discovery by enabling rapid data sharing and reuse.
Researchers analyzed over 345,000 bird capture records to assess the risk of injury or mortality from mist netting. Frequently captured birds were found to be less at risk than those captured infrequently due to established adulthood and territory ownership.
A new themed issue of Geosphere delves into the geology and tectonic history of northern San Francisco Bay region, featuring studies on sedimentary and volcanic deposits cut by active strike-slip faults. The papers provide insights into groundwater hydrology, seismic hazard, and plate margin evolution.
A study published in Addiction journal finds that even low levels of blood-alcohol content are associated with severe injuries and death. The research suggests that buzzed drivers are more likely to speed, be improperly seat-belted, and drive at greater speeds, leading to increased accident severity.
The National Biomass and Carbon Dataset (NBCD) provides unprecedented spatial resolution of 30m, offering comprehensive assessment of forest structure and carbon stock within the lower 48 States. This dataset will advance understanding of US natural resources, biodiversity conservation, wildfire risk assessment, and timber production.
The LRO mission has released a comprehensive collection of data, including global maps with resolutions as low as 100 meters per pixel. The dataset includes more than 192 terabytes of raw information, equivalent to approximately 41,000 typical DVDs.
The CDC has partnered with IHME to make its reproductive health survey data available worldwide, covering topics such as pregnancies, births, and contraceptive use in over 30 countries. This move aims to improve population health by providing high-quality evidence for health policy decisions.
ChesapeakeView consolidates various datasets on land use, habitat changes, and biodiversity for research and planning purposes. The project makes these datasets available to the public via its website.
A new study reveals a shift in biomes in Alaska caused by a warming climate, with patterns supporting current hypotheses of increased evergreen forest growth at tundra margins and declining productivity at temperate forest edges. The findings provide a regional picture of forest productivity that did not previously exist.
The 20th Century Reanalysis Project has created a comprehensive reanalysis of global weather events from 1871 to the present day. The dataset provides key historical comparisons for our own changing climate, allowing researchers to understand the impact of extreme weather and climate events over time.