Articles tagged with Risk Reduction
Research shows exercise in early 20s improves bone development and may reduce fractures later in life. Regular physical activity between ages 19-24 increases bone density, especially in hips, arms, and legs.
Two studies suggest that cleansing umbilical cord with chlorhexidine solution during and after birth can reduce sepsis and mortality in babies in rural parts of Sindh province, Pakistan. The interventions showed a significant reduction in infections and mortality risk, with no effect seen from handwashing alone.
A study published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology found that electron-beam irradiation can inactivate viruses on leafy greens, reducing the risk of foodborne illness. The research provides quantified data on the reduction in health risks through this technology, which could lead to greater adoption in the fresh produce industry.
A recent study published in Stroke journal found that high triglyceride levels are a stronger predictor of stroke risk in postmenopausal women than previously thought. Researchers analyzed data from over 90,000 women and discovered that those with the highest triglyceride levels were nearly twice as likely to suffer an ischemic stroke.
Researchers from the University of Illinois developed three algorithms to assess risk uncertainty in the passenger population, finding that risk-based screening increases overall expected security. This approach allows more resources to be devoted to passengers with high risk relative to the passenger population.
A new study reveals that middle-age risk factors have a profound impact on an individual's lifetime risk for heart disease. Researchers found that people with two or more major risk factors in middle age had dramatically higher lifetime risks for cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke across the lifespan.
A new Harvard School of Public Health study found that limiting protein or certain amino acids before surgery can reduce the risk of serious surgical complications. The study used mice and found that restricting these nutrients can increase stress resistance and prevent injuries to the kidneys and liver.
Research at McGill University found that metformin reduces the cellular mutation rate and accumulation of DNA damage, a key mechanism in carcinogenesis. The study suggests that metformin's anti-cancer effects may be linked to its ability to reduce reactive oxygen species production in mitochondria.
A global study found that physical activity during work and leisure time significantly lowers the risk of heart attacks. The study also linked ownership of a car and a television to an increased risk of heart attacks, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.
A recent study published in PLOS Medicine found that reduced cognitive function in adolescence is associated with a higher risk of subdural hematoma later in life. On the other hand, higher levels of education and physical fitness were linked to a decreased risk of this condition.
A community-based diabetes prevention project in Lawrence, MA, taught healthy food choices and reduced pre-diabetes indicators in a Latino population. Participants who received lifestyle intervention had significant weight loss and clinically meaningful reductions in insulin resistance.
Researchers have found that controlling the balance between two proteins can reduce the growth of dangerous cells in arteries. This finding could lead to a lower risk of further heart attacks and improved cardiovascular health.
A study found that consuming baked or broiled fish on a weekly basis preserves gray matter volume in areas at risk for Alzheimer's disease. This reduction in risk is associated with improved cognitive function, particularly working memory.
Researchers reviewed 145 risk scores for type 2 diabetes, identifying seven effective models that can predict high risk with reasonable accuracy. Using these tools could prevent up to half of all cases of diabetes by promoting lifestyle changes and medication.
Scientists at the University of Gothenburg create a nanostructured surface on implants, fooling the innate immune system and reducing rejection rates. The unique surface mimics natural structures, allowing the body to integrate foreign objects more easily.
Research into Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and diabetes aims to improve the health of thousands of women in Cornwall. The study will investigate factors that increase the risk of diabetes in women with PCOS.
A recent study by Temple University researchers found that online marketplaces like eBay and Amazon prioritize risk reduction over social aspects of transactions. The authors analyzed buyer data to gauge assessments of online safeguards, finding that economic risk is a significant consideration only in moderately risky markets.
Among patients with infective endocarditis and heart failure, valvular surgery is associated with lower hospital and one-year mortality rates. The study found that nearly one-third of patients with high surgical propensity did not receive surgery, highlighting the need for improved recognition and treatment.
A cartoon character is being used to promote the use of tranexamic acid, a life-saving drug that is not being used enough. The animation, designed by Hywel Roberts, aims to increase awareness and uptake of the generic drug among healthcare professionals.
A vegetarian diet significantly reduced the risk of diabetes in African Americans, who are twice as likely to be diagnosed with diabetes compared to non-Hispanic whites. Regular physical activity also offered protection against type 2 diabetes.
A large prospective cohort study found that low levels of alcohol consumption are associated with a small increase in breast cancer risk, and this association persists even after controlling for drinking patterns and age. Women who consumed at least 30 grams of alcohol daily had a significantly higher risk of breast cancer.
Patients with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) treated by a specialized hospital team had significantly lower risks of subsequent vascular events. The study found that the team's co-ordinated care, including nurse-led counselling and fast-track surgery, led to a substantial reduction in stroke risk during the first three months.
A team of researchers used modeling to determine the type of testing that might be effective in future solar radiation management. Short-term tests could help inform decisions about larger scale deployments, but would require several decades and extrapolation to centuries-long time scales.
A study by Heart and Stroke Foundation researcher Dr. Robert Nolan found that e-counselling led to a twofold decrease in blood pressure levels compared to those who didn't participate, improving lifestyle and quality of life.
A meta-study of over 1.3 million participants found that moderate-intensity physical activity decreases all-cause mortality by 10%, while vigorous-intensity aerobic activity or sports reduces it by 22%. Engaging in any physical activity, including daily activities, can still provide a survival benefit.
A large study of over 10,000 breast cancer patients found that radiotherapy significantly reduces the risk of cancer recurrence and mortality. The study found that radiotherapy almost halves the 10-year-risk of recurrence and reduces the 15-year-risk of mortality by a sixth
A large national study has found that men taking a daily vitamin E supplement face an increased risk of prostate cancer. The Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) tracked over 35,000 men and found a 17 percent higher incidence of prostate cancer in those taking the supplement.
A Norwegian study found that folic acid supplements during early pregnancy significantly reduce the risk of severe language delay in children at age 3. The study followed over 38,000 children and found no association with gross motor skills delays.
A study found that pregnant women with better maternal diet quality had a lower risk of birth defects, including neural tube defects and orofacial clefts. The research used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study to examine whether better maternal diet quality was associated with reduced risk for selected birth defects.
A review of studies published in Neurology found that people with prehypertension are 50% more likely to develop stroke compared to those with normal blood pressure levels. Young and middle-aged individuals with prehypertension are also at higher risk, with nearly 80% increased likelihood of developing a stroke.
Moderate alcohol intake of 1-6 units per week reduces the risk of developing asthma by less than 4% compared to rare or no drinking. Heavy drinkers and those who prefer beer are more likely to develop asthma.
A University of Melbourne study found that women with a strong family history of breast cancer but no genetic link are not consistently utilizing breast cancer services. They often struggle to interpret their risk and manage it effectively, leading to inadequate access to screenings and interventions.
A large-scale study has found that intrauterine devices (IUDs) may protect against cervical cancer. The research involved over 20,000 women from different countries and revealed a significant reduction in cervical cancer risk among IUD users.
A systematic review and meta-analysis finds a potential beneficial link between chocolate consumption and heart health, with five studies reporting a 37% reduction in cardiovascular disease risk. However, the authors caution that further research is needed to confirm these findings.
A Brazilian school implemented a cardiovascular prevention program that reduced parents' risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) by 91% compared to a control group. The program, which included educational materials and family activities, focused on promoting healthy lifestyle habits in children and their families.
Researchers analyzed data from over 3,000 ICU staff and found a link between female nurse ratios and lower burnout rates. The study also revealed gender-related differences in stress perception and resistance to burnout.
Researchers found moderate drinkers were 23% less likely to develop cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease. Moderate drinking was more beneficial than beer or spirits, but the finding was based on a relatively small number of studies.
A study published in The Lancet found that just 15 minutes of daily physical activity can reduce the risk of death by 14% and increase life expectancy by 3 years. This benefit applies to all age groups and both sexes, with a significant reduction in mortality rates from cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer.
Smokers who light up within 30 minutes of waking are 1.79 times more likely to develop lung cancer and 1.59 times more likely to develop head and neck cancer compared to those who delay smoking for over an hour. Targeted smoking cessation programs may help reduce tobacco's negative health effects.
A Montreal Heart Institute study found that ivabradine significantly improves left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and reduces cardiac fibrosis in rabbits with cholesterol-enriched diets. The results suggest that ivabradine may be an effective treatment for patients with diastolic heart failure.
A large cohort study found that high folate intake was associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer. The study also distinguished between natural and synthetic forms of folate and found no increased risk among participants consuming high levels of folate through supplements or fortification.
A Johns Hopkins-led study suggests that healthy, middle-aged smokers taking varenicline have a 72% increased risk of being hospitalized with a heart attack or serious heart problems compared to those on a placebo. This risk applies even among smokers without pre-existing heart disease.
A study of over 8000 British civil servants found that higher levels of overall life satisfaction were linked to a reduced risk of total coronary heart disease. Satisfaction in specific domains, such as job and family, also showed protective effects against heart disease.
A student team at Johns Hopkins University has developed a device to reduce the risk of infection, clotting and narrowing of blood vessels in patients undergoing dialysis. The Hemova Port is an implantable access port that can be easily opened and closed by a technician, reducing the need for frequent site changes.
A new breast cancer risk model quantifies the impact of modifiable lifestyle factors on absolute breast cancer risk. The study predicts a 1.6% to 4.1% reduction in absolute risk among women aged 65, with higher reductions seen among those with positive family history or more non-modifiable risk factors.
A recent study published in CMAJ found that introducing bodychecking at the Pee Wee level reduces injury risk, particularly for Bantam players, with a 33% lower risk of more than seven days' loss from playing time.
A study found that non-invasive ventilation used as a weaning technique can shorten intubation time and reduce the risk of post-extubation acute respiratory failure. Additionally, NIV used as a rescue therapy significantly reduces the risk of reintubation and death in patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure.
University at Buffalo researchers and hundreds of Western New York women participated in a phase III clinical trial evaluating exemestane, which reduces breast cancer risk by 65% in postmenopausal women at increased risk. The study found no serious toxicities and minimal changes in quality of life.
A cluster randomized trial found that lifestyle interventions, including physical activity and dietary counselling, reduced the risk of large for gestational age newborns by 44% in pregnant women at high risk. However, the study did not show a significant reduction in the risk of gestational diabetes.
The Virginia Tech study provides a comprehensive rating system for adult football helmets, with the Riddell Revolution Speed earning the highest '5-star' rating. Five helmets received the '4-star' rating, including Schutt ION 4D and Xenith X1, which showed significant reductions in concussion risk.
A new study from Rhode Island Hospital estimates that over 1 in 10 catheter-related bloodstream infections due to Staph aureus in hospitalized adults are caused by infected peripheral venous catheters. The study highlights the substantial medical burden of complications from these infections.
A UBC study found that a strong relationship with a primary healthcare provider is key to managing chronic conditions. Patients who felt connected to their provider reported better health outcomes and self-management skills.
A new study by Johns Hopkins Children's Center found that removing children's catheters as soon as possible can reduce the risk of life-threatening bloodstream infections. The study analyzed 1,800 children treated over six years and found that length of use was a potent predictor of infection.
A study of pregnant women using intrauterine devices found that over half had malpositioned devices, which may increase pregnancy complications. Regular sonograms after IUD placement can help confirm proper positioning and reduce risks.
A Cochrane Systematic Review found that health professionals and consumers misunderstand risk statistics when presented in different formats. Presenting absolute risks or Number Needed to Treat (NNT) is better understood than relative risk reductions.
A large population study found that regular consumption of fish and omega-3 fatty acids was associated with a significantly reduced risk of developing age-related macular degeneration in women. The study, published in Archives of Ophthalmology, found that higher intake of DHA and EPA was linked to a 38% lower risk of the condition.
Women with DCIS who develop invasive breast cancer in the same breast have higher mortality rates, study finds. Radiation treatment after lumpectomy reduces risk of ipsilateral invasive breast cancer, while treatment with tamoxifen also offers protection.
The END Diabetes Program aims to show that lifestyle changes can prevent or delay the onset of Type 2 diabetes, thus reducing cardiovascular disease risk. The six-month program offers educational workshops, free membership, individual coaching, and regular exercise sessions for at least 200 adults.
A study published in Circulation found that patients with mild heart failure and left bundle branch block significantly benefit from CRT-D therapy, experiencing a 53% reduced risk of heart failure events. The therapy also effectively prevents cardiac remodeling and ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
A study by Amanda Phipps at Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center found that full-term pregnancies increase the risk of triple-negative breast cancer, while never giving birth lowers it. Conversely, childless women face a higher risk of estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer.