Articles tagged with Biomarkers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at Michigan Medicine found a strong association between lower grip strength and accelerated biological aging in middle-aged and older adults. This study provides evidence that maintaining muscle strength across the lifespan may help protect against age-related diseases.
A Cedars-Sinai study found that a specific protein imbalance can predict the risk of developing severe preeclampsia. The blood test measures the ratio between two proteins involved in blood vessel development, which accurately predicted preterm preeclampsia with severe features over 90% of the time.
A retrospective study found that tumor hyaluronan levels are associated with improved time to progression in non-small cell lung cancer patients. HA-high tumors showed a trend towards improved clinical benefit, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target.
Researchers have identified a new biomarker, p-tau198, that could help diagnose Alzheimer's disease earlier than current tests. This biomarker shows promise in distinguishing AD from other neurodegenerative diseases and mild cognitive impairment.
Researchers have identified a parasitic protein unique to hypnozoites, which could serve as a potential biomarker of latent malaria vivax infections. The findings lay the groundwork for eliminating the disease by detecting its presence.
A novel insulin-like peptide hormone, INSL3, remains consistent throughout a man's life, making it a reliable predictive biomarker for age-linked disease. High levels of INSL3 in young men correlate with a range of age-related illnesses, while low levels increase the risk of acquiring these diseases.
A study using mRNA and miRNA expression profiles identified molecular signatures that can differentiate muscle invasive bladder cancer patients who respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy from those who do not. The research found distinct gene pathways and subtypes associated with response, which may lead to more effective treatment delivery.
A study by Brigham and Women's Hospital found that specific immune system biomarkers are linked to the acquisition of both HIV and genital herpes. The researchers identified unique predictors for each disease, providing new targets for preventive treatments.
A higher urine-to-plasma urea ratio is associated with faster decline in eGFR and development of kidney failure in patients with common forms of CKD. This biomarker may improve risk prediction, particularly in low-cost, easily measurable assays.
A recent study found that microRNA-145 can identify breast cancer patients at lower risk of recurrence and those who may need additional therapy. The biomarker was measured in patients' blood samples during chemotherapy and predicted long-term oncological outcomes.
A study published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease found that analyzing patients' drawing tests can help diagnose Alzheimer's disease (AD) and distinguish it from dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The researchers discovered that DLB patients showed differences in speed-, pressure-, and pause-related features, whereas AD patients sh...
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati are awarded a $3.5 million NIH grant to examine how alcohol use alone or in combination with fentanyl affects HIV medications, including PrEP medication. The study aims to determine metabolite signatures and pharmacological biomarkers of PrEP in HIV-negative populations.
A new metric estimates cumulative exposure to PFAS chemicals, enabling comparisons across studies and applications. The calculator takes into account patterns of exposure to multiple chemicals, providing a robust tool for biomonitoring and disease assessment.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital found that circulating tumor HPV DNA levels are linked to lymph node presence, making the test less effective for screening. This limits the use of ctHPV DNA testing for early diagnosis and treatment of oropharynx cancer.
Two studies found that cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor have similar cardiovascular effects due to airway irritation. This irritation can lead to vascular damage and impaired blood vessel function. The research suggests that dual product use may be worse than single product use, highlighting the need for stricter regulations.
Two NIH-funded studies show long-term e-cigarette use can impair blood vessel function, increasing the risk for cardiovascular disease. The findings also suggest combining e-cigs with tobacco may increase health risks compared to using them individually.
A recent study published in BME Frontiers developed an AI-based approach that rapidly transforms autofluorescence images into virtual histological images for accurate HER2 assessment. This computational staining process takes only a few minutes per sample and does not require expensive facilities or toxic chemicals.
Researchers at Penn State aim to create a minimally invasive system using machine learning and multimodal biosensing platforms to detect Alzheimer's disease in its early stages. The system has the potential to improve detection accuracy and reduce false positives.
Scientists at the Francis Crick Institute developed a new method to study proteins released by cells, which could lead to tracking diseases like cancer. The Bio-Orthogonal Cell line-specific Tagging of Glycoproteins (BOCTAG) method identifies proteins uniquely made by diseased or cancerous cells, even in complex environments.
A new study has identified a specialized and distinctive type of microglia with enhanced antioxidant function in the ischemia/reperfusion injured brain, linked to stroke. The presence of Peroxiredoxin-1 protects against acute I/R injury, reducing microglial cell death and inflammatory responses.
Researchers found that endogenous retrovirus RNA is present in all non-diseased tissue types, including cerebellum and thyroid tissues. This discovery has important clinical implications for the use of HML-2 expression as a cancer biomarker or therapeutic target.
A study from Tokyo Medical and Dental University reveals that the TGF-β signaling molecule can induce EMT in oral cancer cells, leading to high motility and metastatic potential. KRTAP2-3 expression is associated with poorer overall survival, suggesting its role as a prognostic biomarker.
A new study found that soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) levels are significantly higher in patients with heart failure, predicting both heart failure and death. When combined with traditional measures like BNP, suPAR's predictive ability increases.
A study published in Arthritis & Rheumatology has identified CRTAC1 as a specific biomarker of osteoarthritis, associated with both prevalent and incident knee and hip OA. The protein is also a strong predictor of progression to joint replacements, holding promise for early diagnosis and treatment.
A study found that higher levels of inflammatory markers are associated with lower trabecular bone scores, indicating poorer bone health. Dietary intervention with prunes may counteract inflammation's negative effects on bone health, preserving cortical bone density and strength in postmenopausal women.
A new study aims to diagnose severe neurodegenerative diseases like ALS and FTD with the help of speech tests. AI can analyze subtle nuances of speech patterns, including pauses, speed, and melodic aspects, to detect early changes.
A Singapore research team has validated a cancer diagnostic assay designed with Asian-centric biomarkers, showing high precision and sensitivity in measuring four major classes of biomarkers. The assay's performance was validated with clinical specimens, indicating its promise for reliable deployment in a clinical setting.
A UC Riverside-led study found that acute THS exposure initiates mechanisms of inflammatory skin disease and elevates urinary biomarkers of oxidative harm. The researchers discovered elevated molecular biomarkers in blood associated with early-stage activation of contact dermatitis, psoriasis, and other skin conditions.
Researchers propose an optical imaging system for real-time hypoxia imaging in cancer treatment. The technique utilizes protoporphyrin IX to enhance contrast between tumors and healthy tissues, allowing for more effective surgical removal.
Researchers analyzing over 3,000 blood samples from Alzheimer's patients and healthy individuals to identify reliable biomarkers. They investigate how well blood tests can diagnose Alzheimer's disease and predict its progression.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a biosensing technology to detect amyloid β build-up in the brain from biomarkers in blood samples. The Digital ICA TM technology can detect Aβ-binding exosomes in mice, increasing with age and disease progression.
A new CAPSTONE study aims to identify inflammatory biomarkers associated with positive and poor outcomes in patients after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) strokes. By analyzing patient blood and plasma samples, researchers hope to develop targeted treatments to prevent long-term brain degeneration.
A study found that very light exercise activates brain pathways leading to improved mood and cognitive function. Researchers used pupillometry, a reliable indicator of arousal, to measure pupil dilation during graded exercise.
The Critical Path Institute has launched a pre-consortium collaboration with the FDA's CBER and CDER to accelerate medical product development in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency. The collaboration aims to define unmet needs in drug development and lay the groundwork for specific solutions.
Researchers found elevated traumatic brain injury biomarkers in football players in skill positions, including quarterbacks, wide receivers, and defensive backs. The study suggests that head impact magnitude, not frequency, causes the greatest elevations in TBI biomarkers.
Researchers are working on a regulatory science tool based on biomarker data to assess the efficacy of rehabilitative devices for post-stroke motor recovery. The project aims to shed light on how neurological markers can demystify complex neural communication patterns in patients.
Researchers have used single-cell sequencing to uncover novel gene expression patterns in injured kidney cells, providing new avenues for biomarker discovery and treatment. The studies reveal that epithelial cells of all tubule segments are involved in the injury processes, with distinct molecular patterns across patients.
A study by Johns Hopkins Medicine researchers found that changes in extracellular RNA communication are associated with postpartum depression, potentially leading to the development of a blood test for risk prediction. The analysis also suggests that autophagy malfunction may contribute to PPD.
The Keck School of Medicine of USC's Stevens INI has received a $149 million grant to study Alzheimer’s disease among diverse communities. The HABS-HD study aims to develop biomarkers that determine risk for developing the disease, addressing health disparities among Hispanic and African American populations.
Researchers used multi-omics technologies to analyze samples from 350 patients with major depressive disorder, finding distinct blood-based signatures between those with and without a history of attempted suicide. Variations in genes CLOCK and ARNTL were associated with lower antidepressant response rates.
Scientists have identified two new epigenetic biomarkers that can predict the development of aggressive prostate cancer, enabling clinicians to develop more personalized treatment plans. The study used comprehensive molecular analysis of 185 biopsies from men with prostate cancer diagnosed between 1990 and 2000.
Researchers at Universidad de Navarra identified a biomarker that predicts CAR T cell therapeutic capacity, which could improve treatment outcomes for patients. The study found that high CAR density in CAR T cells is associated with a worse clinical response in hematological tumors.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded a $10.7 million grant to Cleveland Clinic to expand a national research consortium focused on improving diagnosis and treatments for Dementia with Lewy Bodies. The consortium, which includes multiple clinical sites, aims to identify biomarkers for disease and develop new therapies.
A study at Michigan Medicine found multiple lipid biomarkers linked to diabetic neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. High scores for neuropathy were associated with changes in lipids reflecting impaired energy metabolism, suggesting a potential target for testing and managing the condition.
A study from UniSA researchers found associations between metabolic profiles and adverse brain findings, including lower hippocampal and grey matter volumes. People with metabolic profiles linked to obesity were more likely to have higher accumulation of iron in the brain.
Researchers find nematodes have two independent ageing processes, one determining movement cessation and the other death time, correlated with each other. This challenges the concept of a single biological age measure indicative of overall health.
A recent study found that cancer biomarker data is biased towards European populations, potentially misclassifying patients of Asian or African descent. The researchers propose a computational approach to correct this bias, which could have significant implications for treatment selection.
A novel PET radiotracer has been developed to assess tumor aggressiveness in neuroendocrine neoplasms, providing valuable information for personalized care. High uPAR expression was associated with a worse prognosis, making it a potential target for therapy.
Reduced kidney function and increased urine albumin excretion are associated with brain volume reduction in regions typically affected by Alzheimer's disease and other dementia etiologies. Cognitive decline is common in patients with kidney disease, and this study provides new insights into the etiology and localization of brain damage.
A new predictive biomarker, RNF43 mutations, has been identified as a significant predictor of response to anti-BRAF/EGFR combinatory therapy in patients with microsatellite stable BRAF V600E metastatic colorectal cancer. This biomarker is associated with improved progression-free and overall survival rates.
Researchers at MedUni Vienna studied Covid-19's impact on lungs and colon, identifying novel biomarkers and treatment strategies. SARS-CoV-2 infections evoke different molecular mechanisms in pulmonary and gastrointestinal manifestations.
Researchers found that participants who remained in treatment programs less than 90 days had significantly higher initial cortisol levels, indicating a higher risk of early discontinuation. Lower cortisol levels were associated with longer treatment retention.
Mayo Clinic researchers identified critical genomic changes associated with abiraterone acetate/prednisone resistance in advanced prostate cancer. An 11-gene drug panel predicted a worse prognosis for a subset of patients, and whole-exome sequencing data revealed mechanisms of acquired resistance.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified a gene marker that may lead to more effective precision treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The protein METTL16 is correlated with accumulated DNA damage and suppresses DNA repair, suggesting it as a potential biomarker for PARPi treatment.
A new biomarker called SPRIGHTLY could distinguish between two aggressive types of brain tumors in children: Group 3 and Group 4 medulloblastomas. The biomarker is highly expressed in Group 4 medulloblastomas, which have a poorer prognosis.
Researchers found mutations in leukocyte and T-cell proliferation regulation processes that contribute to ICI treatment response and resistance. The study provides a framework to develop predictors for melanoma, potentially enhancing responses and increasing patient numbers.
A collaborative network led by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has received an $8 million grant to identify and validate biomarkers for acute rheumatic fever. This will enable the development of a sensitive and specific diagnostic test, crucial for diagnosing rheumatic heart disease, which is caused by a slow but progress...
Research findings suggest that aerobic fitness, cognitive processing speed, and walking endurance are strongly associated in individuals with thalamic atrophy. Aerobic exercise training may be beneficial in restoring function for those with this biomarker of neurodegeneration.
The Critical Path Institute (C-Path) has established a public-private partnership with the FDA and NIH to advance treatments for rare neurodegenerative diseases. The partnership will leverage C-Path's expertise in data management, quantitative analytics, and regulatory science to accelerate medical product development.
Champalimaud Foundation researchers have developed a new biomarker, IgG-positive EVs, to assess treatment response in pancreatic cancer patients. These extracellular vesicles increase during disease progression and decrease in response to therapy, offering a more reliable tool for evaluating tumour status.