Researchers investigated point mutations in the androgen receptor, which affect its function and lead to diseases such as prostate cancer. The study found that these mutations deregulate posttranscriptional modifications, causing functional changes and pathologies.
Researchers developed StarCrete, a cosmic concrete made from Martian dust, potato starch, and salt, which is twice as strong as regular concrete. The material's compressive strength reaches 72 MPa, making it suitable for space construction.
Research from the University of Waterloo found that employees often feel pressure to continue working despite wanting a break due to fear of falling behind. The study suggests that promoting employee well-being by addressing unpleasant work conditions can help reduce the need for breaks.
The discovery of Hala Sultan Tekke, a Cypriot village with extensive copper production and trade hubs, reveals that Cyprus was the largest copper producer around the Mediterranean during the Bronze Age. The city's well-protected harbour and central location facilitated lively trade with neighbouring regions.
Researchers from POSTECH and University of Ulsan developed an omnidirectionally stretchable pressure sensor mimicking the structure and function of a crocodile's sensory organ. The sensor maintains sensitivity to pressure even when subjected to significant deformation, enabling its use in various wearable devices.
Researchers found that Greenlandic glacial rock flour can capture large amounts of CO2 through enhanced weathering, improving crop yields by up to 24% in Danish fields. The fine powder also acts as a natural fertilizer, providing a wider array of nutrients than commercial organic fertilizers.
A recent study found that dog owners are more likely to experience sleep disorders than non-dog owners. Cat ownership was also linked to higher odds of leg jerks during the night. The research suggests that pets may disrupt their owner's sleep due to increased activity at night, particularly with cats.
Researchers developed HIV-1-infection models in human microglia cell cultures to investigate the insertion of the HIV-1 genome. They discovered a correlation between a cellular chromatin factor and the sleeping virus phenotype, linking viral integration to topologically associated domains.
Researchers have designed a new RNA sensor that can selectively activate synthetic genes in specific cells, opening up possibilities for targeted therapies for cancer and other diseases. The system uses an enzyme that naturally exists in most animal cells to detect and repair mismatches in double-stranded RNA.
Scientists from the University of North Carolina at Charlotte review nucleolar DNA damage response pathways to combat cancer. By attacking these mechanisms, researchers aim to disrupt cancer's reproduction and growth.
A new radiotracer successfully detected 100% of primary tumors across multiple cancer types, outperforming the current standard. It also showed promise in detecting lymph node and distant metastases, offering a promising alternative for diagnosis and treatment.
A team of researchers at Kyoto University has established a method to identify individual inbred medaka killifish by analyzing the characteristic patterns of dark spots on their heads. This identification method may contribute to biometrics for medical and drug discovery research.
A new study develops an algorithm to decode the coordinated regulation of cell-edge velocity by Rho GTPases, revealing specific characteristics of each enzyme. The model predicts edge velocity from activity time series with high accuracy.
Researchers developed a chemical scissor to split and stitch nanoscopic layers of two-dimensional materials, opening pathways to sustainable energy technologies. This new process allows for structurally splitting, editing, and reconstituting layered materials with exceptional properties.
Researchers found that fomepizole blocked energy production in bacteria and reduced bacterial burden in mice with pneumonia. The combination treatment prevented invasive disease development, suggesting a potential novel treatment for multidrug-resistant pneumococcal disease.
The proposed SpectrumChain framework utilizes blockchain technology to enable secure, efficient, and refined spectrum resource management for 6G wireless networks. It achieves this through a hierarchical architecture comprising a main chain and subchains, allowing for global spectrum resource trading and local spectrum sharing.
A low-cost, open-source device called Flatburn can measure air pollution using 3D printing or inexpensive parts. Researchers have tested and calibrated it against existing state-of-the-art machines, making it suitable for community groups and individual citizens to track local air quality.
The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XBB.1.5 variant has been characterized for its high transmissibility and infectivity, with a novel mutation in the spike protein facilitating invasion of human cells. Experimental results show that the variant binds to the human ACE2 receptor with high affinity and exhibits strong immune evasion properties.
Scientists at UC Santa Barbara have created a new method to track protein movement in lifelike environments. The TiGGER technique involves tagging proteins with gadolinium ions and tracking their distance using quantum phenomena.
A new study published in European Heart Journal Open found that sleeping less than five hours a night is associated with a 74% raised likelihood of developing peripheral artery disease (PAD). The study also suggests that lifestyle changes such as being physically active and optimising pain management could lower the risk of PAD.
Researchers have developed CAR T cell-based microrobots that can autonomously navigate to tumor sites and exert immune effects. The M-CAR T demonstrated controllable movement and penetrated artificial tumor tissues under magnetic-acoustic sequential actuation.
Researchers found that dogs with anxiety have altered brain connectivity, particularly between the amygdala and hippocampus. The study used fMRI to characterize abnormal neural networks in anxious dogs, providing insight into anxiety disorders in both animals and humans.
A new study from Tokyo Medical and Dental University sheds light on the neural stem cell niche's composition during development. Researchers found that vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) plays a crucial role in maintaining NSPCs under hypoxic conditions, promoting lower rates of cell death and increased cell proliferation.
Scientists at EPFL and IBM have developed a new type of laser using lithium niobate, enabling precise distance measurements in LiDAR applications. The hybrid integrated tunable laser offers low frequency noise and fast wavelength tuning.
The Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has captured a dynamic animation of the gamma-ray sky, revealing frenzied activity over nearly 15 years. The data, now publicly available, includes records of source brightness changes and sheds light on blazars and multimessenger astronomy.
A study of US newspaper articles found that lung cancer screening was generally positively covered between 2010 and 2022. However, crucial aspects such as enrollment criteria and cost issues were frequently omitted, highlighting a need for radiologists to take an active role in media coverage.
A new research paper by University of Alaska Fairbanks Geophysical Institute professor Robert Herrick revealed a nearly 1-square-mile volcanic vent on Venus, changing in shape and growing over eight months. This change is associated with volcanic activity.
A new study highlights the need for testing patients who arrive at hospital intoxicated by drink or drunks to understand how they become intoxicated and reduce feelings of self-blame. The review authors argue that this lack of clarity can exacerbate psychological distress, leading to feelings of guilt, shame, and fear.
A recent study by Iowa State University researchers highlights the varying approaches of NGOs in Turkey and Bulgaria when communicating with the public about migration. Turkish NGOs tend to use a one-way communication mode, while those in Bulgaria are more innovative and engaging, emphasizing personal stories. The findings suggest that...
A multi-state study found COVID-19 mRNA vaccines remain protective during Omicron BA.4/BA.5 predominance, with estimated vaccine effectiveness of 68% against hospitalization within 7-119 days post-vaccination.
The ATS 2023 International Conference Program is now available, offering dynamic scientific programming on pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine topics. Attendees can build their daily schedule using the program itinerary and access a series of presentations featuring innovators in the field.
Researchers examine how sugar reduction strategies affect new product sales, finding that smaller package sizes perform better than regular sizes. Sugar reductions work better if they do not overemphasize the reduced sugar content in new additions.
Researchers found that honeybee foragers use waggle dance to provide both polar flight instructions (bearing and distance) and Cartesian-location vectors to approach the source. This new understanding reveals the complexity of symbolic communication in honeybees, adding new insights to the study of their navigational abilities.
The Johns Hopkins ARISE program, developed in 2020, may increase the chances of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 getting discharged to their home rather than to a rehabilitation facility. The program's care model promotes early and individualized intensive rehabilitation to help patients regain functionality.
Scientists from the University of Cambridge have developed a model to predict a planet's interior water capacity based on its size and host star chemistry. The results suggest that larger planets may have drier rocky mantles, while smaller ones could hold more water-rich minerals.
Antimicrobial resistance poses a major threat to human health, with an estimated 4.95 million deaths worldwide in 2019. Researchers identified four research priorities to improve predictive models for antimicrobial-resistant organisms, including better communication and data collection.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet discovered an immune cell in women with pancreatic cancer that blocks the immune response, leading to poor survival. The study identifies a specific protein FPR2 as a potential therapeutic target for immunotherapy in women.
Dr. Tak W. Mak is being recognized for his groundbreaking work on cancer immunology, including the cloning of the human T-cell receptor beta chain and development of CAR T-cell technology. His research has led to significant advances in understanding immune responses and has paved the way for the development of new cancer therapies.
Cancer develops when genome doubling leads to chromatin disorganization, promoting oncogene activation and genomic instability. Researchers found that WGD causes sub-compartment repositioning and loss of chromatin segregation.
A small study funded by the National Eye Institute found that a unique brain region called the occipital place area (OPA) supports visually guided navigation when walking, but fails to activate during crawling. This finding may help explain how children learn to navigate their surroundings and develop motor skills.
Researchers synthesized a new orthorhombic Sn3O4 polymorph with a narrower bandgap, indicating higher efficiency for visible light absorption. The discovery is significant for photocatalytic reactions such as water splitting and CO2 reduction.
Researchers developed a self-driven lab, AlphaFlow, that uses AI to optimize complex chemical reactions and discover new materials. The system significantly reduces the time needed to develop new chemistries from months to hours.
Revumenib induces remissions in 40% of patients with acute leukemia and uncovers a molecular countermove by which leukemia cells sidestep the drug. The study reveals that menin itself is a valid target for therapy in both genetic subtypes of AML, providing formal proof in patients.
A new study led by University of Maryland researchers found that melted meteorites have extremely low water content, ruling them out as the primary source of Earth's water. The team suggests that unmelted, or chondritic, meteorites may be responsible for delivering water to our planet.
Researchers develop new way to generate squeezing that overcomes fundamental quantum imprecision, enabling more precise atomic clocks and improved quantum sensors. The new approach leverages bosonic pair creation and enables entangled states with minimal fuss, reducing experimental challenges.
A workplace climate survey found that scientists of color, women, and those with disabilities experience higher rates of hostile behavior, including incivility and discriminatory remarks. This has significant implications for retaining scientists in geoscience careers.
A study found that protected areas are unlikely to provide connectivity for species shifting ranges due to climate change, with two-thirds of the world's 30,000 protected areas expected to fail. Conservation strategies must prioritize effective use of protected areas to help species adapt to a warming planet.
A UK study found that climate change beliefs increasingly predict opposition to natural gas extraction. Support for North Sea gas development decreased from 80% in 2019 to 70% in 2022 as concerns about climate change grew.
The study reveals hydrated salts can lose their facets and become soft when slowly dissolved in humid air, exhibiting liquid-like molecular mobility at their surfaces. This finding challenges the conventional understanding of crystal formation and behavior.
A team of researchers at USTC has developed a stable single-site copper coordination polymer that significantly improves the efficiency of ethylene production through electroreduction of CO2. The catalyst enables efficient carbon-carbon coupling without compromising its structural stability.
A new MIT study explains how the brain manages general and specific components of working memory, enabling flexibility in task demands. Spatial Computing theory proposes that distinct spaces in the cortex govern rule-based control, allowing for dynamic reshaping of memory representations.
Researchers found that restoring function to donor hearts through taNRP can significantly increase the donor pool, leading to more transplantations. The study showed comparable survival rates between DCD and DBD heart transplants, with 97% of patients surviving for over 30 days.
A new University of Alberta study found that untreated moderate fever helped fish clear their bodies of infection rapidly and repaired damaged tissue. The research suggests that waiting before reaching for medications may be beneficial for humans.
A world-first study from the University of South Australia is providing valuable insights into how young people understand chronic pain, potentially helping thousands of sufferers to better manage their symptoms and long-term wellbeing. Researchers found that young people tend to make sense of chronic pain by explaining it as a softwar...
A team of researchers from the University of Michigan has developed a way to control the degree of twist in nanostructured particles, opening up new avenues for machine vision and medicine production. The development enables robots to accurately navigate complex environments by encoding information in twisted light, which is preferenti...
A new study found that bupropion, an antidepressant medication, can help people stop using cocaine while receiving methadone for opioid use disorder. Participants who received monetary incentives to quit cocaine saw a higher success rate when taking bupropion compared to those with placebo.
Researchers detected significant thermospheric fluctuations with multiple wave modes after the Tonga eruption, affecting global neutral density up to 500 km altitude. The study suggests that gravitational waves, Lamb waves, and tsunami waves may transmit energy upward, influencing thermospheric density.
A team of researchers has developed a sensitive method to detect viral nucleic acids using 'glow-in-the-dark' proteins, achieving high sensitivity and speed for clinical diagnostic tests. The LUNAS assay successfully detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in under 20 minutes at low concentrations.
Researchers at UC San Francisco have created the first molecular-level picture of how an odor molecule activates a human odorant receptor, opening doors to creating novel smells. This achievement paves the way for new insights into biological processes, including fragrances and food science.
A clinical study found that children ages 2 to 6 with type 1 diabetes using an artificial pancreas system spent more time in their target blood sugar range, reducing anxiety for families. The system improved nighttime blood glucose control and was used safely by participants.