Articles tagged with Biomarkers
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Champalimaud Foundation researchers have developed a new biomarker, IgG-positive EVs, to assess treatment response in pancreatic cancer patients. These extracellular vesicles increase during disease progression and decrease in response to therapy, offering a more reliable tool for evaluating tumour status.
A study by Case Western Reserve University has identified a promising path to developing therapies for esophageal tumors. The research team linked the TGFβ-pathway, a cell signaling mechanism, to tumor development and found that a protein-coding gene called HNF4α is a predictive biomarker of cancer.
Researchers identified an immune biomarker in newborns that can predict the onset and severity of pediatric atopic eczema. The Barrier dysfunction in Atopic newBorns (BABY) study found elevated levels of TARC at 2 months to be more than twice as likely to develop eczema by age 2.
Breast cancer recurrence and metastatic spread remain a significant challenge, with researchers identifying a metabolic signature that can predict patient outcomes. The signature could be used to develop new therapies targeting cancer metabolism.
A new study by Kyoto University found that Regnase-1 gene expression is low in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), mirroring the pathology of humans. The protein's mRNA degradation leads to PAH inhibition, offering a potential new treatment for heart failure and premature death.
A study by Taiwanese researchers found that patients with atherosclerosis are at higher risk for life-threatening vascular infections from non-typhoidal Salmonella bacteremia. The study suggests the use of a scoring system to predict infection risk and identifies interleukin-1 beta as a potential biomarker.
Researchers have successfully visualized α-synuclein aggregates in the brains of patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA) using a new positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent. The agent, 18F-SPAL-T-06, shows high specificity and potential for MSA diagnosis.
A large cross-sectional study found that baseline plasma antigen levels are highly associated with both the severity of pulmonary illness and clinically important patient outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Higher antigen levels were linked to increased risk of pulmonary worsening and delayed hospital discharge.
A University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus faculty member has received a DOD grant to study noninvasive biomarkers for vascularized composite allograft rejection. The goal is to develop a simple saliva test to monitor patients for signs of graft rejection, reducing the need for frequent biopsies.
Researchers have found that children with autism show significant differences in their pupillary light reflexes, which can be used as a potential screening biomarker. The study demonstrates the parameters of interest that matter for detecting autism and validates earlier findings using monocular technology.
Researchers developed a blood test that predicts poor outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), allowing clinicians to make decisions earlier on possible treatment. The test, which measures protein biomarkers GFAP and UCH-L1, showed high accuracy in predicting death and severe disability six months after injury.
Researchers identified differences in PTK activity between normal and cancer kidney tissue, with Src family kinases and PI3K pathways exhibiting high activity. Ex vivo treatment of clear cell RCC with TKIs revealed that tivozanib and cabozantinib were more potent inhibitors than sunitinib or pazopanib.
Scientists have developed a smart contact lens that can capture and detect exosomes, nanometer-sized vesicles found in bodily secretions, which hold promise for cancer diagnostics. The lens was designed to bind to antibodies capturing exosomes found in tears, offering a potential platform for non-invasive cancer screening.
This special collection of articles explores the 'dark side' of Alzheimer's Disease, revealing new biomarkers for brain hyperexcitability and its impact on vigilance and sleep-wake cycle. The findings provide a foundation for an extended model to speed up research lines and discovery.
A recent study published in Cancer Research identified a unique vulnerability in certain high-risk cancers that can be exploited for targeted therapy. Researchers found that cancer cells with alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) have a common weakness, leading to resistance to DNA-damaging agents and chemotherapy.
Researchers analyzed data from over 3,000 participants and found no association between electrocardiogram measures and telomere length. The study suggests that ECG prolongation is age-dependent but not a marker of biological aging.
A study led by UMD researchers found that hibernating big brown bats experience slower epigenetic aging, with their biological clock extending by nearly a year. The study established the link between hibernation and longer lifespans in small mammals.
A recent study found that overnight EEGs can predict Rett syndrome with 90% accuracy and identify specific patterns associated with different subtypes of the disorder. This breakthrough could lead to the development of more refined interventions and improved care for girls with Rett syndrome.
A world-first study reveals a direct link between low vitamin D and high inflammation, providing a biomarker for those at risk of chronic illnesses. Boosting vitamin D in people with deficiencies may reduce chronic inflammation.
Researchers at Imperial College London developed a new rapid test called CrisprZyme, which detects biomarkers in the body to diagnose non-infectious diseases like heart attacks and cancers. The test works at room temperature with colorimetric analysis, eliminating the need for amplification and temperature control.
A Swedish study of over 4,000 adults found that those with high prostasin blood levels were 76% more likely to develop diabetes and 43% more likely to die from cancer. Prostasin may be an indicator of disease occurrence or causally relevant, raising the possibility of targeting this protein for future treatments.
Researchers at University of Bristol developed mathematical models to assess biomarkers for detecting glioblastomas, a type of brain cancer. The study found that lowering the current biomarker threshold could lead to earlier detection using blood tests.
Researchers developed a non-invasive ocular imaging method to detect flavoprotein fluorescence in the eye, indicating mitochondrial oxidative stress. This technique may predict glaucoma progression earlier than current methods, with similar sensitivity to visual field changes.
A new study found that higher red meat consumption is linked to a 22% increased risk of cardiovascular disease in older adults, with gut bacterial metabolites like TMAO playing a key role. The study also suggests that traditional ASCVD risk pathways like blood cholesterol and blood pressure may be less important than previously thought.
Researchers discovered that REM sleep disturbances are linked to increased risk of drug relapse, and that targeting MCH neurons may be a promising therapeutic approach. The study found that improving REM sleep reduced cocaine-seeking behavior in rats.
Researchers have identified a group of deregulated genes in pancreatic cancer that may serve as potential therapeutic targets. These long non-coding RNAs, when silenced, reduced tumor aggressiveness and characteristics such as proliferation and invasion.
A new study has found that testing for cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein (p16) in biopsy tissue can help more accurately identify IPF. High expression of p16 is associated with worse outcomes and reduced survival, emphasizing the need for early treatment.
Researchers at WVU are conducting a four-year study to investigate long COVID's impact on pediatric patients, exploring questions like prevalence, symptoms, and treatment options. The study will enroll children from infancy to 25 years old and analyze biomarkers for long COVID susceptibility.
A new study published in Diabetologia finds that limiting food intake to a 10-hour window during the day improves metabolic health in adults with type 2 diabetes. The research, conducted by Prof Patrick Schrauwen and colleagues, shows a decrease in 24-hour glucose levels and an increase in time spent with normal blood glucose levels.
Researchers have developed a battery-free biosensor that can track glucose levels in sweat using radio frequency signals. The device, resembling a smart necklace, showed promising results in monitoring glucose levels during exercise and has potential applications for detecting other biomarkers in bodily fluids.
Researchers at Arizona State University have discovered molecular signatures associated with acute and chronic phases of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The study aims to address current limitations in TBI diagnosis and treatment by identifying biomarkers and understanding the blood-brain barrier's role in drug delivery.
Researchers developed an immuno-infrared sensor that detects Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, including amyloid-beta misfolding, up to 17 years before clinical symptoms. The sensor shows high accuracy in identifying individuals at risk of developing Alzheimer's dementia.
A new software program, Mistic, allows for the simultaneous viewing of tissue images through dimensionality reduction methods. The software enables the extraction of data from multiplexed images, facilitating the understanding of cancer biology and the development of new therapies.
Researchers developed a nanomembrane system called iTEARS that can quickly analyze tears for disease biomarkers. The system enables more efficient and less invasive molecular diagnoses for various diseases, including dry eye disease and diabetic retinopathy.
Researchers at UC Santa Cruz discovered that a key genetic mutation in the KRAS gene alters RNA 'dark matter', leading to the release of previously unknown RNA biomarkers. These biomarkers could be detected in the blood through a liquid biopsy, offering a promising step in cancer early detection.
Hospitalized COVID-19 patients with high blood viscosity have a 60% higher death rate than those with low blood viscosity. The study suggests that checking for blood viscosity early on could help determine the best treatment course and improve outcomes.
The Mount Sinai Hospital has been awarded $4.2 million over five years to establish a Proteogenomic Data Analysis Center, which will help identify potential biomarkers and drug targets for cancer and new insights into cancer biology.
Moffitt researchers have identified key splicing variants associated with clear cell renal cell carcinoma outcomes and developed a survival risk tool based on their combined expression levels. The study found that altered splicing variants may play a crucial role in disease development and progression, enabling the creation of a non-in...
Researchers created a wearable sensor that can measure biomarkers and substances using Raman spectroscopy. The sensor is robust and sensitive, with potential applications in glucose monitoring and virus detection.
This volume of Oncotarget features groundbreaking research on various cancers, including breast, lung, colorectal, and neuroblastoma, as well as novel drug targets for bladder cancer. The studies also delve into the role of BRCA in breast and colorectal cancers.
A MedUni Vienna study team has identified a specific subtype of macrophages as a protective function against fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. TREM2-positive macrophages have been shown to prevent fat accumulation, inflammatory processes and progression to liver fibrosis.
New research from University of South Australia and Flinders University uses retina recordings to identify distinct signals for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), providing a potential biomarker for each condition. Children with ADHD showed higher overall energy, while those with ASD sho...
Researchers at Tokyo Medical and Dental University have developed a liquid biopsy that can determine if an esophageal cancer patient will respond to certain treatments. The biopsy uses a panel of mRNAs and microRNAs to predict patient outcomes, with improved accuracy when combined with tumor size data.
Researchers developed a mathematical technique to measure total tumor-specific mRNA levels from bulk tumor sequencing data, associating higher mRNA levels with reduced patient survival. The study suggests this approach could serve as a prognostic biomarker for various cancers, guiding treatment selection.
A novel study has identified metabolic defects, impaired protein secretion, and altered phosphoproteomic signatures in alcohol-associated cirrhosis and hepatitis. These findings may lead to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for a disease with limited treatment options.
A new PET imaging agent, 18F-AlF-FAPI-74, has been found to effectively monitor and predict treatment response of an up-and-coming cancer therapy. This non-invasive imaging approach can help inform clinical decision-making early in the course of treatment.
Researchers from Japan and the US share new technologies and blood biomarkers to detect pancreatic cancer and identify high-risk individuals. The findings aim to decrease cancer mortality rates by developing attractive new methods for early diagnosis.
A new genetic study published in Nature Genetics found that roughly one in five invasive breast cancers following ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) are genetically unrelated to the original DCIS. The findings provide a deeper understanding of DCIS biology and suggest that DCIS should be considered a risk factor for the development of inv...
Researchers will track changes in the blood-brain barrier, neurovascular function, and cognition in over 850 participants with genetic variants at risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. The study aims to improve understanding of the onset and progression of Alzheimer’s disease and identify effective interventions.
A team of researchers has developed a new algorithm to efficiently integrate large-scale microbiome data and identify disease-associated biomarkers. The NetMoss algorithm uses microbial interaction networks to remove batch effects and quantify topological differences, revealing biomarkers linked to multiple diseases.
Researchers at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a computational DNA droplet that can recognize specific combinations of chemically synthesized microRNAs as biomarkers of tumors. The droplet can perform logic computing operations and detect multiple cancer biomarkers simultaneously.
A new review analyzes the efficacy of current non-invasive methods for assessing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and associated conditions. Blood-based biomarker tests and imaging methods are explored, with some showing promise in early diagnosis and staging liver disorders.
Researchers validated a liquid biopsy test as a better predictor of immunotherapy response in lung cancer patients compared to traditional tumor biopsies. The test measures the PD-L1 biomarker in blood, showing improved accuracy in predicting treatment outcomes and survival.
Researchers have identified new biomarkers to detect non-small cell lung cancer in its early stages through a blood test, offering improved survival chances. The approach can also identify potential drug resistance, allowing clinicians to choose alternative treatment options.
Researchers at the University of Houston have identified blood biomarkers predicting heart disease in lupus patients and urine biomarkers for diagnosing kidney inflammation in children with lupus. These findings hold promise for early preventive measures and improved treatment outcomes.
The JNM Molecular Imaging of Neurodegeneration Supplement provides an overview of molecular imaging techniques in neurodegenerative disorders. The supplement aims to improve early and differential diagnosis, as well as stratify and monitor therapy in these disorders.
Researchers are assessing cognitive decline in aging Latinos, exploring the long-term impact of COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease on brain function and impairment. The study will gather data to develop real-world therapies and potentially lessen the disease burden of dementia affecting Latinos.
A study by Kyushu University has identified biomarkers in blood samples that distinguish healthy individuals from Hikikomori patients and predict the severity of the condition. Key findings include elevated ornithine levels, lower bilirubin levels, and higher long-chain acylcarnitine levels in patients.
Researchers at Kobe University and Hiroshima University have developed a biomarker that can diagnose Parkinson's disease from blood serum samples. The 'P450 inhibition assay' uses 12 different human P450s to detect changes in metabolites, allowing for accurate diagnosis with an accuracy rate of 85-88%. This breakthrough could lead to f...
Researchers at Indiana University School of Medicine have made significant progress in developing blood tests for Alzheimer's diagnosis and treatment. The latest study, published in Nature Medicine, explores the utility of phosphorylated tau (P-tau) blood biomarkers to aid in early detection and improve disease management.