Articles tagged with Clinical Trials
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A new clinical trial has shown that infusing immune cells from living donors into recipients before transplantation may reduce the need for lifelong immunosuppressant medication. The treatment involves infusing donor-derived regulatory dendritic cells, which help the recipient's immune system distinguish between foreign and self-cells.
A large multi-state study found that mupirocin ointment is highly effective at preventing Staphylococcus aureus infections in critically ill patients, outperforming an antiseptic solution. The study involved over 800,000 ICU patients in 137 hospitals and showed a durable benefit from mupirocin.
Researchers discovered the STAT3 signaling pathway as a potential target for treating H3K27M-mutant diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs), a uniformly lethal central nervous system malignancy. The current standard of care, including palliative radiation and chemotherapy, remains ineffective in this disease.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that serial blood tests can identify patients who benefit from additional immunotherapies, suggesting a potential early marker of treatment response. The study also showed that ctDNA analyses correlated with tumor size and survival, making it a promising strategy for guiding therapy.
Researchers discuss lurbinectedin as a method to treat neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), with encouraging results from phase II basket studies demonstrating activity in platinum-sensitive relapsed SCLC and other malignancies. Lurbinectedin's mechanism of action involves inhibiting oncogenic transcription, promoting apoptosis and cell death.
A new study reveals that esketamine nasal spray is effective in treating treatment-resistant depression, with 27.1% of patients achieving remission after 8 weeks compared to 17.6% on quetiapine XR. Long-term data shows sustained remission rates at 21.7% for esketamine NS and 14.1% for quetiapine XR.
A post hoc analysis of 10,678 participants with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease found no significant difference in heart attack, stroke, or death risk between enteric-coated and uncoated aspirin. Enteric-coated aspirin may offer reduced bleeding risk, but more research is needed to confirm its benefits.
A randomized clinical trial found that early metformin treatment did not improve insulin initiation or fasting glucose levels in pregnant women with gestational diabetes. Further investigation into larger trials is warranted based on prespecified secondary outcome data.
In a randomized clinical trial, weekly tirzepatide showed greater reductions in HbA1c levels and body weight compared to prandial insulin as an additional treatment in people with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes. The study also found less hypoglycemia with tirzepatide.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed Lattice, a device that simulates human disease in multiple organs to analyze interactions and test new drugs. The technology can replicate complex disease processes, allowing scientists to study the effects of obesity on endometrial cancer, for example.
A phase 1/2 study shows that a stem cell-derived islet therapy has improved blood sugar control in all six adult patients with type 1 diabetes. Three patients achieved insulin independence and showed sustained improvements in blood glucose levels.
A new clinical trial has found that administering metformin to pregnant women with gestational diabetes does not increase adverse neonatal outcomes or maternal health risks. The study provides hope for expectant mothers and healthcare providers seeking a safe alternative to traditional insulin-based treatments.
Researchers have developed a new approach to treating invasive bladder cancer, combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy, which may preserve quality of life. In a phase 2 clinical trial, approximately 43% of patients achieved complete response without surgical removal of the bladder.
A randomized study shows that shorter radiation therapy courses are just as effective in preventing cancer return and reducing side effects for patients with breast reconstruction. The accelerated treatment regimen saved patients time, money, and experienced fewer treatment breaks.
A multi-center study found that stereotactic body radiotherapy (SABR) can achieve 100% local control and cancer-specific survival for longer than three years among patients with inoperable kidney cancer. The treatment was effective in preserving kidney function, with only one patient requiring dialysis.
Researchers found a shorter course of radiation therapy provides equivalent protection against breast cancer recurrence and physical side-effects, but reduces life disruption and financial burden. Patients reported less burden on their time and finances, with improved quality of life.
A phase III trial suggests that fewer and higher doses of radiation therapy delivered over five sessions are as effective as lower doses delivered over several weeks for patients with locally advanced disease. The treatment achieved a 96% five-year disease control rate, comparable to 95% for conventional radiation.
A new drug called vorasidenib has been shown to significantly slow tumor growth and extend the average time until tumor growth in patients with grade 2 IDH-mutant gliomas. This breakthrough could offer a first early treatment option for these cancer patients, potentially improving their quality of life.
A new study published in JAMA Network Open suggests that reattribution of pain to mind or brain processes can lead to significant reductions in chronic back pain intensity. Participants who received pain reprocessing therapy reported being pain-free or nearly so after treatment, compared to those receiving placebo controls.
A new editorial paper highlights the importance of including older patients in lung cancer clinical trials, where they are often undertreated due to age-related factors. The paper emphasizes the need for increased collaboration among stakeholders to enhance enrollment and retention of older cancer patients.
A Michigan Medicine-led report found that adding a mobile health application to wearable devices did not significantly improve physical activity levels in patients enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation. However, some short-term outcomes showed an increase in walking distance over six minutes for Fitbit users.
The Massive Transfusion in Children-II (MATIC-II) clinical trial will test multiple interventions for life-threatening bleeding in children. The trial aims to determine the most effective and safe bundle of care for pediatric trauma patients, with a focus on precision transfusion medicine.
A study comparing PI-RADS 2.0 and 2.1 found no significant differences in upgrade (29% vs. 22%) or downgrade (19% vs. 21%) rates from targeted biopsy to radical prostatectomy, suggesting no improvement in prostate cancer grade assessment with the latest PI-RADS update.
A recent clinical trial found that creatine supplementation significantly reduced post-COVID-19 fatigue and improved related symptoms such as loss of taste and breathing difficulties. Creatine levels in leg muscles and the brain also increased after 6 months of intake.
A randomized clinical trial shows cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) reduces fibromyalgia pain and improves daily living. CBT alters brain connectivity to reduce catastrophizing, a key contributor to fibromyalgia symptoms.
A clinical trial has shown that methotrexate is a useful and safe treatment for children with severe atopic dermatitis, offering better objective disease control compared to ciclosporin. The study found no concerning safety signals, making methotrexate an attractive alternative for patients in settings where healthcare resources are li...
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 195 clinical trials found that cell therapy can reduce the risk of death from COVID-19 by 60%. The studies, conducted in 30 countries between January 2020 and December 2021, used various types of cells, including mesenchymal stem cells and natural killer cells.
Researchers developed a personalized combination treatment that turned on an immunometabolic switch to effectively control aggressive prostate cancer. The treatment showed complete tumor control and long-lasting survival without side effects in a mouse model of advanced prostate cancer.
A Phase 1 trial of FluMos-v2 has begun at the NIH's Clinical Center, evaluating its safety and immune response. The vaccine aims to provide protection against multiple flu strains, with the potential for less frequent dosing than traditional seasonal vaccines.
Philip Low, a Purdue University researcher, is working on validating a previously successful malaria treatment by reducing the number of days required for therapy. His goal is to prevent drug-resistant strains from proliferating and save lives in developing countries.
A study of 805,000 patients found that receiving physical therapy after dizziness was associated with a significant reduction in fall risk over the next 12 months. The findings suggest that timely physical therapy referral for dizziness may be beneficial for these patients.
A phase 2 study of idrevloride in hypertonic saline has shown significant improvement in lung function for individuals with primary ciliary dyskinesia. The treatment, an epithelial sodium channel blocker, is safe and well-tolerated, offering hope for newly developed treatments for the rare disease.
The Buck Institute is leading a clinical trial to determine the effects of ketone ester supplementation on frailty, a condition that develops following age-related decline in multiple physiological systems. The trial aims to recruit 180 people at risk for frailty and will measure muscle strength as its primary outcome.
A dose-response meta-analysis of nine randomized trials found gefapixant to improve cough frequency, severity, and quality of life. However, it also led to increased taste-related adverse events compared to placebo.
A phase I clinical trial shows that transplanting P63+ lung progenitor cells can repair damaged lung tissue in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), improving breathing and quality of life. The treatment increased lung function, reduced symptoms, and even repaired mild emphysema in some patients.
In a randomized clinical trial, lorundrostat effectively lowered blood pressure in individuals with uncontrolled hypertension compared to placebo. The study included 200 participants and will require further confirmation.
A recent study has successfully predicted potential drug outcomes and side effects by analyzing the discrepancy in gene perturbation effects between cells and humans. Researchers used machine learning to forecast drug approvals, improving reliability over conventional methods that only consider chemical properties.
The Lung-MAP master protocol has enrolled higher percentages of patients who are older, from rural or socioeconomically deprived areas, and have Medicaid or no insurance. In contrast, patients on Lung-MAP were less likely to be female or from certain racial and ethnic groups.
A randomized clinical trial found immediate testosterone therapy significantly reduced gender dysphoria, depression, and suicidality in transgender and gender-diverse individuals. The study included 64 participants and compared immediate testosterone therapy to no treatment.
Researchers found that patients with HPV-positive cancers develop recurrent disease significantly later than those that were HPV-negative, and also are more likely to spread to the lungs. A new, highly sensitive blood test has been developed to detect cancer earlier, using a framework for combining routine blood testing and imaging.
Johns Hopkins Medicine will improve clinical trial efficiency and quality with a $24.5M grant, reducing startup time by up to 50% and enhancing participant engagement. The Trial Innovation Center will develop new methods for multicenter trials, including AI-enhanced patient screening and gamification.
A randomized clinical trial of psilocybin treatment found a clinically significant sustained reduction in depressive symptoms and functional disability. The study's findings support the potential of psilocybin as a novel intervention for major depressive disorder when administered with psychological support.
The study validates a comprehensive genomic profiling assay, NeXT Dx, which detects single nucleotide variants, indels, copy number alterations, and gene fusions. The assay demonstrates high analytic sensitivities and specificity, providing personalized recommendations critical to clinical decision-making.
Researchers found that playing a lullaby reduced pain levels in newborn infants undergoing a heel prick blood test. The study, published in Pediatric Research, suggests that recorded music may be an effective method of pain relief in newborns during minor procedures.
Researchers evaluated biochemical recurrence as a surrogate endpoint for overall survival, but found no reliable correlation. Biochemical recurrences occur early in the disease course and may impact quality of life, but high-level data tracking this is lacking.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 clinical trials involving 2.1 million individuals found no significant lifetime gain from common cancer screening tests. However, colorectal cancer screening with sigmoidoscopy may have a potential benefit, according to the study.
Muvalaplin, an oral small molecule inhibitor, significantly lowered lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) levels in a first-in-human phase 1 study. The treatment showed promise in reducing Lp[a] levels by up to 65% without tolerability concerns.
The Cardiovascular Research Foundation has announced the TCT 2023 late-breaking clinical trials, featuring 12 studies on minimally invasive techniques, pharmaceuticals, technologies, and devices. These trials aim to improve patient outcomes in cardiovascular disease, with a focus on safety and effectiveness.
The South Carolina Clinical and Translational Research Institute's program provides early-career clinicians with the time and training needed to establish a sustainable portfolio of clinical trials. Scholars attend 'meet the expert' presentations, discuss strategies with mentors, and select suitable trials.
The CABINET trial showed statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in progression-free survival for patients with pancreatic and extra-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The study also demonstrated a consistent safety profile for cabozantinib, with no new safety signals identified.
A recent study found that the FDA approved 65% of novel drugs in 2022 based on a single clinical trial, while only half of the available studies were classified as randomized clinical trials. This lack of transparency raises concerns about the completeness of the approval process and patient access to accurate information.
A team of Griffith University researchers has developed a novel vaccine approach using reprogrammed bacterial cells to assemble vaccine particles. The new vaccine modality has shown promise in early development and has the potential to be a game-changer for developing many vaccines globally.
Fish oil supplements often make health claims without sufficient trial data, leading to potential variability in safety and efficacy due to differing doses of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid. The study highlights the need for more rigorous regulation of these products.
Researchers developed a device to improve tissue oxygenation in breast reduction surgery, which increased oxygen levels and reduced wound breakdowns. The study showed the device was safe, easy-to-use, and well accepted by patients.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota Medical School have successfully tested a new oral antifungal therapy, Lipid Nanocrystal Amphotericin B, against cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-positive individuals. The treatment demonstrated improved survival rates and reduced toxicity compared to conventional intravenous amphotericin B.
A new study found that a simple blood test can predict the risk of progressive heart and kidney disease in people with Type 2 diabetes. The test measures levels of four biomarkers, which fell after treatment with canagliflozin, a type 2 diabetes medicine.
A phase I trial of cultivated autologous limbal epithelial cell transplantation (CALEC) has shown positive results in four patients with severe chemical burns, restoring cornea surfaces and improving vision. The treatment uses a patient's own stem cells grown on a graft, offering hope to patients with untreatable vision loss and pain a...
A randomized clinical trial found that a preoperative augmented reality walkthrough decreased preoperative anxiety compared to traditional education and handouts. However, there was no significant impact on postoperative anxiety, pain levels, or narcotic use in patients undergoing surgery.
Researchers found a 19% annual increase in Medicaid-insured cancer patients participating in publicly funded clinical trials after the Affordable Care Act Medicaid expansion. The study shows that targeted policies can increase access to health care and cancer clinical trials for those with Medicaid insurance.
Researchers found a combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab can extend progression-free survival and improve response rates in patients with resistant metastatic melanoma. The treatment showed a 37% improvement in progression-free survival compared to ipilimumab alone.