Articles tagged with Clinical Trials
The FAME 2 trial demonstrated that FFR-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a cost-effective strategy compared to medical therapy for patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). This approach improves clinical outcomes and quality of life, with a projected cost-effectiveness of $53,000 per quality-adjusted life year.
The PARTNER Cohort B trial found TAVR to be beneficial for patients with severe aortic stenosis, with lower mortality rates and fewer cardiac deaths at three years compared to standard therapy. The study confirms the role of TAVR as the standard-of-care for symptomatic patients who are not surgical candidates.
The TRILOGY ACS trial found prasugrel did not reduce cardiovascular events among patients managed medically for acute coronary syndrome. However, it was associated with lower rates of cardiovascular disease, heart attack, and stroke, but higher rates of bleeding when compared to clopidogrel.
A study found that a nitinol stent performed better than balloon angioplasty alone in treating blockages of the popliteal artery, with higher one-year primary patency rates. The trial compared primary nitinol stent placement to angioplasty alone in patients with single obstructive lesions in the popliteal artery.
A study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that ustekinumab increased clinical response and remission in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's Disease. The treatment was shown to decrease debilitating symptoms such as diarrhea, intestinal bleeding, and weight loss.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have developed a promising treatment approach for metastatic melanoma using chemotherapy and adoptive cell transfer (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL). The therapy achieved an impressive response rate of 38% in patients. A second-generation ACT TIL trial is currently enrolling patients.
A study published in the Journal of Thoracic Oncology found that VeriStrat can predict response to erlotinib, but does not provide a survival benefit. The test showed a significant difference in median survival between good and poor responders, with good responders experiencing longer survival on erlotinib.
A portable normothermic perfusion device has been tested on a group of twelve transplant patients, showing safe and effective preservation of donor lungs. The device has the potential to greatly improve transplant success and expand the pool of adequately-functioning donor lungs.
A randomized clinical trial of 377 premature babies found that receiving fresher blood did not improve clinical outcomes, including major organ injury, mortality, and infection. The study, led by Dr. Dean Fergusson, used the gold standard of medical science and challenged existing beliefs about fresh blood being better.
A Canadian research team led by Dr. Michael Hill has successfully conducted the world's first clinical trial to protect the brain from stroke damage using a neuroprotectant drug, NA-1. The trial showed promising results, reducing brain damage and improving neurological outcomes in patients who underwent endovascular aneurysm repair.
A new clinical trial at Loyola Medicine uses a genetically engineered immune system to fight melanoma. The treatment involves removing killer T cells from a patient and modifying them to recognize tumor cells as abnormal.
Researchers have found that one year of treatment with trastuzumab is as good as two years of treatment, improving outcomes and reducing the risk of disease recurrence. This conclusion comes from the HERA trial, which involved over 5100 women with early HER2-positive breast cancer.
A study reveals that adolescents are more likely to engage in risky behaviors due to their comfort with uncertainty, rather than an innate taste for risk. By providing precise information about the risks involved, adolescents become even more risk-averse, whereas ambiguity makes them more willing to take risks.
A study published in Pediatrics found that children are underrepresented in clinical trials, with fewer than 5% of trials enrolling kids under 18. This lack of representation can lead to a shortage of data on pediatric therapies and dosages, affecting treatment decisions.
Using biological markers can increase the success rate of new breast cancer drugs. A study found that the use of biomarkers such as HER2 resulted in a 23% success rate, compared to 15%, with significant cost savings.
A cluster randomized trial found that an intervention to enhance sense of coherence (SOC) improved oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), oral health beliefs, and gingival health in children. The study suggests that SOC may be an avenue for oral health promotion.
Researchers have discovered that farnesyl transferase inhibitors significantly slow the progress of progeria, a rare and lethal genetic disorder. The use of these inhibitors has been shown to slow bone loss and blood vessel blockage in children with progeria.
A low-cost sun protection intervention, including mailed kits with resources and educational activities, led to higher frequency of sun-protective behaviors among children. The study found significant gains in sun-protective behavior and awareness across all measures.
A clinical trial has begun to evaluate DEX-M74 as a treatment for hereditary inclusion body myopathy, a rare degenerative muscle disease. The study aims to assess the safety and effectiveness of DEX-M74 in patients with progressive muscle weakness.
Researchers found that auditory cues had the greatest influence on human gait, while visual cues had no significant effect. The study suggests that auditory cues could be particularly helpful for patients with Parkinson's Disease in their rehabilitation.
UT Southwestern has been selected as one of 25 sites for the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke's (NINDS) NeuroNEXT clinical trials network. The network aims to streamline clinical trials for brain diseases by creating a shared infrastructure and institutional review board.
Sanofi Pasteur's CYD-TDV vaccine candidate has shown promise in a phase IIb clinical trial, with effectiveness against DENV 1, 3 and 4 but not DENV 2. The results mark a significant step forward in dengue vaccine development.
A new dengue vaccine candidate, CYD-TDV, has shown promising results in a phase 2b trial with an effective rate of 60-90% against DENV 1, 3, and 4 viruses. The vaccine was also found to be safe and well-tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported.
A new vaccine for hayfever could be more effective, less invasive and cheaper than existing options. Researchers found a significant reduction in skin sensitivity to grass pollen with intradermal injections, promising results for potential allergy treatments.
Researchers found that adding bavituximab to docetaxel chemotherapy improves response rates, progression-free survival, and overall survival in late-stage non-squamous, non-small cell lung cancer (NS-NSCLC) patients. The study showed a doubling of the overall response rate compared to the control arm.
A statistical review of four studies on Lyme disease retreatment suggests flaws in design, analysis, and interpretation that challenge the evidence against treatment. The review found inconclusive results and potential benefits from antibiotics, leading experts to question the guidelines' recommendation against retreatment.
Patients with stable coronary artery disease who have at least one narrowed blood vessel benefit from early stent placement, reducing hospitalization and urgent revascularization needs. The study used fractional flow reserve to identify eligible patients, which significantly reduces the risk of adverse events.
The Aldo-DHF study found that spironolactone significantly improved diastolic function and reduced blood pressure in patients with symptomatic diastolic heart failure. However, it did not improve exercise capacity or quality of life. The treatment also induced reverse cardiac remodelling and reduced left ventricular hypertrophy.
A new study published in The Journal of Urology reports that PSA testing has led to improved survival rates for patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer that has spread to the bones or other parts of the body. The disparity between African American and Caucasian men has been resolved, with African American men now having a compara...
A study found that only 31.1% of moderate-to-severe IBD patients would qualify for biologic trial participation due to strict inclusion criteria. The study highlights the need for more pragmatic approaches to capture real-world treatment effects.
A new version of methyl cellulose, SATISFIT-LTG, has been developed to combat hunger and reduce calorie intake. In clinical trials, it showed a 13% decrease in energy consumption and prolonged feelings of fullness.
A phase I clinical trial confirms that a generic vaccine can kill autoimmune cells targeting insulin-secreting cells, temporarily restoring insulin production in patients with type 1 diabetes. The treatment pathway has been validated in humans and shows early evidence of effectiveness.
African farmers face devastating losses due to cassava brown streak disease. Researchers have made progress in developing virus-resistant cassava using RNA interference technology, pointing towards improved cassava productivity and economic growth for the region.
Researchers at NYU School of Medicine are enrolling patients in a clinical trial testing the use of worm eggs to relieve symptoms of ulcerative colitis. The trial aims to understand how worm eggs may improve symptoms by altering the lining of the intestine and changing the type of bacteria attached.
The California Institute for Regenerative Medicine has awarded $20 million to UCI and StemCells Inc. to advance joint project treating cervical spinal cord injury using human neural stem cells. The funding will support the collection of data necessary to establish human clinical trials in the US.
A recent clinical trial published in Neurological Sciences demonstrates the efficacy of Sea-Band wristbands in reducing migraine-related nausea. The study showed significant improvement in nausea scores and a high percentage of responders to treatment, supporting the use of Sea-Band as a drug-free remedy for this condition.
The study found that children with cancer were more likely to survive if they participated in clinical trials, particularly for rare tumours like hepatoblastoma. Between 1978 and 2005, the percentage of children enrolled in trials increased, leading to significant improvements in survival rates across various cancers.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine have developed the most detailed chronology to date of the human brain's slow slide into full-blown Alzheimer's disease. The timeline reveals changes in brain structure and function decades before symptoms of memory loss and cognitive decline appear.
A study published in JAMA found that administering the regulating agent acadesine before CABG surgery did not reduce all-cause mortality or need for mechanical support. The trial included 2,986 patients and found no significant difference between those who received acadesine and those on placebo.
A clinical trial found that Souvenaid improved verbal-memory performance in 40% of patients with mild Alzheimer's, while a control group showed deterioration. The nutrient cocktail boosts new synapse formation, potentially reversing cognitive decline.
A study reviewed medical literature on cranberry products and found a reduced risk of urinary tract infections in individuals who consume these products regularly. The study suggests that cranberry-containing products may be effective in preventing UTIs in specific groups, such as women with recurrent UTIs and children.
A cluster-randomized trial found that urban women's groups in Mumbai slums discussed perinatal health, resulting in behavior change. However, there was no measurable impact on population-level perinatal health or mortality rates.
A new 'adaptive' way of designing medical studies could help patients and researchers. Adaptive design assigns patients at slightly less than random chance, allowing for more personalized care. This approach may be most beneficial in emergency care or situations with high medical stakes.
Researchers discovered that the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) optimizes behavioral responses by predicting task difficulty. The study used a complex task to evaluate dACC function, revealing that the structure speeds up responses when difficulty levels are constant but slows down response time when faced with changing demands.
Researchers examined the resurrection of TrackTown USA identity through personal interviews, track meets, and media accounts. They found that community engagement, sustained pattern of events, and authentic outcomes forged the distinctiveness of TrackTown, with a key role played by UO coach Bill Bowerman.
A new study has questioned the safety and feasibility of a controversial HPV vaccine trial in India, citing lack of data on cervical cancer incidence. Researchers found that figures for cervical cancer rates in India are low and do not justify the introduction of an HPV vaccination programme.
A large non-commercial study found that cannabis' main active constituent, THC, does not slow the course of progressive multiple sclerosis. However, participants with lower disability levels showed some potential benefits from THC treatment.
Researchers at H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute found a multimedia psychoeducational intervention more effective in changing patients' perceptions and negative attitudes toward clinical trials than standard educational literature.
The new skin cancer drug vismodegib was approved by the FDA in 2012 for treating locally advanced and metastatic basal cell carcinomas. It blocks the Hedgehog signaling pathway and has shown promising results for patients with inherited genetic susceptibility.
Conducting clinical trials in developing countries can bring significant improvements to health outcomes with simple interventions. However, locally led research is challenged by one-size-fits-all requirements, which push up costs and deter investigators.
The article highlights the importance of methods for ensuring independence in trial analysis and clearly defined early stopping guidelines. However, issues around liability for data monitoring committee members remain unclear.
The Trudeau Institute has received a National Institutes of Health grant to study new treatments for bacterial infections. The institute's lab will investigate the effectiveness of Aronora's therapeutic approach on various types of bacterial infections, building on earlier studies that showed promise in mice.
A University of Alberta team has successfully created technetium-99m in a cyclotron, producing high-quality images comparable to reactor-based isotopes. The breakthrough could provide a reliable alternative to the aging Chalk River facility's medical isotope supply.
A phase III trial showed that haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) significantly increases long-term survival compared to conventional treatment for patients with poor prognosis early diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis. The study found more deaths in the conventional group, with half of them being treatment-related.
A new study by Stanford and USC researchers found no significant difference in overall mental abilities between postmenopausal women who took soy supplements and those who didn't. The 2.5-year study also showed a potential gain in visual memory for women taking the supplements, but emphasized the need for further research.
Patients with incomes under $50,000 were 27% less likely to participate than those earning more, with lower-income individuals expressing greater concerns about costs. The study highlights the need for better education and support for these patients.
A large survey by the SWOG cancer research cooperative group found that lower-income cancer patients were less likely to participate in clinical trials than those with higher incomes. This disparity is concerning, as it may limit their access to cutting-edge treatments and impact the accuracy of trial results.
A University of Manchester study found Johnson's Baby Extra Sensitive Wipes equivalent to water in hydrating newborn skin, challenging current NICE guidelines. The trial involved 280 babies and showed no significant differences in hydration or secondary outcomes, except for a slight increase in napkin dermatitis.
The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Hormone Therapy Trial radically changed the practice of women's health, showing that younger women have better outcomes on hormone therapy than older women. The study highlights the importance of individualized care for women and underscores the need to understand different types of hormone therapy.
A phase III trial found that men without liver metastases lived 8.2 months longer than those with metastasis, despite similar progression-free survival and response to chemotherapy.