Articles tagged with Medical Treatments
A genomic study found two previously unreported truncating germline variants in BRCA2, suggesting inherited alterations may contribute to susceptibility to multiple primary lung cancers. The study also points toward important clinical applications, including the use of PARP inhibitors and molecularly targeted approaches for treatment.
A mindfulness-based group medical visit program for persons with chronic low back pain showed significant improvements in pain intensity and interference compared to usual care. However, the changes did not meet the minimal clinically important difference threshold.
The NHS Clinical Entrepreneur Programme has supported the creation of 691 businesses, generating 5,184 jobs and raising over £1.27 billion in investment. The programme continues to play a critical role in retaining talent within the NHS by enabling clinicians to develop their ventures alongside their clinical careers.
A young woman's quality of life and ability to walk were restored after a specialized procedure at Semmelweis University. The laparoscopic removal of a rare, benign tumor of neurological origin in the lesser pelvis, known as a schwannoma, was performed using intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring.
A recent study published in JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery reveals a higher incidence of smell and taste disturbances among GLP-1 RA users. The findings underscore the importance of regular monitoring and awareness to mitigate these adverse effects.
The new calculator predicts that over 98% of people eligible for statin treatment are at low risk of serious muscle disorders. The tool aims to support informed treatment decisions by providing personalized risk estimates, helping patients and clinicians weigh benefits and risks.
A new study suggests that functional brain imaging can help guide accelerated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for depression, leading to improved symptoms and response rates. The approach uses resting-state functional connectivity analysis to identify individualized treatment targets.
A phase III trial is investigating whether an immune-boosting drug can help keep early-stage lung cancer from coming back after surgery. Researchers aim to enroll 336 participants with stage I non-small cell lung cancer and determine if the treatment reduces recurrence.
Researchers found that women who used hormonal birth control in young adulthood had larger brain volumes in regions vital to memory and cognition. Estrogen exposure throughout life may be beneficial for brain health, particularly in reducing dementia risk. The study suggests hormone therapy during menopause may also support brain health.
Researchers at Salk Institute uncover an unexpected role for HDAC enzymes in controlling critical genes involved in DNA repair, making pancreatic cells more vulnerable to therapies that induce DNA damage. This finding paves the way for new treatment strategies combining entinostat with DNA-damaging therapies.
Researchers discovered Paneth cell metaplasia can act as a protective response in ulcerative colitis by promoting healing and regeneration of the intestinal lining through REG3A. However, persistent changes may still carry risks, including increased cancer risk.
Researchers from Sun Yat-sen University discover a novel mechanism by which tsRNA-Gly promotes hepatocyte regeneration in ACLF. The study reveals that tsRNA-Gly activates GRHL1 and upregulates CCND1, driving liver regeneration.
A new study published in JAMA found no significant difference between sodium bicarbonate and placebo in sustaining return of spontaneous circulation. The findings suggest that routine administration of sodium bicarbonate for patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest may not be necessary.
A new study published in Advanced Science shows that a programmable device can close complex wounds quickly, improving wound healing. The device uses customizable force to adapt to different wound shapes, promoting blood flow, nutrient delivery, and reduced scarring.
A new study published in Clinical Infectious Diseases found that metformin reduced the risk of clinician-diagnosed long COVID by 50% when administered during acute COVID-19 infection. The study, which enrolled nearly 3,000 adults, showed improved long-term outcomes and no safety concerns.
A recent study published in JAMA found that high-dose intravenous vitamin C did not reduce mortality and persistent organ dysfunction in patients with severe burn injury. Instead, the treatment may be harmful, suggesting alternative approaches for managing burn-related complications.
Researchers propose using low-dose lithium orotate to slow dementia progression in mild cognitive impairment, leveraging established neuroprotective mechanisms. The approach aims to mitigate kidney and thyroid risks associated with higher-dose formulations, offering a potentially accessible and inexpensive treatment option.
Researchers found that friendly, choice-oriented language in AI chatbots boosts patient engagement, while aggressive phrasing and blurred human-AI boundaries put them off. Patients appreciate personalized interactions, but are wary of data security concerns.
Researchers identified a promising new strategy for reversing autism-related brain deficits by targeting a specific glycine transporter. The therapy restored NMDA receptor function in mouse models and human brain organoids, improving behavioral abnormalities such as social interaction and repetitive behaviors.
Researchers found that DHED increased estrogen specifically in the brain of aged marmosets, leading to improved memory and sleep. The treatment also reversed neural changes caused by letrozole, a common breast cancer treatment. However, DHED had different effects on body temperature regulation in males and females.
Rice University has received a $2 million CPRIT award to advance cancer research, including new studies in immunotherapy and ovarian cancer. The funding will support the expansion of the Genetic Design and Engineering Center, which provides a centralized hub for DNA tools used in cancer research.
Researchers at Emory University discovered a flaw in reinforcement learning used to guide sepsis treatment, which can result in either overtreatment or undertreatment. The team developed a simple workaround to avoid the flaw, leading to an 8-10% decrease in patient mortality.
Mazdutide, a GLP-1 receptor dual agonist, provides clinically meaningful weight reduction in Chinese adults with obesity. However, gastrointestinal adverse reactions are more common among those taking the drug compared to placebo.
In an exploratory analysis, finerenone was found to slow kidney function decline, reduce albuminuria, and lower the risk of kidney failure or substantial loss of kidney function in patients with glomerular diseases. These findings suggest a crucial role for finerenone in preserving kidney function in this population.
Patients described GLP-1 RA therapy as a facilitator of lifestyle change, highlighting the need for standardized guidelines on patient education and clinical support. The quality of care was highly variable, leading to potential expectation management issues around adverse effects and long-term management.
A multinational clinical trial found that balanced crystalloid fluid and 0.9% saline are equally safe and effective for treating septic shock in children. The study enrolled over 9,000 children and showed no difference in outcomes between the two IV fluids.
In patients with advanced chronic kidney disease at high cardiovascular risk, low-dose rivaroxaban did not reduce the composite risk of a cardiovascular outcome. Major bleeding rates were significantly higher in the low-dose rivaroxaban group compared to the placebo group.
A cross-sectional study found early age–onset colorectal cancer patients with improved overall survival but delayed treatment experienced worse outcomes. Language barriers may be a modifiable risk factor contributing to these delays.
Researchers analyzed data from over 50,000 adults who started taking aspirin and found a similar bladder cancer prevalence but lower invasive stage. Aspirin initiators received more cystoscopies, which uncovered the cancer. The study suggests that aspirin may unmask otherwise asymptomatic bladder cancer.
The FLOW trial shows that semaglutide significantly improved health-related quality of life in adults with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Health utility scores and self-rated general health scores improved with semaglutide, but declined with placebo.
Researchers at MIT have created a pacemaker that uses ultrasound technology to stimulate the heart, offering a potential surgery-free alternative to traditional cardiac implants. The device is designed as a small sticker that sends ultrasound pulses through the chest to regulate heart contractions and correct arrhythmias.
Prediagnostic statin use showed no association with higher survival rates, but postdiagnostic use was linked to lower all-cause and breast cancer-specific mortality among hormone receptor-positive subtypes. Statin therapy may improve survival of these patient groups.
Researchers have found a widely available drug combination to be an effective treatment for patients with systemically active Sjögren's disease. The combination of leflunomide and hydroxychloroquine reduced disease activity while maintaining a favorable safety profile.
Adding fovinaciclib to first-line aromatase inhibitor therapy confers significant progression-free survival benefits and consistent improvements in efficacy outcomes. The treatment also has manageable safety profiles with no negative impact on quality of life.
The study found that adjuvant nivolumab did not improve disease-free survival in patients with resected non–small cell lung cancer. The treatment was also not effective in sensitizing EGFR and ALK alterations.
Acetaminophen remains the recommended medication for treating pain and fever during pregnancy. Recent studies have investigated its potential association with childhood neurobehavioral issues, but significant limitations were found in their study designs. SMFM recommends acetaminophen as a safe treatment option for pregnant patients wh...
Researchers found that the right ventricle is better able to withstand loss of blood perfusion and oxygen supply during cardiac arrest, leading to longer preservation of its native electrical activity. The study's findings support the use of surface ECG signals to predict neurological recovery after hospital admission.
In a landmark international trial, teclistamab outperformed standard treatments in extending survival and remission for patients with relapsed multiple myeloma. Nearly 70% of patients remained disease-free after 18 months, and nearly two-thirds achieved complete remission.
A recent study from UT San Antonio reveals that low-cost on-the-job training for frontline health workers can significantly reduce medical supply shortages, resulting in a 30% reduction in stock-outs. This training has the potential to save thousands of lives globally by preventing unintended pregnancies and maternal and newborn deaths.
A nationwide study has compared two surgical approaches for treating Chiari malformation and syringomyelia, finding no difference in complication rates and clinical outcomes. Patients who underwent the more invasive procedure had greater improvement in their syringomyelia symptoms.
A review of nearly 50,000 patients found significantly higher mortality rates for community-acquired pneumonia in intensive care units of middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. The study highlights major inequalities in outcomes and underscores the need for improved healthcare access and quality.
Researchers at CNIC identify mitochondrial complex I as a key checkpoint for dendritic cell activation. Restoring its function restores immune responses against viruses and tumors. The study paves the way for new strategies in vaccines and cancer immunotherapies.
A cohort study found two-thirds of newly diagnosed heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction didn't undergo left ventricular ejection fraction reassessment, limiting treatment opportunities. Guideline-directed medical therapy was also underutilized among persistent heart failure patients who benefit most from it.
The UMass Center for Clinical and Translational Science has received a seven-year, $50 million grant from the NIH. The funding supports collaboration among researchers at multiple UMass campuses and clinical partners.
A medical school team has been awarded a $6 million grant to develop gene-replacement preclinical models of Parkinson's disease. The goal is to better understand the disease and support early-stage therapeutic research by identifying critical pathogenic mechanisms.
A phase 2 clinical trial found that burosumab safely restored normal phosphate levels and improved physical function in patients with severe fibrous dysplasia. Key findings include reduced pain, fatigue, and mobility impairment, as well as significant improvements in children's mobility and independence.
Researchers used wastewater surveillance to detect drug-resistant Candida auris strains up to five months before patients showed symptoms, opening a new frontier for hospitals. The study found higher detection rates and concentrations of the pathogen in hospital wastewater compared to community-scale treatment plants.
Interleukin 6 is investigated as a treatment target for depression in this randomized clinical trial. The study highlights the therapeutic potential of IL-6 or IL-6 receptor inhibition and proposes suitable patient selection methods.
A new study by the University of Southampton has found that reusable catheters are just as safe for patients as single-use ones and do not increase the risk of urinary tract infections. The study followed hundreds of patients for a year and discovered that those who tested reusable catheters used 35 per cent fewer antibiotics.
A new study presents dual immunization against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) using RSVpreF and nirsevimab, showing reduced hospitalizations among infants in France. The study found that this combined approach demonstrates potential for enhanced RSV prevention and protection
A Spanish clinical trial demonstrates the potential of mesenchymal stem cells to reduce inflammation in Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa (RDEB) patients, also known as 'butterfly skin'. The treatment showed improved symptoms like pruritus, sleep disturbances, and fatigue after receiving infusions.
Researchers found that smoking substantially stiffens human lung parenchyma, making breathing progressively difficult. The study provides detailed mechanical data for human lungs, which may improve ventilator design and surgical planning tools.