Penn researchers have developed a mobile microbiology laboratory allowing them to test water quality and track antimicrobial resistance in and around San Cristóbal in the Galápagos. The team identified sites of untreated wastewater contamination, including 'hot spots' of pollution around Puerto Baquerizo Moreno.
A new study finds that beef and dairy production are the dominant drivers of both carbon loss and biodiversity loss on farmland, accounting for 41% of total biodiversity damage. Targeting these areas could deliver gains for climate and nature simultaneously.
As more Americans with HIV age into Medicare eligibility, costs are expected to increase substantially. The study projects nearly 200,000 beneficiaries by 2035 and $27.3 billion in annual spending. Policy changes like the Inflation Reduction Act could save billions, while generic HIV medications may further reduce costs.
Ancient DNA from two high-coverage genomes reveals continuity with modern Japanese populations, continental ancestry, and starch adaptations in Japan. The study suggests interactions among multiple continental populations shaped Yayoi ancestry.
Researchers found that next-generation reasoning LLMs o3-mini and DeepSeek-R1 reproduced racial and gender stereotypes in generated clinical content. The models overrepresented Black populations in stereotypically associated conditions and exaggerated the majority gender, mirroring issues previously observed in GPT-4.
The discovery of Ganiopteris, a 360-million-year-old seed plant from China, provides clear evidence of the earliest-known leaf-borne ovules. This finding marks a major evolutionary milestone and sheds new light on the origin of Permian glossopterids.
Researchers found that gut cell turnover depends on nutrient quantity, not specific nutrient quality, in fruit flies. Gut cells sense satiety based on cytoplasm viscosity, not amino acid metabolism.
A new study found that 5% of hospitalized adults with firearm injuries developed bacterial infections, with the majority occurring during initial hospitalization. Patients undergoing surgeries involving the head, neck, spine, liver, or lower abdomen faced the highest risk of developing bacterial infections.
Researchers developed a programmable dynamic memtransistor that can process data at different speeds, reducing prediction errors by up to 40-fold. The technology enables accurate information processing even when input speeds vary.
A phase 3 clinical trial led by Weill Cornell Medicine shows that adding a targeted radionuclide therapy drug to backbone therapy reduces disease progression in patients with PSMA-positive metastatic prostate cancer. The treatment may delay symptom progression and improve patient outcomes.
Piezo ion channels regulate gastrointestinal motility, secretion, barrier integrity, immune responses, and cancer progression. Dysregulation of these channels is associated with various digestive diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer.
A team of Penn State researchers has developed a synthetic enzyme mimic that can drive chemical reactions using oxygen, producing only water as waste. This breakthrough could potentially be used in sustainable industrial chemical syntheses and pharmaceutical drug development.
Researchers at Stanford University have developed an AI-powered tool called Evo 2 that can design novel phages to kill bacteria, including E. coli. The tool has already synthesized nearly 300 new phages and identified 16 exceptionally effective ones.
A new FIU study reveals that stressed-out parents are more likely to rely on screens for kids' entertainment, while fewer enforce consistent limits. Researchers recommend focusing on media quality and personalizing technology guidelines to create healthy screen habits.
Purinergic signaling plays a crucial role in osteoarthritis progression, influencing joint inflammation, cartilage degeneration, and chronic pain. Targeting specific receptor pathways offers new opportunities for targeted therapies.
The SDSS-V survey has released its twentieth public data release (DR20), providing a massive catalog of high-quality spectra of stars across the Milky Way. The dataset includes over two million total spectra, revealing temperatures, ages, and chemical compositions of stars.
T cell exhaustion plays a complex role in organ transplantation, promoting both graft tolerance and vulnerabilities to infection and malignancy. The review explores the molecular mechanisms underlying exhaustion and discusses emerging strategies to intentionally induce or modulate it as a therapeutic tool.
A growing understanding of trained immunity is reshaping how scientists view diabetes and its many complications. Factors commonly associated with diabetes can activate trained immunity pathways, promoting insulin resistance and accelerating damage throughout the body.
Researchers discovered that bacteriophages play a critical role in distributing nutrients, promoting microbial diversity, and supporting gut health by releasing vitamin B12. The study found that phage infection is necessary for B12 release, and the nutrient specifically drives growth in dependent microbes.
A study found that combining omega-3 and low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was comparable to antibiotics in treating severe periodontitis, reducing the need for antibiotics. The treatment combination showed significant benefits, with patients experiencing a similar rate of deep pocket reduction as those receiving antibiotics.
A review of 30 years of biochar research reveals its potential to improve soil health, support crops, and mitigate climate change. Biochar can enhance soil pH, porosity, water availability, nutrient retention, root development, and microbial activity.
Blending moderate amounts of organic cleaning wastewater with coal lowers ignition temperature and reduces combustion activation energy, but excessive addition weakens overall combustion. The study suggests a practical balance between easier ignition and stable combustion can be achieved.
A new review reveals that microplastics can change the mobility, bioavailability, ecological toxicity, and food-chain transfer of heavy metals, but the direction and magnitude of these changes differ substantially among metals. Biodegradable plastics are not automatically environmentally safer in metal-contaminated soils.
Autophagy plays a central role in gastric cancer cell survival and treatment response to cisplatin. Controlling autophagy could make cancer cells more vulnerable to chemotherapy.
Rice engineers use electrical charge to control therapeutic peptide release from gelatin-based materials, enabling longer-lasting treatments. The study improves peptide retention and reduces initial burst release, offering potential for tailored release profiles in regenerative applications.
Excess body fat promotes chronic inflammation, telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, and other age-related changes, accelerating the aging process. Weight loss interventions and anti-obesity therapies may partially reverse these changes, improving metabolic function and reducing biological markers linked to aging.
A growing understanding of RNA biology reveals that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a key regulator of nervous system development and a potential contributor to neurological damage caused by toxic environmental exposures. Disruptions in m6A regulation have been linked to various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson'...
Researchers explore ferroptosis as a promising strategy to treat prostate cancer. Ferroptosis is a distinct form of regulated cell death that occurs when there is excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage to polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing membrane lipids.
A University of Oklahoma researcher is receiving a five-year, $2 million NCI grant to investigate how pancreatic cancer uses cholesterol to survive chemotherapy. The research aims to identify new ways to treat this deadliest form of cancer by uncovering the biological processes that help tumors thrive.
Tumors expressing POU2F3, a tuft cell master regulator, represent a distinct molecular class of 'tuft cell-like' cancers. These tumors exhibit unique biological characteristics that may create new opportunities for diagnosis and targeted therapy.
Emerging evidence suggests that Fabry disease involves a complex network of biological disturbances, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. New findings highlight the importance of kidney podocyte injury, disrupted energy metabolism, and immune cell involvement in organ damage.
The Local Volume Mapper is capturing light to reveal the physics and chemistry of stellar birthplaces across vast expanses of the sky in unprecedented detail. Astronomers are analyzing specific spectral lines to map the precise temperature, density, chemical abundance, and motion of interstellar gas.
A new research perspective proposes that developmental and growth programs continue operating beyond their beneficial period, driving aging. Programmatic mechanisms of aging are supported by evidence from animal models and experimental observations.
Scientists discover PIWI proteins and piRNAs play key role in controlling stem cells' identity, repair tissues, and develop specialized cell types through epigenetic regulation. The pathway has potential as both biomarker and therapeutic target for treating diseases such as cancer, bone disorders, and neurodegenerative conditions.
Ménière’s disease is a complex inner ear disorder with diverse symptoms, influenced by genetic susceptibility, immune dysfunction, viral infection, inflammation, and ion regulation. A new review proposes the endolymphatic sac as a central site where multiple factors converge, leading to endolymphatic hydrops and disease progression.
Researchers at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute have developed a protein degrader discovery platform that identifies molecular glues that can target disease-related proteins for elimination. The team discovered the first molecular glue degrader, M12, which is metabolically activated and can degrade multiple cancer-related proteins.
The 46th COSPAR Scientific Assembly addressed the challenge of preserving dark and quiet skies for astronomical observations and satellite technology. The session considered scientific, technical, operational, and regulatory perspectives to balance benefits with environmental and societal concerns.
The NFDI4Earth consortium facilitates access to environmental and climate data, while the DAPHNE4NFDI consortium preserves large-scale measurement datasets for long-term reuse. The NFDI-MatWerk and FAIRmat consortia develop common standards and digital tools for materials research, enabling faster and more targeted material development.
Researchers identified a recurring setup of atmospheric conditions that lead to prolonged periods of intense rainfall. The study found that existing operational weather forecasts can capture these large-scale patterns, paving the way for more accurate predictions of high-impact southwest monsoon events.
A UTHealth Houston-led team has created the most complete genetic profile of the brown rat, revealing a more complex DNA than previously understood. The assembly provides a complete genetic fingerprint and uncovers over 60 new genes, including those involved in immunity and biological processes.
Assistant Professor Haonan Ling is exploring virtual solutions to biomanufacturing for the Genesis Mission, which aims to strengthen America's energy industry and national security. The project could significantly accelerate the development and deployment of sustainable biomanufacturing for fuels and chemicals.
Astronomers observed a rare cosmic event where a massive star's shock breakout was detected without a typical gamma-ray burst. The star's characteristics matched other supernovae that produced gamma-ray bursts, but no jet was found.
A team of researchers from BrainLinks-BrainTools proposes a new model for understanding the neural processes involved in movement planning. They demonstrate how neurons in the premotor cortex communicate with both inhibitory and excitatory neurons in the primary motor cortex, enabling precise execution of planned movements.
A recent study by MSU entomologists found that urban growers' use of pollinator management practices is driven more by access to educational resources and labor than demographics. The researchers surveyed 74 urban growers and found that hard-copy books, online materials, and conversations with fellow growers were the most commonly used...
A digital treatment concept, PRO B, combines close monitoring via an app with on-demand in-person care to alleviate fatigue and improve daily life for patients with metastatic breast cancer. The approach has been shown to reduce exhaustion, improve physical functioning, and decrease hospital visits.
A Montana State University team found that severe snow droughts are four times less frequent in the western US during the preindustrial era compared to today. The study used computer models and historical data to simulate winters under two different climates, revealing a significant difference in drought frequency.
New research finds that investment opportunities, financial constraints, and operating profiles are key drivers of company tax rates. Factors such as CEO management styles also play a significant role in determining effective tax rates.
A new study by UC Santa Cruz researchers uses paleogenomics to create a genetic roadmap for the restoration of the continent's largest land mammal. The findings reveal that North American bison differ in their overall size, body shape, and coat due to adaptations to distinct regional habitats.
Scientists created a platform that pinpoints genetic triggers for microbes to produce new chemicals and materials. The method enables rapid, precise reprogramming of bacteria as biotechnology tools, supporting the domestic production of valuable products.
A study by CU Anschutz researchers found that nearly 40% of Colorado's 46 county jails lacked publicly available opioid treatment policies, hindering the implementation of life-saving treatments. The lack of transparency and comprehensive policies poses significant barriers to care for incarcerated people with opioid use disorder.
A new study explains how ants synchronize their movements using a mathematical model, revealing that a single active ant can trigger a rapid chain reaction through the colony. The research suggests that individual workers play a crucial role in coordinating collective behavior, operating at high speeds to transmit information efficiently.
Researchers have found a new compound that promotes joint health and reduces inflammation-related genes in a model of osteoarthritis. The drug, M04, has shown promise as an innovative OA therapy by slowing down the disease process, giving people more years of pain-free living.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a process for converting carbon dioxide and industrial waste into green hydrogen, producing valuable mineral products. The technology reduces energy requirements and creates negative emissions, paving the way for widespread adoption and economic benefits.
Research found that six gratitude interventions had a greater impact than three control measures, with greatest effect from social connection-based practice. Gratitude interventions led to improvements in psychological states linked to human flourishing, including positive affect, feelings of social reciprocity, and life satisfaction.
Scientists are working to provide geodiversity data to researchers, helping close the gap in understanding ecosystems. By analyzing satellite data, they can capture more than just the mean environment, revealing microclimates that support specific species.
Astronomers discovered a cosmic river of gas that tilted the outer ring of GW Orionis, causing its orbital plane to deviate from its expected orientation. This finding suggests that streamers may play a significant role in shaping planetary systems.
New study sheds light on the brain's 'searchlight' mechanism, where grid cells subtly probe the environment to guide navigation. Researchers used a low-tech method to measure rats' attention and found that grid cell sweeps follow prey, suggesting a more complex brain function than previously thought.
A low-fat vegan diet reduces dietary energy density by 30%, enabling participants to eat satisfying amounts of food while taking in fewer calories and losing weight. This approach allows for greater flexibility and sustainability in weight management, focusing on the composition of the diet rather than calorie restriction.
Researchers developed a wearable device that measures blood flow through tiny vessels beneath the skin and associates it with mental health symptoms. The study found moderate success in distinguishing between people reporting stress-related symptoms and those who did not.
A study by OIST researchers has developed a physics-based model to reproduce and predict individual ant movement. The model uses stochastic, or random, modeling to analyze video recordings of ants exploring laboratory environments, allowing for the derivation of predictions about their behavior in new environments.
A Brazilian engineer's family is diagnosed with hereditary medullary carcinoma after genetic testing reveals an inherited mutation in the RET gene. The condition was initially reactive but shifted to preventive and precision strategies, allowing for earlier interventions and improved outcomes.
A new open-source toolkit called 'egg' has been developed to simplify the process of optimizing software tools, such as compilers and synthesizers. The toolkit uses data structures known as 'equality graphs' to compare different approaches and determine the most efficient configurations.
A new study found that hypertension patients are more likely to follow doctors' recommendations for medication than make lifestyle changes. The Health Belief Model suggests that perceptions of personal risk and disease severity influence treatment intentions.
A new study reveals that Siberian permafrost regions are emitting large amounts of methane, with emissions rising by 12.0 Tg between 2010 and 2023. The increase is driven by climate change, with western Siberia experiencing warmer conditions and eastern Siberia becoming drier, leading to an accelerating growth in methane emissions.
Researchers used fossil skulls and virtual models to find that the neocortex's expansion was tied to increased visual input. The study challenges a long-held idea about how primates developed large brains.
Early humans likely consumed substantial amounts of carbohydrates, including natural sugars from fruits and honey, to fuel brain growth and development. The new review challenges the dominant idea that meat was the primary driver of brain evolution.
Researchers discovered that Candida auris uses chitin to create a 'perfect nest' on the skin, evading immune clearance. This understanding offers potential targets for preventing C. auris persistence and may help explain how it becomes deadly in vulnerable patients.
A global review of snakebite data reveals strong correlations between outdoor work, rainy seasons, and limited access to healthcare education. Targeted policies can reduce snakebite risk through workplace safety, rural development, and health education initiatives.
New study finds replacing functioning gasoline vehicles with EVs reduces lifetime greenhouse gas emissions. Even a relatively new vehicle's scrappage and replacement with an EV can deliver substantial climate benefits.
A team of researchers has successfully designed complete, functional bacteriophage genomes using AI, which could enable the creation of more durable phage-based therapies. The study also highlights important biosafety and biosecurity concerns that must be addressed to prevent potential harm.
A four-million-year study modelled the glucose needs of humans and their ancestors, finding natural sugars supplied energy for growing brains before cooking made starch-rich foods easier to digest. The research suggests earliest hominins were highly reliant on carbohydrate-rich foods, particularly fruit.
A new study reveals that snail mucus's mechanical properties are fine-tuned by collagen and calcium for different tasks. The research found that collagen VI is the primary structural component, while differences in collagen content and amorphous calcium carbonate determine unique properties.
Research from University of California - Santa Cruz shows battery electric cars produce less carbon emissions than internal combustion engines. Replacing a functional gas-powered vehicle with an EV leads to significant emission reduction benefits, making it the right choice for environmentally conscious consumers.
Researchers used earthquake-monitoring equipment to study hurricanes, revealing key details about storm evolution and intensification. Seismometers detected ground movements, while infrasound microphones monitored atmospheric pressure, providing valuable information on hurricane conditions.
Methane emissions from Siberia have more than doubled over the past decade due to rapid warming and increasing wildfires. The study highlights a sharp rise in potent greenhouse gas emissions driven by Arctic warming, posing significant challenges to meet global climate goals.
Researchers discovered that moth flies use a different genetic pathway than fruit flies to establish the head-to-tail axis. The odd-paired gene ensures correct body segment formation, but its expression is earlier and localized to the egg's prospective head region in moth flies.
A recent study by researchers at Nagoya University found that low-frequency noise below 100 Hz can cause blood vessel damage to kidneys in mice. The study suggests that the frequency of noise matters more than its loudness, with high-frequency noise having no effect on kidney function.
The Altmetric MCP brings real-world engagement data into AI workflows, capturing broader research impact beyond citation counts. This enables medical affairs teams and researchers to demonstrate the value of their work across societal platforms.
A new study investigates the efficacy of stem cell injections for treating knee osteoarthritis, finding that MSC potency can be predicted through lab-based tests. Patients who showed improved pain and mobility scores had MSCs with enhanced anti-inflammatory effects.
A study led by Dr. Michael Harrison found that regional dips in oxygen levels serve as a signal for the coordinated growth of heart muscle and coronary vessels. The system operates as a self-limiting feedback loop, with epicardial cells detecting hypoxia to activate genes that orchestrate expansion.
Leaders in quantum science and technology will gather for the summit to explore applications of quantum physics, including data security and electronics. Researchers are also developing programs to train professionals in quantum information sciences.
Researchers examine how chronic stress, trauma, and violence shape physical health and well-being across the lifespan. The editorial highlights a special issue of 16 empirical papers synthesizing research on childhood adversity, protective factors, and biological embedding of trauma over time.
A $1 million gift from Roger Krone establishes the University's first space systems endowment and laboratory, enhancing real-world learning experiences for students. The commitment will fund scholarships, research, and experiential learning opportunities in space systems engineering.
Two-dimensional materials are enabling neuromorphic devices with remarkable performance, integration with machine learning algorithms, and applications in various fields. The review highlights record-breaking metrics across multiple architectures and establishes a clear roadmap for 2D neuromorphic systems.
Researchers at LMU discovered that mitochondria act as sensors for heme, a key component of hemoglobin. Heme deficiency triggers mitochondrial protein DELE1 to activate the HRI switch, reducing protein production.
Researchers have deciphered the role of an ion channel, TPC1, in regulating iron homeostasis, which is essential for preventing iron deficiency and overload disorders. The study demonstrates that TPC1 activity influences both iron absorption and endosomal pH levels, paving the way for new therapeutic approaches.
Researchers have developed a directly synthesized p-type PbS QD ink to overcome the bottleneck of large-area film uniformity. The approach enabled broad spectral tunability and dense, crack-free films with reduced thickness variation, leading to improved imaging performance.
Scientists identified a physical mechanism in the brain that may help explain why progress can grind to a halt: the extracellular matrix loosens and rebuilds after each practice session, gradually stopping once a skill is learned. This dynamic process affects how the brain learns and retains new skills.
Researchers elucidated how different organs use the same clock machinery to regulate unique biological processes. The study identified key transcription factors that modulate circadian function in a tissue-specific manner, providing new insights into organ-specific temporal control.
A study suggests that overconfidence persists not due to its costs but because of them, serving as a reliable signal for ability. Only the most capable individuals can afford to sustain high self-belief without severe consequences.
A University of Toronto study explores the experiences of 42 older Hungarian and Vietnamese refugees, finding that strong social connections, supportive communities, and opportunities for belonging played a crucial role in their success. The research highlights the importance of policies that strengthen community connections and suppor...
Tirzepatide has been shown to reduce the risk of heart attacks and hospitalizations due to infections in people with type 2 diabetes and obesity. The study found a relative risk reduction of about one-third, corresponding to a 36% reduced risk of infection-related hospitalization.
Researchers have produced the first complete genome assembly of the zebra finch, unveiling thousands of previously hidden genes and chromosome structures. The study resolves decades-long uncertainty over gene loss and provides insights into avian sex chromosomes and centromere architecture.
A review of cannabis and cannabinoids' therapeutic use reveals potential health benefits while emphasizing the need for risk assessment and harm reduction strategies. The study highlights the importance of evidence-based guidelines for safe and effective treatment.
Scientists at HZDR develop method to separate hydrogen isotopes, including tritium, using porous material. The technique utilizes quantum mechanical effect in silver sites, resulting in highly efficient separation with low losses.
This cross-sectional study found that melatonin use was associated with a small reduction in REM sleep percentage, but not with differences in total sleep time or other sleep stages. The study suggests that further research is needed to clarify the effects of melatonin on children's sleep.
The first complete marmoset genome is now available, providing a high-quality reference for studying complex diseases like Alzheimer's. The new genome reveals variation in genes linked to Alzheimer's disease, as well as immune system genes and previously un-catalogued ribosomal DNA genes.
A study by Stanford Medicine scientists reveals that wayward tau molecules can gum up mitochondria's internal energy-production lines, initiating a vicious cycle of pathological events. This discovery provides a new mechanism driving tauopathies and renders these disorders amenable to new therapeutic interventions.
A qualitative study investigates the experiences of out-of-state individuals who travel to receive abortion care, highlighting challenges and emotional impacts. The study aims to improve reproductive health access and reduce barriers faced by women seeking abortion services.
Researchers have reconstructed a real person's complete genome, filling critical gaps and enabling the analysis of unique genomes at higher accuracy. This breakthrough is expected to improve genetic disease diagnosis and make personalized genomics routine in medical care.
Scientists are helping to safeguard UK's rarest orchard wildlife through a three-year conservation initiative focusing on four threatened species. Innovative techniques like pheromones and DNA will be used to improve monitoring of noble chafer and red-horned cardinal click beetle populations.
Researchers from Imperial College London and Arup have developed a new approach to designing tall buildings that uses the building's own mass to reduce movement in high winds and earthquakes. The system, which separates usable floors from the central core, reduces peak accelerations by up to 71% and base moments by more than 50%.
Researchers developed a method for generating personality assessment questionnaires with ChatGPT from any source text, including the DSM-5 and an astrology textbook. The generated questionnaires showed high internal consistency within personality clusters and could predict life outcomes like depression, anxiety, and well-being at level...
Researchers found that treating women with Lactobacillus gasseri supplements or postbiotics improved fertility among those over 35. The study showed higher endometrial abundance of Lactobacillus bacteria in pregnant women, suggesting a beneficial effect on uterine health.
A new study uses mathematical biomarkers to accurately predict prostate cancer patient outcomes and survival, outperforming traditional PSA monitoring. These metrics can inform personalized treatment protocols, enabling more effective adaptive therapy.
A systematic review and meta-analysis investigated changes in mental health symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found significant differences in symptom changes between sexes and genders, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.
This study investigates the link between vegan diets and dietary energy density, finding that adopting a vegan diet may lead to lower energy intake. The randomized clinical trial analyzed data from over 10,000 participants, suggesting that a well-planned vegan diet can be an effective way to reduce energy consumption.
Researchers have improved TOPCon solar cells' power conversion efficiency using a new synergistic metallization strategy. This approach enables efficient charge extraction while preserving passivation layers, resulting in high certified PCE of 26.31% and boosted short-circuit current density.
A new hypothesis proposes that women's reproductive resilience is key to understanding longevity, with menopause representing an important inflection point in the loss of reproductive resilience. This framework challenges traditional views on aging and fertility, highlighting the importance of studying women in longevity research.
Researchers at DTU Electro have developed a method to double the usable wavelength range of ultra-low-noise supercontinuum lasers in a single fiber. This breakthrough enables stable broadband light with exceptionally low noise, benefiting medical imaging, gas sensing, and spectroscopy. The new source spans from 0.86 to 2.90 micrometers...
A randomized clinical trial found that digital patient-reported outcome (PRO) monitoring with alert-based interventions led to clinically meaningful reductions in fatigue and improved physical functioning in metastatic breast cancer patients. This study supports further evaluation of PRO monitoring in routine oncology care.
A recent study examined the impact of forestry drainage and beaver-induced flooding on boreal wetlands in southern Finland. The results show that drainage networks expanded almost quadrupled in size while beaver activity created new wetlands and restored natural hydrological processes.
A team of scientists has analyzed the activity of blazar PKS 2155-304 over a long period, finding no correlation between events in different radiation ranges. The data also failed to show the expected relationship between X-ray flares and higher-energy photon observations.
Light-field microscopy (LFM) enables snapshot volumetric acquisition, allowing for faster synchronous three-dimensional information. Recent advances have made LFM practical for high-speed neuroimaging, particularly in calcium imaging and voltage imaging.
A team in Japan has created a propellor-shaped lipid mimic molecule that forms stable 'islands' in a 'sea' of lipid, achieving phase separation and high thermal stability. This new design principle can be used to engineer domains in artificial membrane materials for various applications.
A new study published in JNCCN finds that a cost-effective education program targeting survivors and their doctors can increase screening rates for skin cancer. The study showed that practical solutions can close the gap between elevated risks and low screening rates, especially after transitioning out of specialty care.
JMIR Publications has partnered with UMass Chan Medical School to provide unlimited open access publishing in over 30 high-impact journals. The agreement eliminates individual Article Processing Fees (APF) and is supported by the Lamar Soutter Library at UMass Chan.
Scientists have demonstrated that quantum entanglement between photons can be generated directly from sunlight, opening the possibility of more energy-efficient and accessible quantum technologies. The researchers achieved an entanglement rate of about 94% similarity to a perfectly entangled state.
Researchers found that estradiol inhibits mouse THIK-1 by approximately 40%, depending on residues in the pond region of the channel. This effect has potential physiological or pathological significance for THIK-1 variants, with implications for microglia and macrophage function.
Researchers studied mice with altered VANGL1 protein to understand oocyte transport through the oviduct. Despite irregular fold alignment, cilia maintained orientation and transport was successful.
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University are developing a sustainable, AI-guided system to remove excess phosphorus from freshwater systems, preventing harmful algal blooms. The technology combines durable 3D-printed structures with AI-powered monitoring and optimization.
A Sungkyunkwan University undergrad researcher developed a new AI system named 'UAV-NAS' that accurately identifies drones while consuming very little power, improving battery efficiency by 88.7%. This technology has significant implications for real-time drone monitoring in military and industrial settings.
The new device operates in the strong light–matter coupling regime, allowing researchers to study nonlinear polariton interactions. The platform makes organic laser devices more accessible for studying polariton interactions.
A new dictionary of early Christian Latin will index the corpus of Latin Christian literature from Tertullian to Isidore, documenting its evolution and influence on vocabulary, ideas, institutions, society, law, and religion. The DFG is funding €1.4M for the project's first phase.
Researchers have developed a durable, compostable leather-like fabric from mycelium fibers. The production process is promising and could enable large-scale production of affordable, eco-friendly materials.
Kyushu University researchers create a self-healing hydrogel packaging that tracks food spoilage through color changes, extending shelf life by 12 hours. The material can also repair itself, making it more durable and reliable in practical use.
New research in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin suggests that single people can find personal growth through solitude and non-romantic relationships. Up to 82% of singles leverage close relationships to engage in self-expanding experiences, while 18% do so alone.
Dr. Natalie Lui and her team are developing a molecular imaging agent, pan800, to identify lung cancer tumors during surgery. This technique aims to reduce complications and recurrence by enabling surgeons to achieve complete removal of tumors.
Researchers developed formulas to determine optimal subsidies for wildfire prevention efforts, finding that a certain threshold of subsidy is necessary to encourage broad participation. Early adoption by a few households can lead to widespread protection and community preparedness.
A new study found that nearly two-thirds of educational psychologists reported a backlog of over 220 EHCNAs, limiting their capacity for early intervention. The profession faces rising demand, a 40% workforce shortage, and a surge in tribunal appeals.
ASTRA-Net helps reconstruct overlooked peripheral airways, creating more complete maps for bronchoscopy procedures. The AI framework demonstrates strong performance in identifying fine peripheral airways and supports navigation to difficult-to-reach lung lesions.
A new study from San Diego Zoo Wildlife Alliance has developed a less invasive method to measure the body temperature of hatchling Mojave desert tortoises, reducing disturbance and handling stress. The handheld infrared thermal camera provides a reliable estimate of internal body temperature under various conditions.
Researchers have successfully engineered plants to produce myoglobin, an important component of animal muscle, using a gene gun to insert the genes into chloroplasts. The yield was approximately three times higher than when inserted into the nuclear genome, paving the way for plant-grown meat production.
A team of scientists at NIST identified a pervasive error in data analysis that can give misleading insights into how nanomaterials' properties depend on their size. They developed a mathematical correction to reveal the true relationship, which will help nanoscience and nanotechnology fulfill its potential.
Scientists have discovered a genetic link to back pain, finding that changes in gene activity can lead to the breakdown of spinal discs. The study suggests that phosphate handling and fat metabolism may hold promise as future drug targets.
Researchers have uncovered a key mechanism explaining how allergic inflammation in the skin can progress to a body-wide allergic response. IL-13 acts on dendritic cells, enhancing their ability to present allergens and promoting immune responses that produce antibodies.
Researchers monitored seven experienced urologists during live robot-assisted procedures, tracking physiological signs of stress. They found four signals reliably tracked surgeon-reported stress: brain activity, muscle tension, heart rate, and natural heart variability.
Researchers developed a novel platinum-cobalt intermetallic catalyst that enables high-performance fuel cells with long-lasting durability. The innovative nanostructured carbon support overcomes the challenge of balancing activity and stability, allowing for improved catalytic performance at high temperatures.
A nationwide study in Japan suggests that fully remote work and stable long-term care costs can buffer life satisfaction in shrinking small and medium-sized cities. For adults, work-life balance became more strongly associated with life satisfaction, while for older adults, caregiving support became more important.
A recent study found that night shift workers are nearly twice as likely to develop long COVID, with chronic insomnia further increasing the risk. The study, published in the Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health, highlights the importance of healthy sleep habits in preventing long COVID.
UniSpec delivers lossless LLM acceleration without retraining while adapting automatically to different hardware platforms and multilingual workloads. The framework achieves up to 2.6× faster inference than existing methods across multiple models, hardware, and languages.