Articles tagged with Environmental Health
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new European study found that families with a higher socioeconomic position are at a greater risk of exposure to environmental chemical contaminants. Pregnant women and their children from more affluent backgrounds had higher levels of pollutants such as PFAS, mercury, and pesticides in their bodies.
A new review suggests that educational programs, behavioral strategies, and environmental modifications can improve sleep quality and duration among employees. The study found that workplace interventions yielded positive results in most studies, leading to better sleep outcomes and decreased absenteeism.
Researchers at the University of Kent found that virtual reality helped patients recall old memories, providing positive mental stimulation. The study also showed improved social interaction between patients and their caregivers, as well as a boost in mood and motivation.
Researchers have found microorganisms in toxic sites like the Berkeley Pit, which produce potent molecules with potential human medicine uses. These molecules show anti-cancer and antibiotic activities, offering new hope for treating diseases such as cancer and antibiotic-resistant infections.
A team of scientists conducted a comprehensive health evaluation on Bronx River turtles, discovering the presence of various environmental contaminants, including PCBs, heavy metals, viruses, and bacteria. The study established a baseline for future comparisons, expanding knowledge of turtle health markers and ecosystems.
The largest study of its kind has identified 190 links between genetic code and birth weight, with two-thirds being discovered for the first time. Both maternal and fetal genetic effects play a role in influencing birth weight, with some genes promoting growth while others restrict it.
Researchers discovered that reports of human cases of West Nile virus were delayed by two to 14 weeks between illness onset and confirmation. Accurate and reliable forecasts are possible using real-time reports of human and mosquito testing positive for the virus.
A study found that over 80% of Chinese diagnosed with hypertension and/or diabetes in 2011 were unaware of their conditions years later. Despite increased screening, disease awareness remained limited, highlighting the need for improved communication and follow-up care.
A study by Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health found that 27% of popular e-cigarette products contained endotoxin, a microbial agent found on Gram-negative bacteria, while 81% contained glucan, a fungus cell wall component. Exposure to these toxins has been linked to respiratory problems and inflammation in humans.
The Columbia Mailman School's John Rowe identifies five principal domains for measuring successful aging: Productivity and Engagement, Well-Being, Equity, Cohesion, and Security. Middle-income elders will face challenges in education, work, retirement, healthcare, and housing.
Two proteins, glucocorticoid receptor and mineralocorticoid receptor, work together to support heart health in mice. The study's findings may lead to the development of therapeutic compounds that help people with an increased risk of a heart attack by regulating cortisol levels.
Researchers from the University of Illinois at Chicago found that injured miners who worked shifts longer than 9 hours tended to have irregular schedules or less than two years on the job. Long work shifts were associated with a 32% increased risk of injury resulting in death and a 73% increased risk of multiple worker injuries.
Researchers from Virginia Tech are undertaking an economic and environmental impact assessment for BOHEMIA, a four-year project using ivermectin MDA campaigns in Tanzania and Mozambique. The study aims to evaluate the potential indirect economic benefits of improved human and livestock productivity.
Dr. Constance Nathanson, a professor at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health, has been awarded the Guggenheim Foundation Fellowship to explore health crises and institutional change in France. Her research compares how HIV contamination of the blood supply played out in France versus the US.
Research in mice and rats reveals a molecular pathway stimulated by physical activity that promotes nerve regeneration after spinal cord injury. A key molecule called CREB-Binding Protein (CBP) is identified as a therapeutic target to increase regeneration, with promising results in animal models.
Scientists discovered that providing rodents with more space, exercise and toys before a spinal cord injury can 'prime' their cells, making it more likely for damaged nerves to regenerate. Researchers also found a key molecule called CREB-Binding Protein (CBP) that may be effectively reprogramming nerve cells.
The ClinEpiDB database has released new data from the MAL-ED study, which investigated environmental exposures early in childhood and their impact on growth and development. The dataset contains over 1.3 million observations covering anthropometrics, nutrition, vaccination status, and more.
A study published in Nature Human Behavior found that genetic factors play a small role in shaping children's health and educational success, while neighborhood conditions have a significant impact. The research team analyzed data from thousands of children living in Britain and Wales, and found that children growing up in worse-off ne...
Community Noise Lab, launched by Dr. Erica Walker, explores the relationship between community noise and health through real-time sound monitoring, lab experiments, and community engagement. The lab aims to inform, empower, and impact communities, sharing ride-sharing science to advance public health research.
A recent study by Columbia University found that over half of gluten-free pizza and pasta dishes in restaurants contained detectable amounts of gluten, with 51% of pasta samples positive for gluten.
Researchers genetically engineered yeast cells to control their response to environment, improving our understanding of cell signaling. This breakthrough has immediate biotechnology uses and could lead to new treatments for diseases by modifying diseased cells.
Research found that daily cannabis use was three times higher among those with past-month serious psychological distress compared to those without it. The study suggests potential consequences of increased cannabis use for vulnerable groups, emphasizing the need for tailored clinical efforts to reduce excessive use.
A new study in the Journal of Humanistic Counseling found strong relationships between ecowellness measures and overall wellness among participants aged 19-84. Counselors can integrate this research by asking clients about ecowellness and incorporating nature-based activities into treatment plans to help them feel effective and whole.
Families of patients who died after medical errors argue that the term 'second victim' is incompatible with patient safety and accountability. They suggest abandoning this term as it reinforces an inward-gazing provider-centric approach to healthcare.
A prospective study found that pregnant women working two or more night shifts in one week had a 32% higher risk of miscarriage the following week. The association between night work and miscarriage was strongest after week eight of pregnancy.
Researchers discovered a novel strategy used by microorganisms to survive in the hypersaline environment of the Dead Sea subsurface. They found that remains from extreme halophilic archaea were recycled by other microbial populations, allowing them to build carbon stocks and mitigate extreme salinity.
Researchers at Saarland University have developed magnetic field sensors that can detect biomagnetic fields produced by the human body under normal ambient conditions. The sensors can detect signal strengths far below a billionth of a tesla, enabling non-contact medical diagnostics and geophysical applications.
Air pollution exposure varies significantly among racial-ethnic groups in the US, with blacks and Hispanics facing higher levels of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) than their individual contributions to total PM2.5 exposure. Consumption patterns also play a crucial role in determining these disparities.
A recent study found that vitamin D levels can modify the response to indoor air pollution in obese urban children with asthma. The research team identified a significant link between low blood vitamin D levels and respiratory problems, as well as an inverse relationship between high blood vitamin D levels and asthma symptoms.
A study published in Nature Communications reveals that genes in lung cells lose synchronized behavior with age, leading to changes in gene activity and metabolic pathways. The researchers also found alterations in the extracellular matrix surrounding lung cells, affecting protein composition.
A study finds that dioxin-contaminated soils and sediments in Vietnam hotspots continue to pollute the country's air, water, and food supply. Millions of Vietnamese live near these sites, putting their health at risk.
Researchers at Aarhus University have found that exposure to a combination of perfluorinated substances in pregnant women significantly impairs fetal growth and development. The study, published in Environmental Health Perspectives, highlights the potential health risks associated with these environmental chemicals.
Research finds that prenatal exposure to phthalates, widely used in personal care products, can lead to long-lasting adverse effects on motor function in children. Girls and boys exposed prenatally may experience increased motor skill deficiencies, affecting daily activities and mental health.
A new UNLV study finds that the quality of fruits and vegetables at dollar stores is comparable to traditional grocery store produce. The research team championed channel blurring, which benefits budget-conscious shoppers by increasing access to healthy, affordable food options.
A Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health study found that middle-aged men who completed more than 40 push-ups had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular disease outcomes over 10 years. The study's findings suggest that push-up capacity could be an easy, cost-effective method to assess cardiovascular disease risk.
The CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy has been awarded a two-year, $200,000 grant to provide 10 scholarships annually to aspiring women or minority graduate students pursuing the Master of Science program in Environmental and Occupational Health. The scholarships will support students' full-time study and experien...
A six-decade-long study found that all women exposed to high levels of DDT before age 54 are at increased breast cancer risk. The timing of first exposure matters, with early infancy and puberty linked to premenopausal cancer and later childhood and adolescence to postmenopause diagnosis.
A six-decade-long study found that all women exposed to high levels of DDT are at increased risk for breast cancer before age 54, with the timing of cancer risk depending on when they were first exposed. Women exposed in infancy and early childhood were most likely to develop premenopausal breast cancer.
Researchers found a correlation between accumulation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals and equine metabolic syndrome severity, suggesting these chemicals may contribute to the disease. The study suggests that reducing exposure to EDCs could help prevent EMS in horses.
Using a health exchange network can facilitate electronic disease reporting, improving compliance with public health laws and increasing completeness of reports. A novel decision support tool has been designed to automate the process of primary care clinics reporting case information to public health offices.
Hokkaido University researchers developed a new strategy for solid-state palladium-catalysed cross-coupling reactions using mechanochemistry, enabling efficient solvent-free synthesis of organic materials. Adding olefin facilitates a more efficient reaction, increasing conversion rates from less than 30% to 99%.
A Vanderbilt University study found that women's hormonal cycles play a critical role in drug addiction and relapse. When fertility-related hormone levels are high, females are more prone to seek rewards and make stronger associations with environmental cues, leading to higher relapse rates.
A team of researchers at Duke University has determined the structure of the TRPM8 protein, which is responsible for sensing cold and menthol. The findings suggest that PIP2 and cooling agents like menthol cooperate to control structural changes in TRPM8, potentially leading to new treatments for chronic pain and migraine.
A Drexel University study found that nail salon employees are exposed to hazardous chemicals and experience acute symptoms, highlighting the need for intervention and policy change. The researchers propose simple protective practices, such as mask-wearing and proper ventilation, to improve workplace safety.
A new European Fans in Training (EuroFIT) program has shown promise in increasing physical activity among male football fans in Europe. The 12-week group-based program resulted in improved physical activity and reduced sedentary time, with participants also experiencing improvements in diet, body weight, and well-being.
Researchers review novel research hypotheses and approaches to understand the role of environment in Parkinson's disease, particularly before diagnosis. The study suggests targeting specific environmental factors via the nose or gut may help prevent or modify the disease's progression.
Researchers developed an AI-powered method to correct errors in single-cell RNA sequencing, enabling precise data for every cell. The algorithm, called kBET, quantifies differences between experiments and facilitates comparison of correction results.
The NIH has launched a new fellowship program to support the next generation of African scientific leaders. The program aims to build research capacity in African countries and develop ongoing scientific partnerships.
Researchers studied graphene and related materials' physicochemical characteristics and biological effects, finding varying properties lead to differing toxicity. The study provides a solid guide for safe use of these materials, essential for widespread utilization.
A Michigan State University study found a strong association between high pesticide exposure and impaired sense of smell in aging farmers. Researchers discovered that washing with soap and water within three hours can mitigate the risk, but waiting longer increases it.
A nationwide study investigated socioeconomic disparities in nitrate concentrations in US drinking water, finding that Hispanic residents and systems serving low-income communities had higher nitrate levels. The study suggests that programs targeting these communities may not be effectively assisting them.
Researchers used a massive insurance database to analyze the effects of genes and environment in 560 common conditions among over 56,000 twin pairs. The study found that nearly 40% of diseases had a genetic component, while 25% were driven by environmental factors.
A recent study published in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology analyzed data from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's Severe Asthma Research Program. The research found that African American patients are more likely to experience emergency hospital visits for asthma and have poorer asthma outcomes due to socioecon...
Researchers develop phone-based intervention app to strengthen personal and occupational resources in military personnel, promoting balance and growth values. The project's goal is to improve the quality of life for military personnel, addressing stressors such as separation from family and frequent relocation.
A new analysis reveals states adopting guideline levels lower than the US EPA's health advisory levels for PFAS, highlighting the need for enforceable federal standards. States consider additional health effects, such as developmental problems and cancer risk, in their decisions.
Researchers discovered bone and tooth specimens of wild camels, elephants, horses, and antelopes at Azraq Basin site, providing insights into ancestral human adaptation to changing environments. The team found evidence of butchery and suggests that humans may have faced challenges from predatory competitors like lions and hyenas.
A new computer model simulates the spread of MRSA infections in hospitals and community settings, revealing hidden transmission dynamics and predicting patient infection risks. The model estimates that up to 61% of hospital-acquired MRSA infections are imported from the community.
Researchers found that children's health is less negatively affected when parents have control over their work lives. Autonomous parents are better able to regulate themselves and their parenting, leading to healthier outcomes for their children. This suggests that workplaces can play a role in promoting job autonomy to support families.
A comprehensive review of air pollution effects in children reveals adverse birth outcomes, cognitive and behavioral problems, asthma incidence, and potentially childhood cancer. The study estimates that over 40% of environmental disease burden is borne by children under five.
A new study published in Occupational & Environmental Medicine suggests that workplace resilience programs may not have a positive impact on employees' mental health and wellbeing. The researchers found no evidence that a specific program improved recruits' mental health and attitudes towards mental illness after training.