Articles tagged with Cancer Immunotherapy
Researchers have identified collagen features as valuable biomarkers for evaluating melanoma immunotherapy response. Single-fiber characteristics were found to be more sensitive to treatment-induced changes than bulk collagen features, offering insights into collagen remodeling over time.
Researchers from Penn Medicine's Abramson Cancer Center and Perelman School of Medicine will present results from clinical trials for esophageal cancer, CAR T cell therapy, and ovarian cancer. The meeting will feature more than 200 sessions on AI in cancer care.
A recent study uses AI to analyze body composition in patients with lung cancer treated with immunotherapy, finding that changes in muscle mass and fat quality are important indicators of outcomes. The research provides a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between body composition and response to immunotherapy.
A novel therapy has been developed to reprogram macrophage immune cells, shifting their balance toward antitumor activity. The treatment, JHU083, blocks the use of glutamine in tumors, reducing growth and triggering cell death. It also boosts immune-activating macrophages, recruiting tumor-killing T-cells and natural killer cells.
Researchers found that a specific strain of gut bacteria enhances the effects of cancer immunotherapy, leading to tumor shrinkage. The discovery could lead to next-generation probiotics that synergize with immunotherapy to improve cancer care.
A Cleveland Clinic-led team of scientists discovered that protein VISTA can directly turn off tumor-fighting T-cells during immunotherapy and resist treatment. The interaction between VISTA and a newly discovered inhibitory receptor LRIG1 suppresses T cell replication, survival, and function.
Researchers found that ARID1A mutation renders tumors sensitive to immunotherapy by triggering an antiviral immune response. This could lead to improved patient outcomes and the development of targeted therapies.
Researchers discuss therapeutic opportunities for hypermutated urothelial carcinomas that are resistant to immunotherapy, including the potential of targeted therapies. High TMB is associated with defects in mismatch repair proteins and can lead to increased sensitivity to cancer treatments.
Dr. Jedd Wolchok joins the Vilcek Foundation board with a wealth of experience in immunotherapy and oncology, having previously served as a juror for the foundation's Creative Promise prizes. His appointment comes after establishing himself as a leader in his field through groundbreaking research and clinical trials.
Researchers developed a predictive model, TRTpred, to identify the most potent cancer killing immune cells using artificial intelligence. The model achieved 90% accuracy in identifying tumor-reactive T cells and can be applied to personalized cancer treatments.
A study published in Science reveals two patterns of tumor-infiltrating B cell responses: germinal center-like and extra-follicular. The former is associated with anti-tumor immunity, while the latter is linked to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Researchers propose targeting atypical memory B cells for cancer immunotherapy.
Researchers from Wyss Institute and Harvard University developed a biomaterial vaccine that enhances and sustains lymph node expansion, leading to more effective anti-tumor responses. The vaccine formulation, based on microscale mesoporous silica rods, reprograms antigen-presenting cells to orchestrate complex immune responses.
Researchers at DKFZ and UMM found that NK cells can impair the effect of cancer therapies using immune checkpoint inhibitors by controlling activated T cells. They identified B7H6 as a recognition molecule for NK cell attacks, which could limit excessive activation and expansion of T cells.
Researchers developed an in-situ cancer vaccine that targets mutated proteins on cancer cells and triggers immunity. The vaccine was combined with chemotherapy, increasing survival rates in AML patients.
Researchers at the University of Chicago show that a drug molecule targeting RNA modifications associated with neuroblastoma suppresses tumor growth in mice. High levels of METTL3 expression were linked to significantly lower survival rates in patients, suggesting it drives tumor growth.
Researchers at the University of Wisconsin-Madison have developed a novel approach to treating pancreatic cancer using nano-drugs delivered via bacteria. The treatment bypasses the dense collagen barrier surrounding tumors, allowing for more effective delivery of immunotherapies.
Researchers found a strong association between favorable survival outcomes and high populations of tissue-resident memory T cells in melanoma patients. The study identified 11 distinct gene signatures that correlate with T cell abundance and patient survival, suggesting a crucial role for T cells in immunomodulation.
A new anticoagulant with on-demand reversible activity has been developed by a team from UNIGE and the University of Sydney. This breakthrough offers a more reliable and easier-to-use option for surgical procedures, reducing the risk of serious bleeding associated with current treatments.
Researchers at Aarhus University have identified a way to regulate cholesterol levels to improve immunotherapies for cancer and other illnesses. By manipulating STING protein activity, they aim to bolster the body's natural defences against disease.
Researchers discovered that the anatomical location of pancreatic tumors impacts treatment outcomes, suggesting a tumor-location-based model for improving patient care. The findings may lead to more specific treatment plans and better immunotherapy effectiveness.
Researchers at the University of Notre Dame found that adding a pre-ketone supplement to an immunotherapy treatment significantly reduced prostate cancer in laboratory settings. The combination therapy made tumors sensitive to immunotherapy, leading to 23% tumor cure rates and dramatic shrinking.
Researchers at TUM have uncovered a mechanism by which tumor cells prevent the formation of immune responses, including cytotoxic T cells. This discovery provides rationales for new cancer immunotherapies and could enhance existing treatments.
The FDA has approved the use of N-803, an immunotherapy drug, in combination with BCG for treating patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer who did not respond to conventional treatment. The approval is based on a trial led by UCLA's Dr. Karim Chamie, which showed improved outcomes and longer overall survival rates.
Researchers discovered that liver cells secrete SAA proteins, which hinder T cell infiltration and attack tumors. Deleting SAA proteins increased survival times and likelihood of cures in mice with pancreatic tumors.
A new study developed two machine learning models to quantify CD8+ cell positivity and classify the immunophenotype of cancer specimens in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The models hold promise for identifying patients who may benefit from immunotherapy.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have discovered how to overcome resistance to conventional immunotherapies in metastatic uveal melanoma. They developed a clinical tool called Uveal Melanoma Immunogenic Score (UMIS) to predict patient response and improve treatment outcomes.
Tetracycline antibiotics have been found to enhance the antitumor activity of T lymphocytes by targeting galactin-1, an immunosuppressive protein produced by cancer cells. This breakthrough discovery may lead to the development of new drugs that target different immune pathways and benefit patients with cancer.
Researchers at Insilico Medicine have developed a novel PTPN2/N1 inhibitor with improved oral absorption and robust antitumor efficacy using the company's generative AI engine. The new compound demonstrates enhanced biological activities compared to existing inhibitors, offering new treatment possibilities for cancer patients.
A pilot study by UCLA Health investigators suggests that treating patients with immunotherapy and chemotherapy before surgery may improve long-term outcomes for those with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer. The study found a higher rate of successful tumor removal and increased overall survival when compared to historical controls.
Recent trials have shown that testing for tumour DNA in the blood can identify advanced bladder cancer patients who are less likely to relapse after surgery, allowing doctors to target treatments more effectively.
Purdue University researchers create biocompatible nanoparticles modified with ATP that slowly release anti-cancer drugs and recruit immune cells to fight tumors. In mouse studies, these nanoparticles improved the effectiveness of paclitaxel against various types of cancers, including those in distant locations.
Researchers assessed the feasibility of dual PD-L1/CTLA-4 checkpoint inhibition in Stage II or III hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer. Eight patients received upfront durvalumab and tremelimumab prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, showing mixed responses and limited benefit.
Researchers developed a method using lipid nanoparticles to activate T cells and deliver genetic instructions in one step, simplifying the CAR T cell manufacturing process. This new approach reduces production time from 48 hours to 24 hours and increases accessibility to patients worldwide.
A new therapy combines gene-modified dendritic cells with immunotherapy to promote a stronger immune response against lung cancer. The treatment slows down tumor growth and activates T cells to attack cancer cells systemically.
Researchers present findings on immunotherapy approaches, a potential biomarker for neuroendocrine carcinomas, and improved treatments for pancreatic cancer and melanoma. A UCLA team identified UCHL1 as a molecular indicator and therapeutic target for aggressive neuroendocrine cancers.
Researchers have discovered a new immunotherapy approach to overcome resistant leukemia by targeting the mutated TP53 gene. Combining pharmacological therapies with genetically engineered CAR T-cells increases effectiveness against cancer cells, offering promising strategies for patients with resistant disease.
New data show that adding pembrolizumab to chemotherapy before and after surgery for breast cancer leads to better outcomes, with significant increases in pathological complete response rates across all age groups. The study also found similar rates of breast-conserving surgery and mastectomy, as well as lower residual cancer burdens.
The ALEXANDRA/IMpassion030 phase 3 trial found that adding atezolizumab to chemotherapy after surgery did not improve survival for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer patients. Researchers also found no benefit in different sub-groups, such as those with lymph node spread and PD-L1 positive cancer.
A new genetic test has identified patients with triple negative early-stage breast cancer who are unlikely to respond to immunotherapy drugs. The test, called ImPrintTN, can predict a patient's likelihood of responding to these treatments and help avoid severe side effects.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Medicine found that circulating tumor DNA levels can accurately assess how gastroesophageal cancers respond to treatment and predict future prognosis. The study tracked minimal residual disease by analyzing ctDNA, showing a correlation between ctDNA clearance and cancer-free survival.
A study by UNC researchers found that a metabolic enzyme called Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase (ACC) causes T cells to store fat rather than burning it for energy in solid tumors. Inhibiting ACC expression allowed T cells to persist better in tumors, leading to potential breakthroughs in immunotherapies like CAR T-cell therapies.
Researchers have identified specific bacterial strains linked to a positive response to combination immunotherapy in rare gynaecological cancers, biliary tract cancers, and melanoma. A microbiome signature can predict individual responses to treatment, paving the way for personalized medicine and next-generation probiotics.
Seven high-impact studies will be showcased, exploring novel therapies and improving treatment outcomes for patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. These findings highlight advancements in immunotherapy, risk-directed adjuvant therapy, and FDG-PET-based selective de-escalation of radiotherapy.
Researchers developed an oxidative stress-based prognostic model for bladder cancer, identifying distinct molecular subtypes and predicting patient outcomes. The model shows promise in tailoring personalized treatment approaches, particularly for patients with low-risk profiles.
A combination of CS1002 and CS1003 showed promising anti-tumor activity and a manageable safety profile across various dosing ranges in patients with advanced solid tumors. The treatment was found to be effective in certain types of cancers, including melanoma and skin cancer.
Researchers at City of Hope have developed a new approach to target and destroy hard-to-kill leukemia stem cells. The therapy method uses Type II interferon to disrupt the cancer cells' ability to divide, and a T cell engager antibody to create a bridge between the immune system and the leukemia stem cells.
A subset of blood cells, specifically neutrophils expressing the Ly6Ehi protein, can predict immunotherapy treatment response in cancer patients. This discovery has the potential to improve patient outcomes by enabling more targeted and effective treatments.
A new genetic signature of 140 genes may predict enhanced disease-free survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with immunotherapy and low-dose radiation. The signature is associated with aggressive tumor growth but also increased immunity and tissue repair after treatment.
Researchers highlight difficulties in targeting metastatic tumors and propose two- and three-drug combinations to achieve effective tumor control. They also emphasize the need for simultaneous blocking of primary driving oncogene, evolving resistance mechanism, and secondary survival pathway.
A study by UC Davis Health found that a single dose of BCG reduced liver tumor burden and extended the survival of mice with liver cancer. The vaccine boosted the body's immunity, leading to tumor shrinkage and improved liver function.
A recent study used AI trained on cell-to-cell communication networks to predict drug responsiveness in immunotherapy for cancer. The model demonstrated high accuracy in analyzing samples from 700 patients with four types of cancer, identifying key communication pathways related to responsiveness and resistance.
A research team has identified an immune biomarker that explains why some patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) fail to respond to immunotherapy. The biomarker could lead to the development of new immunotherapies by restoring an effective immune response against HCC.
Researchers have developed a new immunotherapy based on STAb cells that outperforms existing CAR-T treatment in laboratory trials. The new therapy recruits natural T cells to fight cancer cells and overcomes limitations of current treatments.
Researchers identify a promising prognostic biomarker for lung cancer using circulating tumor DNA-based minimal residual disease detection. The study found that this method can effectively guide treatment decisions and predict recurrence risk, potentially modifying the lung cancer treatment paradigm.
A Phase II trial found that neoadjuvant immunotherapy significantly reduced residual tumor and improved overall survival for patients with undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, with 90% having less than 15% viable tumor cells remaining. The treatment approach is a promising option for patients with limited systemic therapy options.
A new study has identified a genetic marker that can predict which patients are likely to respond to immunotherapy in various types of cancer. Tumors with high intragenic rearrangement (IGR) burden, which indicates cryptic structural rearrangements of the genetic code, may respond better to immunotherapy.
Researchers discovered that VISTA induces immune suppressor cells called myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) through a feedback loop involving STAT3 and polyamines. This pathway has high translational impact for several human cancers, offering promising drug targets.
Researchers develop a new strategy to make CAR T cell therapy more effective and safer by targeting multiple surface proteins on malignant tumour cells. The approach shows promise in fighting cancer cells while sparing healthy B lymphocytes.
Scientists at Northwestern University and UCSF have developed a new technique to enhance the potency of human T cells against cancer. By studying mutations in malignant T cells, they were able to create T cells that can kill tumors derived from skin, lung, and stomach cancers in mice.
Researchers have engineered T cells with a mutation found in malignant lymphoma cells, making them more than 100 times potent at killing cancer cells. The new approach shows promise against solid tumors and could provide long-term immunity against cancer.