Articles tagged with Pediatrics
A new multicenter study published in Journal of Hospital Medicine found significant reductions in pediatric emergency visits and hospitalizations for common illnesses like asthma and pneumonia. The trend is attributed to public health measures such as masking, social distancing, and handwashing instituted during the pandemic.
A five-day course of high-dose amoxicillin is an effective treatment for children six months to 10 years old with common pneumonia. The study found that 85.7% of those who received the short course were cured two to three weeks later.
A study analyzing verbal autopsies from 230 families found that almost 83% of infants experienced delays in care, including family decisions and transportation issues. Simple low-tech interventions can potentially save many infant lives by addressing these complex issues.
Researchers found highly activated T cells and vascular patrolling CD8 T cells in children with MIS-C, which subsided with clinical improvement. The study provides a broad immunologic foundation for understanding pathogenesis and recovery in this novel SARS-CoV-2-associated inflammatory syndrome.
A study published in Academic Pediatrics found that parents who reported more child car seat hassles were less likely to follow American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations on child passenger safety. Parents who identified more hassles were more likely to have their children travel unrestrained or not use a car seat consistently.
A new study suggests that child abuse cases surged during the pandemic, despite initial declines in ER visits and hospital admissions. Researchers found little difference in the severity of injuries compared to pre-pandemic years, suggesting physical abuse may have decreased across all severity levels.
A research review recommends physicians conduct regular screenings, adopt a high level of suspicion, and intervene early with families at risk for pediatric Type 2 diabetes. The study highlights the importance of addressing underlying factors such as weight issues, food insecurity, and stress to slow the youth diabetes epidemic.
A new study reveals unique immune features of severe pediatric COVID-19, including increased activation of killer T cells and prolonged B cell frequencies. These findings may inform treatments for severe COVID-19 in children.
Youth Medicaid enrollment in managed care increased from 65% in 2000 to 94% in 2017, but preventive care coverage fell short of the 80% goal. The study found significant increases in preventive care services in 17 states and decreases in six states, with Tennessee seeing the largest increase and North Carolina the largest decrease.
The article highlights the importance of pediatric nephrologists' involvement in caring for children with cancer, from diagnosis to treatment and beyond. Key findings include the increasing need for onco-nephrology expertise due to rising childhood cancer rates and advances in therapy protocols.
This study analyzed US pediatric patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) compared to those with severe COVID-19. The findings highlighted key differences in clinical characteristics, hospital and postdischarge outcomes, and complications between the two groups.
Researchers at UH Rainbow Babies & Children's Hospital studied the impact of face masks on heart rate and oxygen levels. The study found that wearing a cloth or surgical mask did not impair oxygenation in healthy adults, either at rest or during physical activity.
A new study by UT Southwestern scientists reveals distinct characteristics of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and autoimmune encephalitis (AE), which may enable better treatment outcomes for patients. Slight differences in clinical features, lab results, and imaging findings can help distinguish between the two conditions.
The article provides valuable insights into identifying signs of teen vaping, ways to prevent it, and strategies for supporting addicted teens. Parents can take proactive steps by understanding the warning signs and knowing how to approach their child about this growing concern.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia analyzed seven patients with MIS-C-associated rashes and found several common types, including small-to-medium annular plaques on the chest and back, and purpura in the center. The study aims to help doctors and parents identify suspicious rashes and seek further examination.
A NYU-led study shows that a first-of-its-kind parenting program significantly improves parent-child interactions in low-income families. The Smart Beginnings Project addresses early childhood development challenges, providing a comprehensive approach to promoting school readiness and equity.
Using sensor-based asthma inhalers may improve control of the condition and enhance the quality of life for caregivers. The study found that non-Hispanic Black participants experienced the greatest gains in asthma symptom control.
Researchers analyzed 751 pediatric patients treated for solid tumors and found germline genomic sequencing details for inherited gene mutations. This information can help guide treatment, family screening, and prevent future cancers.
A recent NIH study found that women are less likely to be represented as chairs and reviewers on study sections, especially in institutes with higher total funding. Women are also more likely to hold lower academic ranks and temporary memberships.
Pediatric hospital admissions declined across various conditions in 2020, indicating potential gaps in pediatric care during the pandemic. The study's findings suggest a need for improved healthcare infrastructure and resource allocation.
The largest multi-center study of cisplatin-induced hearing loss reveals that permanent hearing loss occurs in 20-90% of patients, with higher doses and vincristine use increasing risk. The study establishes benchmarks for the prevalence of hearing loss and provides insights into how adjusting dosing approaches can minimize side effects.
Researchers have demonstrated a new treatment called KEDRAB to be safe and effective for use in children with rabies, marking the first pediatric trial of any human rabies immunoglobulin currently available in the US. The study found no deaths or serious adverse events among participants, and most side effects were mild.
Scientists have devised a new method to detect and potentially treat two rare pediatric diseases, Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and Silver-Russell syndrome, by measuring IGF2 levels in amniotic fluid. Treatment with an FDA-approved cancer medication before birth has shown promise in normalizing fetal growth in mouse models.
A new Northwestern University study found 2.9% of US adults have a current peanut allergy, with approximately one in five experiencing severe reactions each year. The study also revealed that patients who developed their peanut allergy after age 18 are less likely to report having an epinephrine auto-injector prescription.
A study by Weill Cornell Medicine found that COVID-19 transmission was extremely low among children and staff at North Carolina day camps, with only two cases linked to possible on-site transmission. The camps implemented strict safety measures, including masking, distancing, and frequent hand washing, which helped avoid viral spread.
A new screening tool, The Reading House (TRH), assesses early literacy skills in preschool-age children and has been validated as a potential identifier of reading difficulties. TRH measures core skills predictive of reading success and identifies relationships between screened skills and early brain development in the brain.
Researchers at University of Missouri-Columbia found that flu vaccination significantly reduces COVID-19 symptoms and complications in children. The review of over 900 pediatric patients with COVID-19 showed that those who received the flu vaccine had lower odds of experiencing respiratory problems or severe disease.
Researchers found that genetic mutations, such as IKZF1 deletion and CRLF2 translocations, occur more frequently in Hispanic and Latino children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), leading to poorer outcomes. A novel therapeutic drug combination may help address this disparity.
Researchers developed an enhanced CMV detection method that accurately detects the infection in newborns with almost 90% accuracy. This improvement enables earlier intervention, which can improve hearing, speech, language, and intellectual/neurodevelopmental outcomes for affected children.
A study found that Black and Hispanic children are less likely to undergo medical imaging tests compared to White children. The disparity is attributed to both unnecessary testing in White children and underuse in minority children, potentially due to implicit bias among providers.
A study found that young autistic drivers have lower rates of moving violations and license suspensions, as well as similar crash rates compared to non-autistic peers. However, they were more likely to be involved in crashes while making left- or U-turns and failing to yield for other vehicles or pedestrians.
A new study by Nationwide Children's Hospital found that poor-quality housing is independently associated with poorer pediatric health, including asthma, and a greater number of medical visits. The study suggests ways healthcare providers and housing programs can address these findings to improve children's health.
Researchers evaluated new COVID-19-related pediatric resuscitation procedures using simulation to identify problems and improve guidelines. The study found that two nurses were needed at the patient's bedside during resuscitation to prevent task overload, and communication needed refinement due to PPE limitations.
A recent study assessed the increase in pediatric cases of alcohol-based hand sanitizer eye exposure during the COVID-19 pandemic. The severity and management of ocular lesions were also evaluated.
A study of 1,347 pediatric tumors found NTRK fusions in 29 cases, detected in 13% of papillary thyroid carcinomas and 1.9% of CNS tumors, offering new insights into prioritizing screening for targeted treatment with TRK inhibitors.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have successfully used a new, biodegradable magnesium-alloy stent to treat pediatric laryngotracheal stenosis. The stent showed promising results in both lab testing and rabbit models, with low degradation rates and no adverse problems.
A national group of pediatric addiction medicine experts developed six principles of care for young adults with substance use disorder, emphasizing compassion, therapeutic optimism, and social justice. The supplement aims to elevate national discussions on addressing these challenges and improve outcomes for this unique population.
The System of Hospitals for Innovation in Pediatrics - Medical Devices (SHIP-MD) Virtual Workshop will focus on accelerating medical device development for children. The workshop aims to enhance safe and effective pediatric care options by addressing challenges such as clinical trials, funding, and regulatory approval.
A study found nearly half of summer camps didn't have official policies requiring campers be vaccinated, with only 39% mandating staffers vaccinations. Camps allow unvaccinated children with nonmedical exemptions to attend programs.
Researchers analyzed COVID-19 hospitalization trends in 22 states to assess severity and spread of the virus in pediatric population. The study found significant variations in hospitalization rates across states, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to prevent further transmission.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on children with disabilities, with those requiring rehabilitation often facing delays in care. Telemedicine is emerging as a vital tool to mitigate this impact and improve healthcare outcomes for vulnerable populations.
A year after COVID-19's impact on children was first assessed, researchers have found that children are less likely to get severely sick than adults, yet some still experience serious symptoms. The study provides guidance for keeping families safe as children grow and thrive.
A new study from Children's National Hospital found that children and young adults are more impacted by COVID-19 than previously believed. Minority children had a higher likelihood of infection compared to non-Hispanic white children.
Researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital found a 10% drop in MMR vaccine uptake among children aged 16 months. The study highlights the need for preventive care visits during the pandemic, despite safety concerns.
The Endocrine Society and Pediatric Endocrine Society call for evidence-based policies governing transgender and gender diverse health care. Reversible treatments are recommended for adolescents, and patients should determine the course of treatment with healthcare providers.
A study of 1,226 individuals with Takayasu arteritis identified new genetic associations that can predict individual susceptibility to the disease. The researchers also discovered novel molecules and pathways that can be targeted for therapy, providing hope for developing more effective treatments.
A new study has found that bullied lesbian, gay, and bisexual students are more likely to carry weapons. The research also reveals that bullying and harassment are strongly associated with weapon carrying among sexual minority youth.
The COVID-19 pandemic has worsened existing health disparities in pediatric care, with increased gaps in physical and mental health services. Telehealth can help bridge these gaps, reducing healthcare disparities.
A new study published in the Annals of the American Thoracic Society found a significant decrease in pediatric asthma-related emergency department visits during the spring 2020 COVID-19 lockdown. The rate of ED visits dropped by 80% compared to previous years, indicating improved symptom control and reduced exacerbations.
A $2.1 million federal grant will enhance clinical trial access in five areas, including care before birth and obesity, with the goal of improving health outcomes for all Louisiana children and potentially slowing or preventing chronic diseases like asthma.
The American Pediatric Society has announced its new class of 55 distinguished members, including leaders in child health education, research, policy, and clinical practice. These individuals have made significant contributions to advancing the field of academic pediatrics.
Researchers found that linking outpatient providers to hospitalists improved reduced hospital days, readmissions, and PICU stays. Parents also reported higher satisfaction rates with inpatient care.
A comprehensive analysis of proteins, genes, and RNA transcription in pediatric brain tumors has provided new understanding of these tumors. The study identified two distinct subgroups of pediatric craniopharyngioma with potential therapeutic avenues for treatment.
A study of over 135,000 pediatric patients found that 4% tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, with severe disease seen in 7%, mostly among those with underlying medical conditions. Children from ethnic minorities and adolescents were more likely to test positive.
A new study by Boston Medical Center reveals that opioid overdose deaths involving multiple substances are more prevalent among youth than opioid-only deaths. Cocaine and other stimulants were found to be the most common substances involved in these deaths, contributing to a significant increase in rates between 2010 and 2018.
This observational study describes testing and outcomes for nearly 136,000 US pediatric patients. The study found no significant association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 illness in this population.
A study found that pediatric CT use for abdominal pain decreased from 1.2% to 0.6% between 1997 and 2016, while adult CT use increased from 3.9% to 37.8% during the same period., Children evaluated in pediatric EDs were at lower odds of receiving CT than those in general EDs for abdominal pain with appendicitis diagnosis.
A medical case series presents three teenagers with unexplained breathing problems during the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting similarities between vaping-related lung injury and COVID-19 symptoms. The study emphasizes the importance of considering EVALI in pediatric patients with respiratory failure and recommends vaping cessation coun...
Experts advocate for a new framework that embeds social factors, is guided by antiracist principles and considers contextual factors like race and ethnicity. The goal is to move beyond biological explanations and address structural racism and other societal issues.
A pediatric patient with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery developed severe heart failure at 3 months old. The authors review a case and discuss the challenges in early diagnosis, highlighting the importance of considering ALCAPA as a differential diagnosis.