Articles tagged with Surgery
A study of nearly 49,000 obese patients found that bariatric surgery significantly lowers mortality rates, with a 57% reduction in all-cause deaths compared to non-surgical patients. Cardiovascular disease and cancer were the leading causes of death in both groups.
A survey of 255 dermatology patients found that professional attire, including white coats, was the most preferred, with 73% of responses. Surgical attire was preferred in only 19% of responses, suggesting a possible link between physician appearance and patient perceptions.
A new study found that readmission rates after complex cancer operations are higher in hospitals serving vulnerable populations, such as those with high Medicaid patients or serving as safety nets. The study suggests that payment penalties tied to readmissions may create unintended consequences on financially strained institutions.
Researchers found that nearly half of women over 75 with stage III/IV cancer do not have surgery, while black and American Indian women are 35% less likely to receive surgery than white women. Surgical treatment is associated with a fourfold increase in survival for patients.
A new study at a UK hospital found that refusing access to the recovery room unless the full WHO Safe Surgery Checklist is complete improves its use. The checklist has been proven to improve safety standards and reduce surgical complications.
A free colonoscopy program for uninsured patients has been shown to detect cancer at an earlier stage and appears to be cost-neutral. The program, which was expanded to all hospitals in Louisville, is being hailed as a model for statewide implementation in Kentucky.
A recent Cochrane review found insufficient evidence to conclude that dressings reduce surgical site infection. However, dressings may provide a barrier to direct injury and reduce patient anxiety. The authors recommend using basic, low-absorbency dressings at a cost of a few pence per dressing.
Researchers found that surgeons differ in recommending surgery based on how they perceive risks and benefits, rather than just the patient's diagnosis. A surgical risk calculator can lead to more accurate predictions, but does not change a surgeon's likelihood of recommending an operation.
A recent study found that 92.2% of physicians believe doctors should control costs, but only 36.9% have a clear understanding of test and procedure costs. Primary care physicians reported greater awareness of the Choosing Wisely campaign, which aims to identify low-value services.
Researchers warn of a looming crisis in cardiothoracic surgical services as the number of trained professionals dwindles and demand increases, particularly among an aging population. By 2030, there will be approximately 3,000 cardiothoracic surgeons needed to cover 854,000 cases, with each surgeon's workload projected to increase by 121%.
Analysis of NCDB data shows that patients who received four quality measures had significantly higher overall median survival, increasing more than three-fold. However, compliance with these measures varies widely among patients, with only 13% receiving all four interventions.
The EDWARDS INTUITY valve system has been shown to reduce the duration of interrupted blood flow and heart stoppage during surgery, resulting in improved cardiac function. Patients who underwent rapid deployment aortic valve replacement had high one-year survival rates and clinically acceptable postoperative complication rates.
A new study published in Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques shows that robotic video-assisted lung resection achieves comparable outcomes to conventional VATS and preserves more healthy lung tissue. The robotic approach allows for fewer conversions to open thoracotomy and more lymph nodes retrieved for testing.
Researchers identified predictors of postoperative complications after partial nephrectomy and found a significant reduction in perioperative blood transfusions with the use of tranexamic acid. Additionally, men who underwent primary artificial urinary sphincter implantation for stress incontinence had improved long-term outcomes.
The Occupant Transportation Decision Algorithm (OTDA) helps emergency responders and hospitals evaluate a crash victim's need for trauma care by analyzing data from electronic data recorders on board vehicles. The algorithm can aid in triage, reducing overtriage and undertriage rates.
A long-term follow-up study found significant improvement in health-related quality of life after bariatric surgery for patients with BPD-DS. The study evaluated 27 patients who underwent the procedure and compared their outcomes to pre-surgery scores and those from the general population.
A study found that a quality improvement initiative by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services increased the removal of liver transplant candidates from the waiting list. The analysis of nationwide transplant data showed that over 4,300 Americans were delisted between 2007 and 2012 due to deteriorating illness.
A systematic overview of randomized controlled surgical studies found awareness for conflicts of interest has grown, but more work is needed to improve transparency. Many studies still fail to disclose potential conflicts of interest, raising concerns about the reliability of evidence-based medicine.
A new study found significant variability in surgical antibiotic prophylaxis use and appropriateness among children's hospitals, with a median rate of 64.6% for appropriate use across all procedures. The likelihood of Clostridium difficile infection and epinephrine administration was higher in patients receiving antibiotics
University of Wisconsin-Madison engineers developed a biologically inspired artificial eye that can see in the dark using a lobster-inspired fish-eye design. The system improves image-taking through lenses rather than sensor components, resulting in fourfold sensitivity improvement.
A survey of program directors found that flexible work hour schedules improve the continuity of patient care without compromising patient safety. Directors also believed that flexible duty hours would positively affect patient safety, continuity of care, quality of resident education, and resident well-being.
A recent study found that patients with severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis who underwent transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with the SAPIEN XT device had similar two-year clinical outcomes to those who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement. Additionally, TAVR was associated with reduced severe bleeding, length of stay...
The Sterile Box, a mobile container, sterilizes surgical instruments to minimize risk of infections in patients. The system's performance was nearly perfect in trials, and it addresses issues with unreliable power and inadequate quality control in developing countries.
The study analyzed 105,002 elderly patients' outcomes from 2000 to 2014, showing improved overall mortality rates and reduced length of hospital stay. However, factors such as age, pre-existing disease, and weekend operations increased in-hospital mortality
The Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center fellowship program successfully trains international surgeons to return home and perform cancer operations, addressing a significant gap in low- and middle-income countries.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital identified five research priorities to address health care disparities in surgical care. The top priorities include leveraging electronic health records, improving patient-provider communication, and evaluating regionalization of care.
Researchers from Kaiser Permanente found that flu vaccination during hospitalization does not increase the risk of emergency department visits or subsequent hospitalizations. Vaccinated patients also did not have an increased risk of fever or laboratory tests checking for infection.
A study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that quitting smoking abruptly is more likely to lead to lasting abstinence compared to quitting gradually. The researchers found that patients who quit abruptly were 25% more likely to stop smoking in both the short and long term.
A groundbreaking study led by Dr. Dagmar Krüger has revealed that the human gut's secretory capacity does not decline with age, contradicting long-held assumptions. The research team examined over 2200 specimens from 450 patients with bowel disease and found no correlation between intestinal secretion and age or gender.
Innovative chemotherapy delivery methods for brain tumors are explored, including intra-arterial delivery, osmotic disruption, and implantable polymers. These strategies aim to enhance therapeutic agent distribution in the CNS, raising interest in the oncology community.
Researchers developed a statistical model to predict in-hospital mortality after TAVR based on over 13,000 patients. The model includes factors like age, glomerular filtration rate, and hemodialysis, providing valuable information for patient counseling and quality improvement.
Researchers at Brigham Young University have developed origami-inspired engineering techniques to create ultra-small surgical instruments, allowing for minimally invasive procedures. The technology aims to reduce the size of incisions necessary for surgery, potentially enabling self-healing wounds without sutures.
The study found that trauma surgeons working with geriatricians improved multidisciplinary care for elderly accident victims, leading to reduced short-term mortality rates and ICU readmissions. The program increased referrals for cognitive evaluation and advanced directives, demonstrating the benefits of comprehensive clinical pathways.
Researchers found that charges are inflated by a factor of three to one, disproportionately affecting the underinsured and uninsured. The study suggests targeting office-based events and procedures rather than operating room interventions for improved value within surgical care.
Gynaecologists propose permitting small surgical 'nicks' or minimalist procedures that change the appearance of young women's external genitalia without harming them. This compromise approach aims to uphold cultural traditions while safeguarding girls' and women's health and wellbeing. However, some experts disagree, arguing that such ...
A new Cochrane systematic review provides comprehensive insights into the surgical treatment of vaginal prolapse, comparing tissue repair with artificial mesh. The study found that while mesh reduces awareness of prolapse, its overall benefit is small and comes with increased risks, including reoperation and bladder injury.
A new landmark national study by Northwestern Medicine found that allowing surgical residents to work longer hours without compromising patient safety improved patient care and resident training. The FIRST trial investigated 4,330 residents and 138,691 patients, with similar rates of complications in both groups.
A national multicenter randomized trial found that extending surgical trainees' shifts does not compromise patient safety. The study showed flexible duty hour policies reduced handoffs and increased residents' satisfaction with their training. The findings provide high-level evidence to inform resident duty hour policies.
A study by Yale University researchers found that very few women undergo bilateral salpingectomy with ovarian conservation during hysterectomies for non-cancerous conditions. The procedure may help protect against ovarian cancer and preserve hormonal levels, but its use varies widely among hospitals across the US.
A new study found that nearly two-thirds of women aged 70 and older with stage I breast cancer who are eligible to safely omit subsequent radiation therapy do not receive it. Despite guidelines recommending against radiation therapy for this group, the study suggests a lack of compliance or poor awareness among healthcare providers.
A recent study published in JAMA Surgery found that the use of biological mesh materials for abdominal wall hernia repair does not demonstrate added clinical benefits over synthetic mesh. The authors reviewed 20 studies and concluded that the expense associated with these devices cannot be justified without clear evidence of superiority.
A recent review of 13 studies on weight-loss surgery found that being married might actually work against patients' chances of losing weight and keeping it off. The Ohio State University researchers discovered evidence that the impact of surgery extends to romantic relationships and family, potentially worsening marital dynamics.
Researchers found that a 56-day interval after chemoradiotherapy is the best timeframe for overall survival and tumor downstaging. The study analyzed data from nearly 12,000 patients with advanced stage localized rectal cancer.
A population-based study found that preoperative frailty is strongly associated with an increased risk of death following surgery, particularly in younger patients and after joint replacement. Frail patients are at a higher risk of mortality, especially in the early postoperative period.
A new study reveals that surgical treatment can effectively restore penile length and improve erectile dysfunction in patients with Peyronie's disease. The 'sliding technique' and penile prosthesis implantation showed promising results, with an average lengthening of 3.2 cm.
A new collaborative best practices guideline has been released for optimal care of older adults before, during, and after surgical operations. The guideline provides expert recommendations for surgeons, anesthesiologists, and allied health care professionals to address postoperative complications and prolonged recovery in older patients.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found that surgical castration was associated with lower risks of fractures, peripheral artery disease, and cardiac complications compared to medical castration. However, no significant difference was observed between the two treatments for diabetes and cognitive disorders.
A systematic review study suggests that nonoperative treatment of appendicitis is probably safe for adults but raises concerns about long-term outcomes. The study found that antibiotics-first treatment was successful in 3 out of 4 patients, but questions remain about quality of life, residual symptoms, and financial considerations.
A new study from Nationwide Children's Hospital found that antibiotics alone can be a safe and effective treatment for children with uncomplicated acute appendicitis. The non-operative management was associated with less recovery time, lower health costs, and no difference in complications at one year.
A Journal of the American College of Surgeons study reveals that a hospital's safety culture plays a significant role in delivering high-quality patient care. The study found that 10 out of 12 safety culture factors influenced surgical site infection rates after colon operations.
A study published in Health Affairs found that the most crowded US hospital emergency departments did not adopt effective interventions to improve flow, leading to worse patient care and outcomes. Despite increased adoption of strategies to reduce crowding over four years, many hospitals still failed to implement proven interventions.
A new study published in the American Journal of Transplantation found that faces transplanted change their appearance due to changes in the bone structure of the recipient, and seem to age at an accelerated rate. The research suggests the need for effective countermeasures to prevent muscle and bone atrophy in face transplant recipients.
A combination of detailed CT imaging and 3-D printing technology has been used to plan the surgical separation of conjoined twins. The 3-D models were designed so that they could be assembled together or separated during the surgical planning process, with a high level of concordance between the models and the twins' actual anatomy.
A new study found that as country-level C-section rates increase up to 19%, maternal and neonatal mortality rates decline, while rates above 19% show no further improvement. The World Health Organization's recommended rate of 10-15% may be too low.
A comprehensive study led by MD Anderson Cancer Center researchers found complete surgical excision of the implant and surrounding capsule to be the most effective treatment approach for BI-ALCL, with significant improvements in event-free survival and overall survival compared to radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
Research shows that higher C-section rates up to 19% can lead to lower maternal and neonatal mortality rates, while rates above 19% show no further improvement. This study suggests re-examining policy benchmarks for C-section rates on a country-wide level.
On November 13, 2015, a coordinated attack in Paris overwhelmed medical staff. Doctors from Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) describe the heroic response of their colleagues, praising teamwork and solidarity in treating over 300 wounded patients.
A new study found that damage control resuscitation (DCR) practices originating in military settings have been widely adapted in civilian trauma care. The majority of responding Trauma Medical Directors reported routine use of a 1:1:1 blood product ratio, which increases patient survival rates.
A newly designed vital sign monitoring system reduces unnecessary alarms and increases patient safety in medical units. The system provides continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation, heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration rate, with 92% of nurses agreeing it is suitable.
A team of researchers at Rice University and the University of Pennsylvania created an implant with a network of blood vessels using 3D printing. The study shows that blood flowed normally through test constructs connected to native blood vessels, overcoming a major challenge in regenerative medicine.