Add BrightSurf on Google Email

What makes memories last?

Scientists at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have identified a protein that is essential for creating and maintaining long-term memories. The protein, Orb2A, must be tightly regulated to form only in specific neural circuits, and its conversion into a prion-like state can be triggered by nerve cell stimulation.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Biology·DateFeb 11, 2014

Prion discovery could help keep deadly brain diseases in check

Scientists have discovered a natural protective response in brain cells that can minimize the production of diseased prion proteins, potentially helping to prevent or delay neurological diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The study also found that this mechanism may be relevant to other neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

SourceUniversity of Alberta·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·DateJan 16, 2014

Receptor may aid spread of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's in brain

Researchers at WashU Medicine found that corrupted proteins spread in the brain through a specific type of receptor called heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs). Blocking this receptor may aid treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, potentially unifying understanding and treatment of multiple neurodegenerative conditions.

SourceWashU Medicine·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateAug 22, 2013

The ribosome -- a new target for antiprion medicines

Researchers at Uppsala University have identified the ribosome as a key player in prion diseases, such as mad cow disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. The discovery suggests that antiprion medicines targeting the ribosome's protein folding activity may be effective in treating these fatal neurodegenerative diseases.

SourceUppsala University·JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry·DateJul 2, 2013

Prions in the brain eliminated by homing molecules

Researchers at Linköping University have discovered that homing molecules can render toxic prions harmless, decreasing their toxicity and infectibility. This breakthrough could lead to the treatment of diseases such as Alzheimer's, which is caused by amyloid plaque with a similar but slower course.

SourceLinköping University·JournalJournal of Biological Chemistry·DateApr 24, 2012

New yeast prion helps cells survive

Researchers at RIKEN Brain Science Institute discovered a yeast prion called Mod5 that confers survival advantages by granting cellular resistance to antifungal agents. The study reveals the active role of prion conversion in cellular fitness adaptation, providing new insights into the broader function of prions in living organisms.

SourceRIKEN·JournalScience·DateApr 22, 2012

Ozone treated water v. lethal microbial material

A University of Alberta research team discovered that ozone-treated water can eradicate infectious proteins from cattle brain matter, providing a potential solution for decontaminating wastewater and sterilizing neurosurgical equipment. This breakthrough technique offers improved prion removal methods in meat processing plants and surg...

SourceUniversity of Alberta·JournalApplied and Environmental Microbiology·DateMar 2, 2012

Scripps research scientists identify most lethal known species of prion protein

Scientists at Scripps Research Institute have identified a single prion protein that causes neuronal death similar to 'mad cow' disease, with toxic effects up to 10 times more potent than larger prion species. The study opens new avenues for exploring neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.

SourceScripps Research Institute·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateFeb 9, 2012

NIH study describes fast, sensitive blood test for human prion disease

Researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) have developed a highly sensitive blood test for detecting human prion diseases, which are fatal brain disorders. The new method improves upon previous tests by being 10,000 times more sensitive and can rapidly detect abnormal prion proteins in blood plasma.

Mutant prions help cells foil harmful protein misfolding

Researchers at Brown University have discovered that mutant prions can aid cells in overcoming harmful protein misfolding, a process thought to be catastrophic. The findings suggest that targeted interventions at various stages of the misfolding process can enable cells to overcome the problem.

SourceBrown University·JournalNature Structural & Molecular Biology·DateMar 20, 2011

New research focuses on prion diseases

Researchers have discovered that polymers of amino acid lysine can block the propagation of prions, halting their spread in test tubes and cultured cells. In animal models, mice treated with polylysines showed improved symptoms, longer survival, and lower prion levels

SourceUniversity of Kentucky·JournalBiomaterials·DateMar 14, 2011

Aerosols transmit prions to mice, causing disease

Researchers found that prion-tainted aerosols can induce disease in mice by transferring to the brain and colonizing it. The study suggests airborne transmission of prions may be a risk, prompting potential regulations to minimize infection risks.

SourcePLOS·JournalPLOS Pathogens·DateJan 13, 2011

BSE pathogens can be transmitted by air

Researchers found that inhalation of prion-tainted aerosols induced disease with frightening efficiency in mice, infecting all within a single minute. This discovery challenges the widely held view that prions are not airborne and suggests precautionary measures for scientific labs, slaughterhouses, and animal feed plants.

SourceUniversity of Zurich·JournalPLOS Pathogens·DateJan 13, 2011

New prion discovery reveals drug target for mad cow disease and related illnesses

Researchers have discovered that plasminogen, a protein that breaks down blood clots, accelerates the progression of prion diseases by putting rogue prion proteins into overdrive. This finding presents a promising new target for anti-prion therapy, which could improve treatment options for patients suffering from prion diseases.

Sequence and structure key to prion disease transmission

A study by Adriano Aguzzi and Christina Sigurdson found that the local structure of PrPC protein influenced prion transmissibility between different species. The researchers identified a molecular switch controlling interspecies prion disease transmission in mice, providing new insight into food safety risks associated with BSE.

SourceJCI Journals·JournalJournal of Clinical Investigation·DateJun 14, 2010

To the Antarctic or Brazil for new feathers

Researchers discovered that thin-billed prions visit the Antarctic waters for 90% of their molting period, while some individuals moulting further north off South America's coast. This flexibility allows them to adapt to unpredictable weather conditions and survive in vast ocean areas.

SourceMax-Planck-Gesellschaft·JournalBehavioral Ecology and Sociobiology·DateMar 15, 2010

Scientists find new form of prion disease that damages brain arteries

Scientists have discovered a new form of prion disease that causes brain artery damage, distinct from the typical sponge-like brain deterioration. The study may hold clues for treating Alzheimer's disease, as researchers found that removing a specific anchor from prion protein could prevent plaque accumulation and block fluid drainage.

Prion leaves lasting mark on memory

A new report reveals that a prion-like protein called CPEB may participate in memory in higher eukaryotes, including sea slugs. The protein's ability to switch between distinct conformational states suggests it could maintain stable states with unstable biological molecules.

SourceCell Press·JournalCell·DateFeb 4, 2010

How clean is your knife?

Researchers developed a rapid-acting disinfectant that kills bacteria, viruses and fungi on surgical instruments, including those resistant to conventional disinfectants. The new formula is safer, cheaper and more effective than existing treatments against prions, which cause deadly illnesses.

SourceMicrobiology Society·JournalJournal of General Virology·DateJan 19, 2010