Articles tagged with Liver
Researchers found that transplanted bone marrow mononuclear cells reduced liver fibrosis and improved albumin expression in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni. The study suggests the potential of cell-based therapies for patients with chronic liver diseases.
The NIH convened a panel to weigh evidence on hepatitis B management, highlighting the need for large studies and representative prospective cohort studies. The panel recommends routine screening for newly arrived immigrants from countries with high hepatitis B prevalence.
Researchers identified a molecular reason why MEK inhibitors are limited in their ability to kill B-RAF mutant tumor cells, suggesting a new antitumor approach. MicroRNA15a modulates the expression of Cdc25A and affects hepatic cystogenesis in a rat model of polycystic kidney disease.
A study published in Liver International found that Canadian liver transplant centres are more willing to consider patients who smoke marijuana, while US programmes say no, highlighting the need for evidence-based eligibility criteria.
A FSU researcher has made a significant discovery about the life-threatening mechanism of liver fibrosis, attracting a $1.5 million grant from the National Institutes of Health. The protein involved in scar formation could lead to treatment methods that slow down the disease process.
A study by the University of South Florida Health Sciences Center found that resveratrol reduces fat production and increases breakdown in the liver of mice fed alcohol. This prevents accumulation of fat and suggests resveratrol as a promising agent for preventing or treating human alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Researchers found MRN can be differentiated from HCC using CT/MRI features, including typical hyperdense appearance and lack of enhancement. Liver biopsy can be avoided if supported by these images, reducing the need for repeated biopsies.
Studies found that patients with IBD are at increased risk of Vitamin D deficiency, which may be associated with lower quality of life and higher disease activity. Regular Vitamin D checkups may be necessary to reverse deficiency-related bone loss in these patients.
Research highlights importance of regular Vitamin D checkups for IBD patients with lower quality of life and higher disease activity. Chronic liver disease patients also at risk of Vitamin D deficiency, which may be linked to increased disease severity and hospitalizations.
Researchers found a specific form of the PNPLA3 gene linked to higher liver-fat content and increased risk of liver inflammation. Hispanics are more likely to carry this gene variant than African-Americans and Caucasians, highlighting a genetic explanation for ethnic disparities in fatty liver disease.
The study found that Qianggan-Rongxian decoction can inhibit hepatic fibrosis and prevent the development of cirrhosis in rats. It also showed a significant reduction in serum levels of ALT and AST, indicating liver cell protection.
A patient with bone marrow hypoplasia contracted HCV through blood transfusion, yet maintained normal liver function despite high serum ferritin levels. The study highlights the complex relationship between HCV infection and immune status, suggesting potential for extra-hepatic manifestations such as arthritis and vasculitis.
Increased intestinal macromolecular permeability and urinary nitrite excretion are associated with liver cirrhosis with ascites. The study suggests that these factors may contribute to the development of encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis.
A six-month study found that moderate aerobic exercise and weightlifting reduced liver fat in people with type 2 diabetes, improving fitness and reducing body fat. The results suggest a key benefit of trimming fatty liver for those with the disease, which can accelerate heart disease and liver failure.
A study found that Nigella sativa reduces liver enzyme levels and oxidative stress after ischemia-reperfusion injury. The treatment also showed improved histopathology in liver tissue, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury.
A study analyzing 75 right hepatectomies in living donors found that complications occurred in 30.6% of cases, with biliary tree reconstruction being the most common issue. Despite this, no life-threatening complications or deaths were reported among donors.
Researchers have developed a new microbubble agent, Sonazoid, that enhances the sensitivity of contrast-enhanced intraoperative ultrasonography (CE-IOUS) for detecting occult liver lesions in patients with colorectal cancer. CE-IOUS using Sonazoid allows for longer imaging times and improved detection of metastases during hepatectomy.
Researchers have discovered a lipid-based hormone, palmitoleate, that stimulates insulin's effects on muscle and suppresses fat accumulation in the liver. The hormone is produced when the body produces its own 'home grown' fat, defying traditional views that all extra fat is bad.
Researchers identified a new class of hormones called lipokines, which help regulate metabolism and improve insulin sensitivity in mice. The discovery could lead to new treatments for obesity-related conditions such as diabetes and fatty liver disease.
Scientists have identified a crucial molecular pathway linking cortisol to fatty liver accumulation, offering new insights into the development of metabolic diseases. The study reveals that blocking cortisol receptors in the liver activates HES1 protein, which counteracts fat accumulation.
A recent US study shows that living donor liver transplants for acute liver failure patients can have high survival rates and acceptable risks. The study found that 70% of recipients survived after transplantation, while the donors experienced similar complication rates as other LDLT recipients.
A study found that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels have advanced fibrosis, indicating the need for liver biopsy. The researchers discovered that patients with normal ALT had milder inflammation and steatosis, but still at risk of severe hepatic disease.
The new statistical model incorporates serum sodium and MELD scores to prioritize the sickest patients, reducing mortality by 7% among those with low sodium levels. Mayo Clinic's improved tool aims to ensure timely transplants for those with advanced liver disease.
Researchers found African Americans are twice as likely to die following a liver operation compared to Caucasians, highlighting a significant racial disparity in surgical outcomes. The study suggests that differences in preoperative health status and hospital factors may contribute to this disparity.
A new study published in Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology found that transient elastography, a non-invasive technique, can accurately diagnose late-stage liver disease. The study showed high correlation between LSM and pericellular fibrosis, allowing for better prediction of cirrhosis
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory found that senescent liver cells can orchestrate a sequence of events that limit fibrosis, a natural response to acute damage. This discovery suggests a new therapeutic approach for human patients with precursors of serious liver diseases.
Researchers have developed biodegradable polymers called polyketals that can deliver drugs, proteins, and snippets of ribonucleic acid to specific areas in the body. The microparticles degrade quickly into biocompatible compounds, reducing inflammation.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have prevented age-related decline in liver function and shown that maintaining efficient protein clearance can help stave off functional losses. The study suggests therapies to boost protein clearance might help maintain healthy lives well into old age.
Scientists at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine discovered that FOXA2 regulates genes involved in maintaining proper bile levels. The study suggests that increasing FOXA2 expression may be a novel therapeutic goal for treating diseases like primary sclerosing cholangitis and biliary atresia.
A new study found that targeting liver CB1 receptor may treat obesity-related conditions without brain-side effects, reversing severe insulin resistance and fatty liver in mice fed high-fat diets. The research indicates liver-specific CB1 is necessary for high-fat diet-induced fatty liver and related hormonal changes.
Researchers have found that warfarin reduces scarring on the liver caused by Hepatitis C, which can lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. The study is now embarking on a clinical trial to test warfarin as a treatment for people with Hepatitis C.
A study of 489 adult liver transplants found that older donors (age 60+) were not associated with negative outcomes in hepatitis C recipients. In fact, patients with and without hepatitis C had similar survival rates, suggesting the practice is safe. The expanded donor pool may help increase available organs for transplantation.
A UK liver transplant unit reports a higher than average success rate for children receiving living donor transplants, with an 98% year one survival rate. The study found that the majority of children experienced excellent graft function and rapid recovery after surgery.
Researchers discovered that hepatitis C infection causes fatty liver by elevating an enzyme called fatty acid synthase (FAS) in human liver cells. Elevated FAS levels may help determine which patients are at risk of developing life-threatening diseases like cirrhosis and liver cancer.
Scientists are exploring the use of sound waves to assess atherosclerotic plaques, monitor chronic liver disease, and deliver drugs to specific locations in the body. Researchers have also developed new techniques for treating cancer, including minimally invasive thermal ablation methods and microbubbles-based therapies.
The Acoustics '08 conference in Paris features a range of topics, including a clinical assessment of blood vessel ultrasound and its potential to detect vulnerable plaques. The conference also explores the acoustic properties of Stradivarius violins and their modifications for modern playing styles. Additionally, there will be presenta...
Researchers at Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health discovered a molecule called XBP1 that regulates fat and cholesterol production in the liver. Turning off XBP1 dramatically reduced blood levels of cholesterol and triglyceride fats, with no apparent adverse effects on the liver.
A study by the University of Southern California suggests that abdominal fat releases lipids directly to the liver at night, leading to insulin resistance and increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes. The findings highlight the importance of abdominal obesity in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Topiramate effectively decreases heavy drinking and associated physical and psychosocial harm, including lower blood pressure and improved liver function. The medication also shows promise in reducing the risk of heart disease and improving overall quality of life for alcohol-dependent individuals.
Researchers found that niacin works by reducing the presence of Beta chain on liver cells, which hinders HDL removal and maintains high plasma HDL levels. This new mechanism explains why niacin is especially beneficial for raising HDL while allowing other cholesterol types to be removed.
A study found that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is linked to an increased risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes patients. NAFLD was associated with a 69% higher risk of CKD compared to those without the condition.
Scientists have discovered a molecular marker, RIP140, that controls both metabolic processes and inflammatory responses in liver cells of mice with cancer. By switching off this molecule, the lipid balance of the liver normalized within a few days, suggesting its role in causing fatty liver in affected patients.
Researchers found that sea buckthorn leaf extract reduced liver damage in rats, with significant protection observed at higher doses. The study suggests that the leaves' anti-oxidant properties may help ward off liver disease.
Research findings suggest that high-volume surgeons at high-volume centers have improved in-hospital mortality rates for liver resections. Additionally, hospitals with a high annual volume of IBD patients experience lower mortality rates among hospitalized patients who undergo surgery.
Researchers found Prometheus liver support does not worsen systemic hemodynamics but lacks equal benefits as MARS treatment. The study concludes that extra-corporal liver support with albumin dialysis should not be withheld due to safety concerns.
Scientists have created human liver cells from embryonic stem cells, enabling drug toxicity studies and potential treatments for liver diseases. Researchers also found that innate immunity influences the response to treatment for chronic hepatitis C and discovered a link between urinary tract infections and primary biliary cirrhosis.
Researchers have confirmed that Jianpi Huoxue decoction inhibits targets in LPS-activated Kupffer cell signal pathway, reducing cytokine expression and endotoxin receptor activity. The study provides new evidence for JHD's potential therapeutic benefits for alcoholic liver injury.
Thrombospondin 1 (TSP-1) expression correlates with the progression of fibrosis and angiogenesis in experimental cirrhosis. The study suggests that TSP-1 may contribute to wound healing response to liver injury by inducing angiogenesis.
A new study published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons reveals that long-term survival and liver rejection rates are equivalent for African-American liver transplant patients as compared to patients of other races. The study suggests that race is not a predictor of survival, contrary to previous findings.
Common bacteria, Novosphingobium aromaticivorans, can trigger autoimmune symptoms in mice similar to Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC), a rare and incurable liver disease. NKT cell activation is critical in initiating autoimmune processes leading to liver damage.
Rosiglitazone, an antidiabetic drug, has been found to prevent hepatic fibrosis due to Schistosoma japonicum infection. PPARgamma ligand is thought to play a key role in this process.
Research led by Dr. Yi-Jia Lou suggests that LTC4 synthesis enzymes contribute to liver injury in a rat FHF model, leading to accumulation of cys-LTs. The study's findings imply further investigation into the expression and activity of these enzymes in managing viral hepatitis patients.
IGF-I exerts mitochondrial protection in experimental cirrhosis, reducing caspase activation and increasing ATP production. IGF-I supplementation shows beneficial effects on liver function and fibrosis in animal models.
Researchers analyzed clinical data from 11 liver cancer patients who underwent caudate lobectomy using specific skin incision, mobilization of liver, vascular exclusion, and ideal hepatectomy procedures. The study demonstrates that caudate lobectomy for cancer in the candate lobe can be safely performed with an appropriate procedure.
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found high circulating D-dimer levels associated with ascites presence in liver cirrhosis patients. Ascites depletion may prevent bleeding complications. High D-dimer levels also linked to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhotic patients without ascites.
The COPILOT study found that low-dose peginterferon alfa-2b improved disease-free survival in patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension, especially those who stayed on treatment. In contrast, the medication was not superior to colchicine in overall patient populations.
Scientists are developing a new proteomics project to identify biomarkers for chronic liver disease, which could help predict the progression of the disease and lead to early interventions. The technology aims to detect liver disease via blood test, with potential applications in other diseases and commercialization.
Combining stents and photodynamic therapy significantly improves survival rates for patients with advanced liver bile duct cancer, increasing it from 7 months to over 16 months. The treatment's effectiveness is attributed to the number of stent-replacement procedures and PDT sessions.
A new study demonstrates the effectiveness of multipolar radiofrequency ablation in treating patients with liver cancer, achieving complete tumor destruction in 66 out of 67 cases. After four years, 52% of patients are now tumor-free and 78% are still living.
Researchers link atherosclerosis to widespread organ damage and discover potential targets for treatment. The study found that biochemical signals in arteries can contribute to harm in the lungs, liver, and other organs.