Articles tagged with Intracellular Proteins
Researchers at the University of Cincinnati's Center for Advanced Structural Biology have visualized the structure of iRhom1 bound to the ADAM17 enzyme, shedding light on its role in regulating cell surface protein targets. This breakthrough discovery may lead to new therapeutic strategies for treating chronic inflammatory diseases.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have discovered that adding copper-loaded agents to radiotherapy can overcome radioresistance in preclinical models of thoracic cancer. A novel blood-based biomarker, OSMR, has also been identified in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which shows prognostic potential and can help ident...
Researchers from ICTER have determined the 3D structure of RBP3, a key molecule in the visual cycle, shedding light on its role in retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy. The study reveals conformational changes upon binding to ligands, providing new insights into its functional mechanisms.
A study reveals that Galectin-1 protein, located in fibroblast nuclei, promotes tumor growth and resistance to treatment. The protein regulates gene expression at a specific level, activating KRAS, a key driver of uncontrolled growth and tumor aggressiveness.
A new in-cell characterization method allows for the direct analysis of protein structures and conformations within living cells. The study reveals three main conformational forms of calmodulin, with the extended form being significantly more abundant than in purified form.
Researchers at POSTECH developed a super-photostable organic dye, PF555, to track proteins in cells over extended periods. This breakthrough enables observation of endocytosis and protein interactions, revealing EGFR's active navigation in its environment.
Researchers found that CD44-deficient mice stayed lean despite a high-fat diet, while control mice developed obesity. The study suggests CD44 inhibitors could serve as a complementary treatment for obesity and related metabolic disorders.
Researchers at KAIST developed CamBio, a biotemplating method utilizing specific intracellular proteins to create functional nanostructures with high tunability. The method enables the selective synthesis of nanostructures from biological samples, showing improved performance in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrate detection.
A deficiency of TLE6 protein, associated with female infertility, was also linked to abnormal sperm morphology and reduced motility in male mice. The study suggests that TLE6 plays a crucial role in energy production in sperm cells.
A recent NUS Medicine study found that a molecule called DUSP6 plays a major role in helping colorectal cancer grow, with higher levels linked to poorer prognosis and decreased survival. Researchers suggest blocking DUSP6 could lead to new therapies for CRC treatment.
Researchers have identified a novel mechanism controlling circadian gene expression and behavioral rhythms through chemical bonding of monoamine neurotransmitters to histone proteins. This discovery could lead to targeted therapies for conditions involving circadian rhythm disruptions, such as insomnia and depression.
A new mechanism has been found by which tumor cells escape the immune system, involving a protein called IRGQ. Studies have shown that suppressing IRGQ can trigger a stronger immune response against cancer cells, leading to improved survival rates in liver cancer patients.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have discovered a key protein involved in transporting boron into plant cells. The protein complex, containing KNS3 and its homologs, facilitates the movement of boric acid channels from endoplasmic reticulum to plasma membrane.
Research highlights molecular chaperones' role in maintaining tumor suppressor stability and functional integrity. This understanding is crucial for developing targeted therapies for multiple cancers.
A team led by Harvard's Ryan Flynn has discovered the mechanism of how RNA is chemically linked to N-glycans, proving the existence of glycoRNAs. This finding broadens the scope of known glycoconjugates and opens new avenues for research into glycoRNA biology.
A new DNA-powered signal amplification technology called ACE significantly enhances the sensitivity of mass cytometry, enabling the detection of multiple proteins in single cells. This breakthrough allows researchers to investigate complex biological processes and study immune cell functions with unprecedented depth.
A team of researchers at University of California San Diego has identified a biochemical mechanism that can interrupt cellular communication chains, disrupting the signaling pathways related to many diseases. The discovery highlights the importance of growth factors and G protein-coupled receptors in cell signaling.
A team of researchers developed a hybrid nanotube stamp system for intracellular protein delivery, achieving high efficiency and cell viability rates in cancer treatment. The system successfully delivered therapeutic proteins into target cells with precision, showing promising efficacy and safety.
A team of researchers at the University of Houston has identified AKAP12 as a promising target for treating heart failure through precision pharmacology. Increased levels of AKAP12 in cardiac myocytes accelerate cardiac dysfunction, but inhibiting PDE8A can reverse this effect and improve contractility.
Scientists at Umeå University developed a natural product-like molecule Tantalosin that inhibits interaction between proteins reshaping membranes inside cells. The study reveals a new noncanonical autophagy pathway and potential benefits for cancer treatment.
Researchers discovered a connection between mitochondrial calcium transport and autophagy, a process where cells break down and reuse components. The study found that NCLX protein plays a crucial role in regulating this link, which has implications for understanding energy metabolism and developing disease treatments.
Research at the University of Gothenburg reveals a link between maternal protein intake during pregnancy and the formation of facial bone structures in offspring. The study found that a particular signaling pathway, mTOR, plays a crucial role in shaping the face.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered a signal protein called ERK that plays an active role in causing growing lung tissue to curve. This finding reveals a previously unknown regulatory system governing the development of intricate branching patterns in mouse lungs.
A study by Lund University researchers has identified the protein C3 as a protector of insulin-producing cells, providing hope for new treatments. The protein was found to shield cells from damage and death when present inside the cells, offering a potential target for therapies aimed at treating type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
A team of researchers from Kyoto University has developed a microfluidic co-culture vasculature chip that mimics the microenvironment of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS), a rare cancer. The chip enables scientists to study cell-to-cell interactions and angiogenic mechanisms, which may lead to new strategies for treating ASPS patients.
Researchers at UCLA Health Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified the protein TYRP1 as a promising target for CAR T-cell therapy. The study demonstrates potent antitumor responses against cutaneous and rare melanoma types, offering new hope for treating these challenging-to-treat cancers.
Researchers at Kyoto University have observed a unique phenomenon where talin constantly moves over focal adhesions as a single unit, contradicting prevailing notions. This discovery reveals that talin manages to simultaneously maintain the intercellular connection while transmitting force through dynamic molecular stretching.
A new study published in Oncogene highlights the effectiveness of MDX-124, a therapeutic drug targeting annexin-A1, which promotes tumour progression. High annexin-A1 expression levels correlate with poorer overall survival in various cancers.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science discovered that manipulating polyamines enhances the functional profiles of monoclonal antibodies. The study found that controlling polyamine levels increases IgG galactosylation, leading to improved therapeutic efficacy.
The study identifies FAM53C as a cytosolic-anchoring inhibitory binding protein of the kinase DYRK1A, regulating its activity and cellular location. This finding may provide potential clinical insights into treating Down syndrome and related diseases.
Researchers developed an innovative bioengineering approach using genetically modified bacteria to incorporate protein cages around protein crystals. This method efficiently produces highly customized protein complexes for specialized applications. The resulting crystals have a core-shell structure with a cubic PhC core covered in five...
A University of Massachusetts Amherst team demonstrates a protein antigen from a childhood vaccine can be delivered into malignant tumor cells to refocus the immune system against cancer. The bacteria-based intracellular delivering system shows promise in treating pancreatic, liver, and metastatic breast tumors.
A research team has developed a technology that selectively targets and eliminates aging cells, contributing to various inflammatory conditions. This approach represents a new paradigm for treating age-related diseases with minimal toxicity concerns.
A recent study found elevated TonEBP expression in patients with lupus nephritis, correlating with inflammatory cytokines and kidney damage. Suppressing TonEBP was shown to halt lupus progression and mitigate kidney damage in animal models.
A groundbreaking study by UNIST researchers reveals that high levels of endotrophin in fat cells disrupt autophagy, leading to inflammation and insulin resistance. Inhibiting ATG7 protein function or neutralizing endotrophin shows promise as a potential treatment for obesity-related metabolic diseases.
Researchers discovered distinct variants of the mitochondrial protein Mitofusin 2, ERMIT2 and ERMIN2, located on the endoplasmic reticulum, forming a bridge between mitochondria and this organelle. These variants play a crucial role in maintaining optimal cellular functionality and regulating lipid metabolism.
Scientists have found that antibodies targeting βII-spectrin on mesangial cells are the trigger for IgA nephropathy. This discovery enables blood-based diagnosis and may lead to improved treatments.
A new approach to boosting protein production has been discovered, which could lead to the generation of a universal booster for protein production. The breakthrough centers on Exin21, a sequence that increases mRNA synthesis and stability and protein expression and secretion.
A team of researchers from Kumamoto University has developed a transformable polyrotaxane carrier that can facilitate genome editing using Cas9RNP with high efficiency. The carrier, called amino-PRX, is multi-step transformable and has low cytotoxicity, making it an enormously promising candidate for safe and efficient delivery.
Researchers have discovered that the tumor suppressor protein pVHL degrades SMAD3, inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway and suppressing tumour cell growth. This finding opens up new opportunities for developing cancer therapies by regulating pVHL activity.
A study published in Science Translational Medicine reveals that truncated titin proteins cause a reduction in contractile force in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. The research also suggests possible treatment strategies, including genetic editing using CRISPR-Cas9.
Scientists have created a system dubbed "NanoporeTERs" allowing cells to express themselves in a whole new light. These new reporter proteins can detect multiple protein expression levels and shed new light on biological systems, enabling deeper analysis than before.
Stéphane Lefrançois, an INRS researcher, has received a $670,000 grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research to study Batten CLN3, a form of the disease caused by mutations in its namesake protein. His research aims to understand the protein's function and find therapeutic targets.
Researchers at NYU Abu Dhabi investigate how cellular crowding affects the speed of motor proteins in groups versus singularly, with findings that crowding impacts group movement but not individual motors. The study uses optical tweezers to simulate crowded environments, revealing the balance between motor function and cell survival.
Theoretical analyses show that different motor proteins moving on the same filament can block each other's motion, leading to patterned distributions and emergent topological hindrance. This phenomenon was not previously modeled, but is now understood through a new theoretical model developed by LMU physicists.
ARHGAP33 regulates synaptic functions and behaviors via intracellular protein trafficking, leading to impaired higher brain functions and neuropsychiatric disorders. The lack of ARHGAP33 causes abnormal synaptic function and behavior, contributing to conditions like schizophrenia.
Researchers found that a Rab protein boosts PIP2 production, enabling HIV-1 assembly. Immune cells lacking this protein show impaired viral replication.
Researchers found that prion protein misfolding is a key trigger for spongiform encephalopathy and neurodegeneration. The study proposes an effective model and testing method for cytosolic forms of prion protein, highlighting the complex intracellular environment as a contributing factor.
A team of scientists at PNNL has observed real-time interactions between single proteins, supporting the 'fly-fishing mechanism' theory. The technique used, single-molecule photon stamping spectroscopy, allows for dynamic measurements of protein dynamics.
Researchers have discovered that normal prions may fine-tune neuronal functions at the cellular level through a signaling pathway. This discovery could provide new insights into how brain-degenerating diseases occur and potentially lead to treatments.
Researchers at Cornell University have discovered how a hyperactive form of the molecular switch Cdc42 disrupts orderly cell growth, leading to cancer. The team found that Cdc42 increases protein shuttling, overstimulating cellular activities and causing hallmarks of cancer cells.
A team of scientists led by Li-Huei Tsai found that the enzyme calpain triggers neurodegeneration in brain cells, similar to Alzheimer's disease. The discovery proposes a common mechanistic link between toxic insults and brain cell injury, offering potential targets for drugs to slow or stop progression.
Scientists discover a new way cells can relay messages to affect gene activity through a protein-processing program that dismantles proteins into fragments acting as messengers. The study reveals a fragment of the developmental protein Notch serves as a messenger determining a cell's fate, influencing gene activity and cell behavior.
A study published in Science demonstrates the utility of ARIAD's RAPID technology, which allows for rapid and regulated delivery of therapeutic proteins. Human insulin was successfully delivered to diabetic mice via this method, correcting blood sugar levels within minutes.
Günter Blobel's work on protein signaling discovered the importance of signal sequences in targeting proteins to their proper intracellular destinations. His research has led to a deeper understanding of protein trafficking, with implications for drug delivery and cellular processes.
Researchers identified a novel human gene, BRI, that causes an unusual form of hereditary dementia. The discovery provides new insights into the disease and may lead to the development of a blood test to detect the mutation.
The nuclear pore complex is a highly regulated structure composed of around 50-100 different proteins that control the transport of macromolecules between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Ran protein plays a crucial role in this process, binding selectively to transport factors to regulate cargo molecules across the nuclear pore.
Researchers discovered a novel family of cell surface proteins that regulate nerve cell connections by inducing synapse formation. The Neuroligin/b-Neurexin junction is the core of this process, forming a transsynaptic cell-adhesion complex that initiates protein-protein-interaction cascades.
Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory create first 3-dimensional atomic model of tubulin, a protein essential for cell division and material transport. The model reveals the structure of tubulin's three functional components and its interaction with anti-cancer drug taxol.