Articles tagged with Air Sea Interactions
A recent paper suggests AI can reconstruct ocean interior, predict waves, and forecast ENSO by incorporating physical knowledge and ocean dynamics. This approach improves reliability and interpretability of AI-based predictions, especially when observations are sparse or conditions differ from training data.
The Mediterranean Sea is warming and becoming saltier at an accelerated pace, even at great depths, with the Adriatic region showing the strongest changes. This acceleration is driven by warming and added salt, which is affecting the sea's deep circulation and marine life.
Researchers investigated the Mississippi River's hydrological trends, ocean carbon storage, and gender dynamics in flood mortality. A study found that precipitation increases, but soil moisture decreases, while high-resolution models reveal stronger Southern Ocean carbon absorption. Additionally, data showed men are overrepresented in ...
Researchers developed a new AI-based SLA forecasting model that outperforms existing approaches and can be widely applied to other prediction tasks. The Multistep-Earthformer model achieves high-accuracy short- and medium-range sea level anomaly forecasting by optimizing training strategies.
The North Atlantic's ocean ventilation has weakened, with water masses aging significantly faster than 30 years ago. This decline in ventilation indicates a slower renewal of deep waters and reduced oxygen transport to depths, potentially impacting marine ecosystems.
Dr. Seth Zippel has made significant contributions to the understanding of air-sea interaction, surface gravity waves, and boundary-layer turbulence through innovative field experiments and novel observational techniques. He is recognized for his impact on ocean mixing, weather and climate prediction, and offshore wind energy assessments.
The Earth's ocean stored more heat in 2025 than in any year since modern measurements began, with a record-high increase of 23 Zetta Joules. The findings indicate stronger ocean warming trends since the 1990s and highlight the importance of reducing emissions to mitigate climate change.
A new study has found that the ocean's ability to absorb CO2 is stronger than previously assumed, with air bubbles playing a key role in this process. The research suggests that the ocean absorbed around 0.3-0.4 petagrams more carbon per year, about 15% more than previous estimates.
Research shows that intense storms in the Southern Ocean enable it to absorb more heat from the atmosphere. This helps regulate Earth's climate by reducing global warming. The study found that stronger storm activity generates lower surface temperatures across the ocean.
Strong EAWM enhances upward heat fluxes, cooling sea surface temperatures south of Japan, modifying storm-track activity and intensifying the monsoon. A feedback loop emerges: cold air cools the ocean, reinforcing the monsoon.
A new study shows that reducing air pollution has decreased the brightness of marine clouds, leading to accelerated warming. Scientists attribute 70% of this change to aerosols, and researchers are exploring ways to make clouds shinier without polluting the air.
Researchers at the University of Tsukuba found that 2023 marine heatwaves significantly exacerbated the record-breaking East Asian summer heatwave. The study revealed that changes in cloud cover and water vapor enhanced solar radiation reaching the ground, amplifying surface temperatures.
The Blue Whale, an 11-meter submersible unmanned vessel, can collect comprehensive water column parameter data while eliminating risks to human life. It is designed to operate in extreme sea states and enhance disaster preparedness through accurate typhoon intensity forecasts and marine condition warnings.
Researchers found significant differences in oceanic conditions between pre- and post-monsoon tropical cyclones in the Bay of Bengal. The study highlights the importance of seasonality in cyclone intensity and the ocean's response, with potential applications for predicting cyclone impacts and developing early warning tools.
Tiny droplets of sea spray can affect hurricane intensity, but measuring their concentration and size is challenging. Researchers at the University of Texas at Dallas are using lab experiments and simulations to develop a machine learning model that incorporates these factors.
Researchers used a laser measurement system to capture airflow near ocean surface, identifying two coupling mechanisms that occur simultaneously. This breakthrough sheds light on air-sea exchange processes and could advance atmospheric and oceanic models.
Marine food webs could be impacted as ocean 'greening' shifts phytoplankton biomass. Phytoplankton act like sponges absorbing CO2 during photosynthesis, influencing climate warming.
The University of Maryland-led study found that the bay experiences 25 days of heat waves annually, with a 10% uptick in recent years. Satellite data shows varying duration and frequency of heat waves across different regions of the bay, highlighting the need for a marine heat wave warning system.
A new study reveals that the negative effects of the ozone hole on the Southern Ocean's carbon uptake are reversible, but only if greenhouse gas emissions rapidly decrease. The study found that as the ozone hole heals, its influence on the ocean's carbon sink diminishes, while the influence of greenhouse gas emissions rises.
New research reveals oceans are heating at the world's fastest pace in two distinct bands near 40 degrees latitude in both hemispheres. This pattern is linked to poleward shifts in the jet stream and ocean currents, upending marine ecosystems and fueling extreme weather.
A team of climate scientists found that six major oceanic modes influence prolonged heavy rainfall in China, which can lead to severe flooding. Winter sea temperatures in the tropical Pacific can predict summer flood potential with 75% accuracy.
A recent study from the Indian Institute of Science found that cloud band strength plays a key role in its movement and density of rains during Indian wet spells. The researchers discovered that only strong equatorial cloud bands drive northward propagation, increasing moisture and triggering stronger winds.
When two tropical cyclones collide in the Indian Ocean, they can intensify considerably, leading to extreme interactions between the ocean and atmosphere. The study found that effects occurred that have only been observed with much stronger cyclones, including a cooling effect of three degrees Celsius and upwelling of deep water masses.
Researchers found that microplastics increase the height and stability of sea foam, particularly when part of smaller breaking waves. This positive effect reflects sunlight, potentially lowering ocean temperatures and driving more cloud formation.
Researchers found that land-atmosphere coupling has a significant impact on Asian monsoons, but its effect varies greatly from year to year. The study suggests that better modeling of land conditions may be crucial for improving seasonal forecasts in the region.
A team at Zhejiang University has developed a self-driving cloaked unmanned drone with an intelligent aeroamphibious invisibility cloak, capable of manipulating electromagnetic scattering in real-time across dynamic environments. The cloak integrates perception, decision-making, and execution functionalities using spatiotemporal modula...
Climate change in the South China Sea region is linked to changes in global weather patterns, including droughts and humidity shifts. The study highlights the complex interactions between ocean, land, and atmosphere, which drive climate change and impact regions worldwide.
A GEOMAR study found that low North Atlantic sea surface temperatures are responsible for heat events on land. The researchers discovered a link between cold ocean temperatures and European heat waves, which contributes to the formation of high pressure systems and clear skies.
A team of researchers has determined that microplastic particles are present in the marine atmosphere, even in remote parts of the world. The study found that different types of plastics, including polyester and polyethylene terephthalate, were detected in air samples collected from various sites along the Norwegian coast.
A research group led by Kyoto University collected data on gamma-ray glows from thunderstorms, which may help explain the origins of lightning. The team proposes that high-energy particles from space could trigger lightning discharges.
A new study suggests that catastrophic Australian bushfires in 2019-2020 contributed to a rare, three-year La Niña event. The research found that wildfire emissions brightened cloud decks across the Southern Hemisphere, cooling the Tropical Pacific ocean and ultimately shifting climate conditions.
A new study reveals that natural decadal variability related to the Pacific Ocean played a significant role in modulating the Pacific Walker circulation change. The research found that the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO) could explain 63% of the observed strengthening trend in the Walker circulation between 1980-2015.
A study published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences reviews research on sea-air interactions, revealing a complex relationship between ocean currents and atmospheric circulation. The review suggests that eddies and fronts can drive changes to both weather and climate, but more investigation is needed to fully understand their impact.
Researchers used a high-resolution model to study mesoscale air-sea interaction, revealing its significant impact on oceanic circulation, atmospheric processes, and cloud formation. The study highlights the importance of resolving oceanic mesoscale eddies and fronts in global coupled models.
A study found a positive feedback mechanism between the East Asian upper-tropospheric westerly jet (EAJ) and land surface temperature, particularly in the Russian Far East. The EAJ's deceleration leads to increased warming, which in turn strengthens the EAJ, creating a self-reinforcing cycle.
Researchers propose 'anomalous moist enthalpy advection mechanism' to explain WNPAC formation. This new theory suggests that atmospheric dynamics and thermodynamics drive WNPAC maintenance, rather than local air-sea interactions.
NASA's RapidScat instrument identified the storm's strongest winds north of the center, which were near 36 meters per second/80.5 mph/129.6 kph on Dec. 13, 2015. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) captured a visible image of Typhoon Melor as it made landfall in eastern Visayas and Bicol regions.
The NASA GPM satellite captured detailed rainfall data of Tropical Storm Mekkhala on January 14, revealing intense convective storms near its center. The storm strengthened into a tropical storm over the western quadrant, with moderate vertical wind shear.
Researchers found phase synchronization between El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the annual temperature cycle in the eastern equatorial Pacific. This phenomenon indicates that at certain times El Niño and the annual cycle run according to the same beat, while at other times their phases 'slip past' each other.
A groundbreaking buoy deployment has begun in the Western Pacific to better understand air-sea interactions during typhoons. The buoys will collect data on momentum, heat, and moisture exchange between the atmosphere and ocean.
A NASA study found that urban heat islands in coastal cities like Houston cause warmer air to rise, interact with sea breezes, and create heavier rainfall. The study also suggests that this effect may be more pronounced near coasts.
A Scripps research study uses remote imaging techniques to accurately measure breaking waves, providing insights into ocean currents, heat transfer, and aerosol production. The findings will inform two new projects aiming to understand hurricane dynamics and thermodynamics.