Articles tagged with Adults
A survey study found that 6 months into Medicaid unwinding, 1 in 8 beneficiaries reported exiting the program, with wide state variation. Many who lost coverage experienced gaps in care, and adults exiting Medicaid faced more difficulties accessing healthcare services than those remaining enrolled.
Research by a University of Virginia undergraduate may help explain recurrent Crohn’s disease in children and open the door to new ways to treat or even cure the devastating condition. Children with relapsing Crohn’s had persistent disruptions of their microbiomes even after inflammation was successfully controlled.
Long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with a higher need for help with lost independence in later life. Traffic-related sources generate the largest and most consistent increases in risk, suggesting controlling air pollution may delay or divert care needs.
A large US cohort study found no association between multivitamin use and reduced mortality risk. The study included over 200,000 participants and analyzed data from three prospective cohorts.
Researchers found associations between childhood cognition, adolescent crystalized intelligence, and midlife fluid intelligence with DNA methylation age acceleration. A 1-unit increase in adolescent PPVT was associated with a 0.048-year decrease in aging.
A study by JGU found that adolescents (14-20 years) are more satisfied with being single than their counterparts ten years ago. The researchers attribute this to the growing normalization of singlehood and changing attitudes towards romantic conventions among younger generations.
A study found that individuals with stable employment have better identity synthesis and experience less identity confusion compared to those with unstable employment. Those with higher identity synthesis also report higher life satisfaction regardless of employment status.
A cohort study of 10,634 participants reveals that childhood risk factors are associated with adult cardiovascular disease. The study highlights the importance of intervening in childhood to reduce the incidence of adult CVD, particularly for body mass index (BMI) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
A recent study published in JAMA Internal Medicine reveals that transgender and gender-diverse adults in the US experience over 2-fold increases in frequent mental distress and depression. The population also faces significant health inequities compared to cisgender counterparts.
A randomized clinical trial found that an intermittent fasting plan consisting of two nonconsecutive fasting days and five days of meal replacement diet improved glycemic outcomes and weight loss in the short term compared to metformin or empagliflozin. The study suggests a promising initial intervention for type 2 diabetes management.
A cohort study found that more than 1 in 5 adults did not recover within 3 months of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The risk of recovery was lower among women and those with preexisting cardiovascular disease, but higher among vaccinated individuals during the Omicron variant wave.
A randomized clinical trial found that both electronic cigarettes containing nicotine and varenicline were effective for 6-month smoking cessation. The study results suggest a potential new approach to smoking cessation.
Patients with anorexia nervosa have a 4.5-times higher risk of dying compared to the general population, with psychiatric conditions doubling this risk. The presence of these conditions is also associated with a 1.9-fold higher risk of 10-year mortality in individuals diagnosed at age 6–25 years.
A recent study found that mid-life inflammation is associated with slower late-life mobility, even among healthy adults. The link was strongest for individuals with sustained high inflammation over two decades.
Prolonged β-lactam antibiotic infusions associated with reduced 90-day mortality in adults with sepsis or septic shock. This standard of care approach is now supported by high certainty evidence.
A 15-day course of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir did not demonstrate a significant improvement in select postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms in vaccinated adults with prolonged symptom duration. Further studies are needed to determine the role of antivirals in PASC treatment.
Research published in the Stroke journal found that teenage women who were overweight or obese had a higher risk of ischemic stroke before age 55. The study analyzed data from over 50 years and suggested that even temporary excess weight may have long-term health effects.
A cohort study found lower moderate to vigorous physical activity levels linked to increased cardiovascular disease or mortality in normoglycemic Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults. Adults with prediabetes may gain from reducing sedentary behavior and improving lifestyle factors beyond exercise alone
By 2050, at least 61% of US adults (184 million people) are projected to have some type of cardiovascular disease, with total costs tripling to $1.8 trillion. Population shifts, high blood pressure, and obesity will drive this increase.
A new study by Tulane University found that dark chocolate is safe for consumption and even nutritionally beneficial, containing essential minerals like copper and zinc. Only four out of 155 dark chocolate bars sampled had cadmium levels that posed a risk to children weighing less than 33 pounds.
A new study found that people exposed to higher levels of airplane noise were more likely to have a higher body mass index, an indicator for obesity that can lead to cardiometabolic diseases. The study highlights the role of environmental factors in shaping health outcomes.
A new study found that tirzepatide significantly reduced weight in Chinese adults with obesity, with both 10mg and 15mg doses showing clinical benefits. The treatment also demonstrated an acceptable safety profile.
Early-life air and noise pollution exposure were associated with increased risk of psychotic experiences, depression, and anxiety from adolescence to young adulthood. Interventions to reduce pollution exposure could potentially improve population mental health.
A cross-sectional study reveals racial and ethnic disparities in treatment delays and discontinuations among patients with SARS-CoV-2, leading to increased cancer mortality among minoritized adults. The disproportionate burden varied across SARS-CoV-2 waves.
A new American Heart Association scientific statement reveals significant gaps in the application of obesity research to patient care, with widespread adoption varying by healthcare professional and institution. The statement emphasizes the need for better implementation of evidence-based treatments and strategies, such as lifestyle mo...
Adult carriers of BAP1 tumor predisposition syndrome show a high incidence of onychopapillomas, a benign nail tumor. This finding suggests using these skin abnormalities to identify family members and patients with cancers associated with the syndrome.
New studies by University of Michigan physicians highlight the need for improved diagnosis coding to target efforts to optimize antibiotic use and reduce risk. Inappropriate prescriptions occur in up to 35% of adults treated in emergency departments, with similar rates seen in clinics serving Medicaid patients.
A study of over 2600 people found a significant correlation between loneliness and various mental health problems, including depression and psychosis. The researchers suggest that loneliness can increase the risk of developing these conditions, although causality cannot be determined.
A new study published in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that greater community mobility is significantly associated with better cognitive function in individuals aged 52 and older. The association was strongest among those at low risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
A new study examined the relationship between mindfulness, self-compassion, other-compassion, and need fulfillment in midlife married couples. The results highlight the importance of need fulfillment, particularly relatedness needs, in connecting higher mindfulness and self-compassion to greater satisfaction.
A new study from the University of Surrey suggests that reflecting on one's teenage years can provide valuable insights for young adults. Participants advised their younger selves to create a safe space, look around and take perspective, and look inwards and trust themselves.
The 2024 AHA/ACC Guideline on the Management of Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease aims to improve patient outcomes by emphasizing timely diagnosis and treatment. Coordinated care among a multispecialty team is crucial in reducing the risk of amputation, heart attack, stroke, and death for individuals with PAD.
Researchers found that smokers skip meals more often, go longer without eating, and are more likely to snack between meals. They also tend to eat fewer sweet foods, but more fried foods, salt, and sugar than non-smokers.
A UK Biobank study suggests that adults living with obesity who were underweight or average weight in childhood may be at increased risk of all-cause mortality. The study found that adult men and women who reported being thinner as children had higher mortality risks, with a 63% and 60% increase respectively.
A new IU study reveals that young infants' daily-life input is unique to their age, characterized by high-contrast edges and simple patterns, which serve as a foundation for human vision. This finding has implications for addressing lifelong visual deficiencies and improving AI visual systems.
A new study from the University of Toronto found that adults with higher depression symptoms are less likely to engage in physical activity, while being more active is linked to better mental health. The research suggests that current physical activity can have a lasting impact on future depression symptoms and vice versa.
Almost 90% of U.S. adults met criteria for cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic syndrome (CKM) stage 1 or higher, with 15% meeting advanced stage criteria that did not improve between 2011 and 2020. Advanced stages were associated with increased risk among older age, men, and Black adults.
A study published in JAMA Pediatrics reveals that children diagnosed with hypertension are at a higher risk of major adverse cardiac events later in life. Improved detection, follow-up, and control of pediatric hypertension may reduce the risk of adult cardiovascular disease.
A new study published by the University of Bath found that adolescents are more vulnerable to cannabis use disorder than adults, despite using cannabis less frequently. The study showed that adolescents reported greater negative impacts on daily functioning and symptoms of cannabis use disorder.
Researchers found that T cells and memory B cells provide durable protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection, with levels attainable after two doses of mRNA vaccination. The study suggests a two-dose vaccination regimen for children against COVID-19.
A recent study published in BJSM found that increased cardio fitness level can reduce the risk of death from any cause and heart disease by 11-17% and 18%, respectively. Regular aerobic exercise programs can achieve this, leading to a reduced risk of early death and chronic conditions.
A nationally representative study of 25,000 participants found that US adults with post-COVID-19 condition are more likely to experience depression and anxiety symptoms than the general population. Individuals with these symptoms reported higher rates of cost-related barriers to accessing mental health treatment.
Researchers developed an AI technique to estimate brain age based on EEG scans, making early screening for degenerative brain diseases more accessible. The technology uses machine learning to analyze brain waves and can be used as a low-cost screening tool for large numbers of people.
Measles is a highly contagious respiratory infectious disease that can cause complications such as ear infections, pneumonia, and neurologic disorders. The measles vaccine is effective and safe, but individuals with immunocompromised conditions require careful consideration.
A new study from the University of Houston reveals that adolescents' life goals, particularly those related to education and prestige, have a significant impact on their educational attainment and occupational outcomes. As people grow older, these goals tend to become more important, with changes in them predicting later success.
A study of 322 participants found racial discrimination to predispose Black young adults to metabolic syndrome through sleep issues and chronic inflammation. This discovery could inform targeted prevention strategies to address existing health disparities in minority populations.
The REACTIVA project aims to establish a new strategy for cardiac regeneration based on reactivating the heart's dormant endogenous mechanism. Researchers will investigate the role of diploid adult cardiomyocytes in cardiac regeneration and use this knowledge to induce their activation.
A new study from Israel found that nearly 1 in 5 adults with congenital heart disease developed an abnormal heart rhythm during a five-year study. Those who developed arrhythmias had twice the risk of early death and increased hospitalization rates compared to those without irregular heart rhythms.
Health behaviors in middle adulthood are relatively stable throughout adulthood, with positive changes observed during the 19-year follow-up period. Sociodemographic characteristics and personality traits, such as conscientiousness and agreeableness, significantly influence healthier behaviors.
Over five RSV seasons, researchers found that nearly one-quarter of hospitalized adults aged 50+ experienced an acute cardiac event, mostly heart failure. The risk of severe outcomes was nearly twice as high in patients with cardiac events compared to those without.
Researchers observed a significant increase in permanent contraception procedures for young adults following the Dobbs decision, with females being disproportionately affected. The study highlights the gendered dynamics of permanent contraceptive use and its implications for women and people with reproductive capacity.
A new study found that childhood maltreatment can continue to impact mental and physical health into adulthood due to its effects on risk factors such as obesity, inflammation, and traumatic experiences. Researchers used MRI brain scans to confirm that widespread changes in brain structure were associated with childhood maltreatment.
A new American Heart Association Scientific Statement highlights the importance of patient-centered care in cardiovascular health, combining expert knowledge with consideration of patients' beliefs, preferences, and values. The statement provides practical guidance on incorporating person-centered care into routine clinical practice.
A study of 1,470 adults with chronic low back pain found that physician empathy was associated with improved outcomes over 12 months. Greater efforts to cultivate and improve physician empathy are warranted.
Midlife mortality rates for deaths of despair, including suicide, overdose, and liver disease, vary by race and ethnicity, with higher rates among Black and American Indian/Alaska Native populations. Early mortality from drug- and alcohol-related causes contributes to these disparities.
A new study published in the Journal of the American Heart Association suggests that treating gum disease after a heart rhythm ablation procedure can lower oral inflammation and reduce the risk of AFib recurrence. Researchers found that an index measuring the severity of gum inflammation was associated with the return of AFib, highligh...
Research from the University of Washington's Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences found that increased neural activity in response to social interaction at 5 months predicted enhanced language development at later ages. The study used magnetoencephalography to monitor infant brain activity during social and nonsocial interactions wi...
A study from the University of Jyväskylä found that low youth cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with decreased work ability in adulthood. The association persisted until the end of working life, highlighting the importance of physical fitness assessment in childhood and adolescence.
Researchers found RSV was less common but similar in severity to COVID-19 and influenza among unvaccinated patients. Among vaccinated patients, RSV disease was more severe than both COVID-19 and influenza for serious outcomes.
Researchers found a link between Fontan circulation and accelerated epigenetic aging, which can cause complications like osteoporosis and renal impairment. The study suggests this acceleration starts in childhood and continues into adulthood, with potential new treatment opportunities to delay progression.