A new study found that despite publication of treatment guidelines, only 55% of older high-risk breast cancer patients received recommended radiation treatment after mastectomy. The lack of improvement in radiation use suggests guidelines may not be effectively improving care for breast cancer patients.
A multidisciplinary team led by RIT professor Anthony Vodacek is conducting a comprehensive survey of Lake Kivu to understand the interplay between volcanism, faulting, and biological processes on the region's biodiversity. The study aims to provide scientific data for informed decision-making on land use and preservation in Rwanda.
A study by University of Miami researchers suggests that including conservation efforts in long-term management plans is crucial for shark populations. Ecotourism can generate significant revenue, with a single reef shark valued at $73 per day alive, and over $200,000 over its 15-year life cycle.
A new study from Rice University and Louisiana State University reveals the Antarctic Peninsula was ice-free and forested during its warmest period 55 million years ago. The research provides a detailed reconstruction of the climatic history of the peninsula, shedding light on how the continent's ice sheets formed and evolved over time.
A landmark study from Monash University found that preterm babies have fewer nephrons and underdeveloped kidneys, increasing their risk of renal disease. The research aims to develop strategies to minimize the consequences of preterm birth and improve kidney development in these babies.
Researchers use genome sequencing and analysis to identify individuals for captive breeding programs, aiming to maximize genetic diversity and prevent extinction. The study provides insights into the impact of European settlement on Tasmanian devil genomic diversity.
Researchers at UCLA have identified a new stem cell that plays a vital role in repairing the large airways of the lungs. The discovery has implications for understanding airway diseases and developing novel cell-based therapies.
A combination of calcium and vitamin D may cut the chance of melanoma in half for some women at high risk of developing this life-threatening skin cancer. The study found that women who took the calcium-vitamin D supplements developed 57 percent fewer melanomas than those who were not given the supplements.
A meta-analysis of bacterial-virus interactions reveals a nested structure, with hard-to-infect bacteria infected by generalist viruses and easy-to-infect bacteria attacked by both generalist and specialist viruses. This discovery could improve predictions of microbial population dynamics and community assembly.
A simple roll of duct tape has been proven to be an effective solution for hospital communication with isolated patients. The 'Red Box' safe zone saves up to 2,700 hours and $110,000 annually by reducing the need for personal protective equipment.
Research at Yale University reveals 10-20% of breast cancers classified as ER negative are actually positive, leading to under-treatment and missed opportunities for effective therapies. A new method for standardizing Estrogen Receptor measurement has been developed, which detects the receptor with higher sensitivity and reproducibility.
Professor Ali Khademhosseini, a leading expert in biomedical microdevices and biomaterials, will join the University of Texas at Austin's Department of Biomedical Engineering as a Donald D. Harrington Fellow. He aims to develop tissue-engineered organs and control cell behavior using novel, modular approaches.
Researchers identified six distinct subtypes of triple-negative breast cancer, each responding differently to chemotherapies. The study provides molecular targets for drug discovery and development efforts, offering hope for personalized therapy.
The University of Houston's Center for Life Sciences Technology has received a $300,000 state grant to continue and expand its research-based education programs in biotechnology. The grant will support the center's mission to provide innovative interdisciplinary training to aspiring professionals and industry workers.
Researchers have successfully implanted lab-grown blood vessels from donor skin cells into patients, a breakthrough that could improve treatment for kidney dialysis and coronary bypass surgery. The vessels withstood high pressure and frequent needle punctures without rejecting the immune system, paving the way for widespread use.
A Dutch study published in CMAJ found that multidisciplinary integrated care in residential care facilities resulted in better quality of care for seniors with complex health needs. The study showed improved functional ability, reduced hospital admissions, and enhanced health-related quality of life among participants.
Researchers from Washington State University tested common cheating methods in baseball, finding that corked bats result in slower bounces, while juiced balls have nearly identical coefficients of restitution as contemporary ones. Humidors also curb home run production by reducing ball bounce.
A new, top-tier, open access journal for biomedical and life sciences research will attract the best publications from across these fields. The journal will employ a fair, swift and transparent editorial process with rapid online publication.
A new discovery has been made in the fight against plague and bacterial pneumonias by researchers at the Trudeau Institute. They have identified a single component of the plague causing bacterium that can be used as a vaccine, offering a potential safer alternative to existing vaccines.
The German Federal Ministry of Health has awarded funding for efficient production of cancer diagnostic agent technetium-99m at FRM II in Garching. The goal is to increase specific activity and improve packaging processes.
A study at McMaster University found that practice can lead to precise and long-lasting changes in the brain's ability to retain information about visual patterns. Researchers observed significant improvements in accuracy rates over time, even when participants were shown new images closely resembling those they had seen previously.
Two studies suggest diet soft drink consumption may lead to increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other chronic conditions. Diet soda users experienced a 70% greater increase in waist circumference compared to non-users.
A new study found that physicians are accepting fewer patients with private insurance, despite the expansion of health care reform. This decline is attributed to low reimbursement rates and administrative complexities, which may hamper access to quality medical care.
Tiny metallic particles produced by University of Adelaide researchers have been found to efficiently split water into hydrogen and oxygen using solar radiation. This process has the potential to produce cheap, clean, and portable hydrogen energy.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have discovered a possible new treatment for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) by targeting the invasive type of cell that leads to lung fibrosis. By reducing the production of hyaluronan and blocking its receptor, they were able to prevent fibrosis in living mice.
Researchers found that aged mice showed increased activity and anxiety-like behaviors before sleep, similar to sundowning in humans. Changes in brain regions associated with attention, emotions, and arousal were also observed, suggesting a biological basis for the syndrome.
A review of documents suggests that the Study of Neurontin: Titrate to Effect, Profile of Safety (STEPS) study was a seeding trial intended to promote gabapentin and increase prescribing. The study's uncontrolled design and compromised data quality raise concerns about its validity.
Hospitals in US territories demonstrate worse performance on core processes for acute myocardial infarction, heart failure, and pneumonia compared to hospitals in the US. The territories have higher mortality rates and lower performance measures for patients discharged after these conditions.
A new study by Virginia Institute of Marine Science researchers suggests that disease-resistant oysters are thriving in the high-salinity areas of Chesapeake Bay, where MSX and Dermo parasites thrive. Restoration efforts should focus on these areas to increase resistance, rather than low-salinity refugia.
A new study reveals that Bdellovibrio can reduce Salmonella bacteria by 90% without harming birds. The research confirms the safety and effectiveness of this natural predator as a potential alternative to antibiotics.
Researchers used bifurcation diagrams to analyze bursting electrical activity in pancreatic beta cells, finding distinct behavioral patterns under critical parameter regions. Dynamical systems approaches are gaining importance in biology due to their ability to dissect complex systems and understand cell-signaling mechanisms.
In a study published in Ecology, researchers found that banded tetras play a keystone role in nutrient recycling due to their diet composition and excretion rates. This finding highlights the importance of conservation efforts in maintaining ecosystem function.
Routine weather events like rain and cooler days can have a significant impact on the US economy, affecting every state. The study found that the mining and agriculture sectors are particularly sensitive to changes in temperature and precipitation.
A study of 36,261 patients found that diastolic dysfunction was associated with a higher mortality rate, particularly in moderate and severe cases. The researchers suggest that early identification of advanced diastolic dysfunction may lead to earlier interventions and improved outcomes.
A study found that female plants can control which pollen grains reach their ovules by delaying stigma receptivity, resulting in increased paternal diversity and seed production. This mechanism enhances offspring fitness in the annual herb Collinsia.
Researchers used clinker deposits and U-Th/He isotopic dating to determine the pace of recent evolution in the Powder River Basin. The study found that the basin has experienced increasing incision and topographic relief over the last million years, with rates of up to 0.3 km/million years.
Researchers discovered a compound in cinnamon bark that can inhibit the development of Alzheimer's disease. The extract, called CEppt, slows down the progression of the disease and breaks up toxic amyloid fibers in the brain.
Tropical Depression Meari is weakening due to wind shear and cooler sea surface temperatures as it approaches North Korea, with moderate rainfall observed by NASA's TRMM satellite. The system is expected to fall apart over the Hamgyeong Mountain Range, potentially regenerating in the Sea of Japan
A study by USC researchers reveals that the inefficiency of activation-induced deoxycytidine deaminase is key to generating antibody diversity, a crucial component of the immune system. The enzyme's random process creates mutations in immunoglobulin genes, producing a diverse array of antibodies.
A new study found that increasing soluble fiber intake can reduce visceral fat by 3.7% over five years and decrease belly fat accumulation rate by 7.4%. Moderate activity, such as vigorous exercise for 30 minutes two to four times a week, is also effective in reducing belly fat.
Researchers developed a new software that allows wireless sensor networks to run at much lower energy, improving the efficiency of hurricane and other natural disaster warning systems. The technology also enables environmental monitoring and risk identification.
A new study highlights the importance of parental involvement in helping teenagers understand and prepare for workplace risks. The research found that most parents are unaware of the hazards their teens face on the job, but can play a critical role in ensuring good safety standards by asking the right questions.
Researchers have identified a central switch responsible for transforming healthy brain cells into epileptic ones. The discovery marks a dramatic change in understanding how temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) develops, revealing the role of epigenetic mechanisms and a master switch-like protein called NRSF.
Heavy rains in Canada caused historic flooding in Minot, N.D., with over 4,000 homes and businesses affected. The Souris River reached nearly four feet higher than its all-time high set in 1881.
A recent study conducted at Loma Linda University found that black members of the Seventh-day Adventist Church have a significantly better quality of life compared to the average American. They reported lower rates of smoking, drinking, and meat consumption, as well as higher rates of vegetarianism and water consumption.
A new University of Cincinnati study found that binge drinking among adolescents and young adults can cause cortical-thinning in the pre-frontal cortex, leading to impaired executive functioning. The research also suggests that greater number of drinks per binge is associated with reduced gray matter thickness.
The NIST researchers developed an evaluative framework called SCORE to assess the performance of systems and their components, providing a unified set of criteria and software tools for emerging technologies evaluation. The framework helps maximize contributions without biasing test results and provides flexibility over time.
A Duke University Medical Center research team has discovered new proteins in blood cells of patients with advanced prostate cancer and metastatic breast cancer. These proteins are associated with embryonic development and may help doctors gauge the progression or response to treatment more accurately.
A vaccine targeting glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) failed to preserve insulin production in patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes. Researchers suggest that the vaccine may be beneficial for preventing or delaying the onset of the disease, but should not be used in clinical practice.
Researchers have created a uniform, controllable core-shell nanoparticle that can be made-to-order with precise shape and size. This nanoparticle testbed enables the study of controlled variations in biological systems, facilitating the development of better nanomaterials.
A US EPA study has found that peat wildfire smoke is associated with a significant increase in emergency room visits for respiratory and cardiovascular effects. The study discovered a 37% rise in ER visits for people experiencing symptoms of heart failure during a period of dense smoke exposure.
Physicists at NIST generated microwave signals with improved purity and stability using a new optical frequency comb-based system. The apparatus has the potential to improve signal stability and resolution in radar, communications, and navigation systems, as well as certain types of atomic clocks.
The University of Nottingham is launching a research centre to explore underutilised crops from around the world. The centre aims to develop new crops that can be grown in future climates, addressing global food security concerns.
A new study from UT MD Anderson Cancer Center found that nearly half of women with advanced breast cancer in the US are not receiving life-saving post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT), despite evidence-based guidelines outlining its benefits. The study suggests that better strategies, such as requiring compliance for accreditation a...
Researchers have developed nano-sized sensors that detect harmful pollutants at lower concentrations and with greater reliability than traditional commercial gas sensors. The new nanowire sensors operate at room temperature, reducing power consumption and enabling more widespread use.
Researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center identified a collagen-binding protein allowing Streptococcus mutans to invade heart tissue, causing endocarditis. The discovery may lead to a screening tool to gauge dental patients' vulnerability.
A team of researchers has identified a new breast cancer tumor suppressor called Runx3, which regulates gene expression and targets the estrogen receptor alpha. The study found that Runx3 suppressed breast cancer cell growth and inhibited tumor formation in mice, offering potential benefits for early detection and treatment.
Researchers are testing new technologies that detect hard and soft spots in roadbeds, allowing for more efficient and effective foundation construction. The mobile lab's work could also be applied to the construction and monitoring of earthen levees to improve stability and reduce costs.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology and Tel Aviv University discovered dielectron charging of water nano-droplets, where excess electrons form doubly negatively charged clusters. The study reveals a water-splitting process resulting in molecular hydrogen liberation and hydroxide anions formation.
A national survey found that 1 in 20 Australian workers use alcohol or drugs while on the job. The most commonly used workplace drug was alcohol, followed by painkillers and amphetamines. Despite this, many workers underestimate the negative impact of substance use on workplace safety.
New tools and methods enable targeted gene delivery to cells in the central nervous system, offering hope for new treatments. Novel strategies include using stem cells and siRNAs to silence genes involved in neurological diseases.
Researchers found that a brief conversation with an adult led to significant reductions in marijuana use among teenagers who frequently used the drug. The program, called Teen Marijuana Check-Up, was shown to decrease usage by up to 20% over a year, setting a promising model for schools and counselors.
A tiny ring laser can detect and count individual nanoparticles with high accuracy, offering a breakthrough in sensing technology. The sensor's effective resolution limit is about one nanometer, making it orders of magnitude more sensitive than earlier passive resonators.
The University of Maryland and Maryland Municipal League team up to help communities plan and implement green practices, earning a 'certificate of sustainability' and potential state grants. Communities can navigate the process at their own pace, with no upfront costs.
A study by Cedars-Sinai surgeon Shirin Towfigh found that daily probing of wounds with a dry cotton swab after surgery dramatically reduced infections in post-operative incision sites. The technique resulted in significantly shorter hospital stays and better cosmetic healing.
Ladybird beetles' ability to produce anti-ant defences has led to their high diversity, with most species having one or both of these defences. This evolutionary shift allowed ladybirds to successfully poach soft-bodied scale insects from under the noses of aggressive ants.
Marine biologists have identified a 500-million-year-old symbiotic relationship between catenulid flatworms, like Paracatenula, and Alpha-Proteobacteria. The unique Riegeria symbionts have been found to account for up to 50% of the worm's tissue and are believed to be responsible for its nutrition.
Researchers found that a strawberry a day may keep doctors away, including neurologists, endocrinologists, and oncologists. Fisetin, a flavonoid compound, reduced complications of diabetes, anxiety-related behaviors, and high blood sugar levels in mice.
Researchers at Aalto University found that carbon emissions are linked to income and consumption habits, with rich individuals producing more CO2. The study used a hybrid life cycle analysis approach to quantify carbon emissions by looking at production, monetary transactions, and consumption statistics.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute engineer Cynthia Collins will study the effects of microgravity on Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria aboard the Space Shuttle Atlantis. The research aims to understand how biofilms form in space, which could help protect astronauts from infections.
A Washington State University student's research has challenged a widely held assumption on the best way to analyze ancient DNA in anthropological and forensic investigations. Direct sequencing was found to be as effective as cloning in analyzing degraded DNA, with potential cost savings and time efficiency benefits.
A clinical study found that a gabapentin trial was likely a 'seeding trial' to promote the drug, raising concerns about pharmaceutical industry sponsorship of clinical trials. The study's authors argue that this practice is unethical and highlights the need for reform in clinical trial practice.
A study led by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that about 10% of adult childhood cancer survivors develop new tumors unrelated to their original cancers. Regular cancer screenings are crucial for this growing population.
A new study shows that southern right whales from remote sub-Antarctic islands have found their way back to New Zealand's mainland, indicating a potential return of this endangered species. The whales' strong 'maternal fidelity' helped them remember ancestral calving grounds, enabling them to migrate and breed in their former habitat.
A new study published in Archives of Internal Medicine found that patients treated for a heart attack in US territories have a significantly higher risk of dying within 30 days. The researchers used Medicare data to compare outcomes in hospitals across the US territories and mainland, revealing substantial differences in mortality rates.
A new study by University of Notre Dame researchers reveals that the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae exhibits daily rhythms in gene expression, with nearly 16% of its genome showing time-of-day specific changes. This discovery highlights potential targets for novel malarial control strategies and optimization of existing approaches.
Researchers at Columbia University developed a new technique to evaluate human stem cells using cell micropatterning, enabling the study of developmental processes and disease diagnosis. The technique reveals directional motion patterns in cells, which can distinguish between normal and pathological behaviors.
Guangwen Zhou, a Binghamton University mechanical engineer, has received the National Science Foundation's Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) Award for his work on oxidation and reduction reactions. His research could lead to more durable gadgets and 'greener' electronics-manufacturing processes.
Researchers analyzed data from BC MS Clinics' database and BC Perinatal Database Registry to compare pregnancy outcomes in women with MS to those without the disease. Babies born to mothers with MS did not have significantly different gestational age or birth weight, but mothers with greater disability had slightly elevated risk of adv...
Researchers found that BPA-exposed male deer mice are less desirable to females, perform poorly on spatial navigation tasks, and exhibit random trial-and-error strategies. The study suggests that exposure to BPA during human development could be damaging to behavioral and cognitive traits unique to each sex.
Researchers discovered a key difference in how fish and mammals chew their food. Fish primarily use their tongue muscles to transport food into the mouth, whereas mammals use them to position food for optimal chewing by teeth.
Researchers validate concerns about internet addiction among college students, finding 4% scored in the addicted range. Media use also linked to increased sleep problems in preschool-aged children, with violent content causing significant disruptions.