Researchers at University of Louisville find activity-based training improves bladder and bowel function, increases sexual desire in individuals with severe spinal cord injury. The training also strengthens neural circuits that control urogenital and bowel functions.
A new study found that standing burns more calories than sitting, with a 65 kg person losing 10 kg in 4 years by substituting standing for sitting for 6 hours a day. Standing is linked to lower rates of heart attacks, strokes, and diabetes.
Scientists develop method to produce shinorine in lab, increasing reliable supply and reducing environmental impact. The new process uses freshwater cyanobacteria as host cells for shinorine expression, resulting in higher production yields.
A Hong Kong Baptist University study found that skin squames from humans contribute to odors in air-conditioning systems by providing a food source for bacteria. The researchers recommend installing filters to capture skin squames, which can help mitigate odor problems.
Researchers at the IAC have identified a star with minimal heavy elements, providing insights into the formation of the Galaxy's first chemical elements. The star, located 7,500 light years from Earth, has a surface temperature of 400 degrees hotter than the Sun.
A new study uses computer-based models to identify mechanisms used by bacterial spores to evade extreme temperatures, chemicals, and radiation. The researchers determined the optimal conditions for killing harmful bacteria, revealing a unique 'freeze-dried' state that protects the DNA machinery.
Research published by the American Psychological Association found that people view immoral individuals as less able to do their jobs or complete tasks effectively. Immoral behavior reduces judgments of people's competence.
A new study calculates pandemic-related deaths of 700,000 and annual economic losses of $500 billion, according to a theoretical model applied to rare pandemic scenarios. The estimated costs fall within the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change's estimates of global warming costs.
Researchers found that relatives of Zika virus can damage developing fetuses in mice and replicate in human tissues, raising concerns about other emerging viruses causing birth defects. The study suggests that flavivirus infections might cause pregnancy complications more frequently than previously appreciated.
Patients with acute cardiac syndrome and cardiogenic shock living far from Halifax have significantly lower survival rates due to limited access to cardiac catheterization. The study found that patients with direct access to invasive care had a mortality rate of 41.7%, compared to 83.5% for those without direct access.
Researchers developed DNA-assisted molecular robots that autonomously swarm in response to chemical and physical signals. The swarm behavior resembles that of fish, ants, and birds, featuring complex structures, distinct divisions of labor, robustness, and flexibility.
The Clif Bar & King Arthur Flour Endowed Chair in Organic Grain Breeding & Innovation is awarded to Stephen Jones, enabling continued organic grains research at WSU Bread Lab. The funding supports development of hardy, nutritionally-dense crop varieties adapted to organic farming practices.
Researchers created a fluid material with orderly condensed egg white proteins, which gelled upon heating and exhibited high mechanical properties. The resulting hydrogel showed a compressive fracture strength 150-fold higher than traditional boiled egg white.
Researchers at WashU Medicine found that temporarily shutting off neuronal signals to a healthy part of the brain may aid stroke recovery. Mice with clipped whiskers showed improved recovery of right forepaw use, while those with intact whiskers had limited improvement.
A recent study from Uppsala University found that sleep loss affects women's working memory differently than men's. Women who pulled an all-nighter performed worse on a working memory task, remembering fewer digits after sleep deprivation.
A group of molecules called chondroitin sulfate accumulates and causes inflammation in the hearts of patients with heart failure, leading to multi-organ failure. Researchers found that targeting these molecular nets may bring a fresh new treatment approach for patients with severe debilitating disease.
A large study found that fitter children have better lung function as young adults and a reduced risk of developing chronic lung diseases. The study suggests that improving childhood fitness could help protect against lung disease in adulthood.
Researchers at Queen's University Belfast have discovered a new process called aggregation-induced emission (AIE) that can create wider variety of colours in high-definition TVs. This process could increase the number of colour combinations by over 50% and lead to brighter, lighter and more energy-efficient displays.
A study of US insurance claims found that children whose families visited a doctor in the previous year were less likely to experience complications from appendicitis. The research suggests that establishing a relationship with a primary care doctor can lead to prompt emergency care and lower complication rates.
Research reveals fusion pores in cells have dynamic behavior, opening and closing rapidly, contrary to conventional wisdom. The number of SNARE proteins affects the pore's state, with more proteins leading to a mostly open state.
The UK is investing £16 million in 15 new healthcare technology projects to tackle international health challenges, including malaria and poor antenatal care. The projects aim to develop affordable imaging and diagnostics tools and prosthetics for low-income countries.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine developed a cancer vaccine that eliminates tumors in mice by stimulating immune cells within the tumor site. The treatment showed promise for many types of cancers and could potentially replace or complement existing immunotherapy approaches.
Researchers combined tofacitinib, an arthritis medication, with narrow band ultraviolet B light therapy to restore skin color in patients with vitiligo. After a few months of treatment, both patients experienced near-total restoration of skin pigmentation.
Researchers investigated how additives impact carbon dioxide interaction with beverages, affecting taste and creaminess. They found that additives like sugar reduce diffusion rate, extending fizzy period. Hydrogen bonds also decrease, impacting taste.
A new study published in Neurology found that in-person license renewal laws and vision testing significantly reduce crashes involving drivers with dementia. Hospitalized drivers aged 60-69 were 37% less likely to have dementia in states with in-person renewal laws.
The Literacy 3D program expands to more classrooms, increasing children's engagement with evidence-based literacy activities and fostering growth in pre-literacy skills. Preliminary findings show a positive impact on early literacy skills and expressive language.
A nationwide population-based study analyzed over 120,000 women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer, finding that only 14.7% required additional biopsies during follow-up care. The study's findings will help physicians counsel patients about breast cancer recurrence rates and the need for future biopsies.
The study reveals that massive stars are much more abundant than previously thought, with a significant fraction of stellar mass in high-mass stars. The research has far-reaching consequences for the understanding of our cosmos, including an estimated 70% increase in supernovae and 200% increase in chemical yields.
The IllustrisTNG project simulates the universe's large-scale structure, gaining insights into how supermassive black holes shape galaxies. The simulations predict a key transformation in galaxy life cycles, with black holes extinguishing star formation.
A study mapping China's 30,000 flowering plant species reveals a significant East-West divide in evolutionary relationships and biodiversity. The research highlights the need for conservation efforts in densely populated eastern China to protect threatened plant species and their animals.
Israel E. Wachs, Lehigh University professor, has been awarded a Fulbright Senior Scholar Fellowship to research energy-related topics with Gideon Grader and Oz Gazit at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology. This fellowship aims to increase mutual understanding between the U.S. and Israel through academic exchange.
Researchers at Penn Engineering have developed an optical switch that can mimic the behavior of electronic transistors, enabling efficient signal processing and computation. The breakthrough, achieved by precisely controlling light waves using tailored electric fields, could lead to significant advances in photonic computing.
Researchers found a transient, shape-shifting mechanism in DNA that influences the frequency of spontaneous mutations, which can drive evolution and diseases like cancer. The study reveals that specific DNA sequences affect the rates of these errors.
Researchers used a novel lab-on-a-chip to study gene regulation in single E. coli bacteria under changing environmental conditions. The chip allows for the precise growth and behavior of individual bacteria to be tracked over several days, revealing new insights into bacterial adaptation strategies.
A new research from the University of Sydney suggests that athletes who delay specialising until later years may be more successful. The study found that younger swimmers were over-represented at lower age categories but relatively older swimmers excelled at higher levels.
An international team of researchers has confirmed that supermassive black holes in the centers of massive galaxies play a key role in regulating star formation. The study found that galaxies with more massive black holes form stars at a faster rate initially, but then experience slower star formation rates over time.
A comprehensive review of 30 years' worth of research concludes that lone star ticks do not transmit the bacteria that cause Lyme disease, but can transmit other human illnesses such as ehrlichiosis and red meat allergy. The evidence, based on over 60 published articles, shows that lone star tick saliva is a barrier against Lyme bacteria.
Researchers have developed a smart coating that mimics the structure of human skin, offering a balance between strength and self-healing capabilities. The coating, composed of polyvinyl alcohol and tannic acid, can heal itself like skin when cut and also kill bacteria.
Researchers from Kumamoto University developed a new electrodialytic ion transfer enrichment method to improve the sensitivity of analytical systems for various ionic solutes. This method enables fast and efficient detection in low-cost equipment, making it suitable for community health analysis in resource-limited areas.
The University of Texas at Arlington has received a $227,000 grant to develop the manufacturing process for the REHEAL glove, a bioengineered healing glove that delivers medicine to injured hands to speed up healing. The project aims to accelerate rehabilitation and improve patient care.
Research found that fertilized soils in the Central Valley contribute up to 40 percent of California's NOx emissions. The study suggests potential solutions through improved fertilizer management and soil conservation techniques.
Research suggests that the brain's insular cortex mediates approach and avoidance responses to others in distress. The hormone oxytocin plays a crucial role in regulating this process, influencing social affective behaviors.
Researchers at Naval Research Laboratory have discovered a new material that emits light much faster than conventional materials, enabling larger power, lower energy use, and faster switching for communication and sensors. The discovery could lead to 20 times more intense LEDs and lasers.
Researchers discover that low levels of microRNA miR-125a-5p correlate with high levels of protein TIMP-1 in human lung cancer cells. Increasing miR-125a-5p levels reduces cancer spread and increases cell death. TIMP-1's role is also explored, revealing its dual function in promoting or inhibiting tumor growth.
A study of European adolescents aged 12-17 found that only vigorous physical activity significantly reduced cardiovascular disease risk factors like BMI and waist size. Poor cardiovascular fitness was linked more closely to future heart problems than moderate activity.
Research found adults with psychotic disorders experience cognitive decline in early childhood and adolescence, suggesting potential for early intervention to prevent illness onset. The study tracked IQ scores and cognitive abilities throughout the first two decades of life among individuals who developed psychotic disorders in adulthood.
Research by University of Delaware oceanographer Wei-Jun Cai and colleagues reveals that coastal water is taking up a larger portion of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The study's findings, published in Nature Communications, may have important implications for understanding the global carbon budget and predicting greenhouse gas emissions.
A new special issue in PhytoKeys features 17 new species from Southeast Asia, showcasing the region's remarkable botanical diversity. The discoveries emphasize the urgent need for conservation and understanding biodiversity in the face of climate change and economic growth.
A University of Minnesota study found that multiple wetlands within a watershed can significantly reduce nitrate pollution in rivers and streams. The research highlights the importance of targeted wetland restoration as a strategy for improving water quality in agricultural regions.
A slab of sandstone at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center contains over 70 preserved tracks of mammals and dinosaurs, including small theropods and pterosaurs, providing a rare glimpse of their interaction. The discovery sheds light on ancient times on Earth and offers insights into prehistoric life.
A study published in The BMJ reveals that chronic diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes, significantly increase cancer risk, accounting for over one-fifth of new cancer cases. Regular physical activity was found to reduce this risk by nearly 40%.
Research found that forest owners at greater risk of causing deforestation are more likely to participate in conservation programs when controlled harvesting is allowed. Sustainable timber harvesting was a key factor in their willingness to accept contracts, suggesting that such practices can enhance ecological impacts.
The Colorado potato beetle's genome provides insights into its ability to rapidly develop resistance to insecticides and spread to new climates. Researchers have discovered genes that enable the beetle to thrive on different plant hosts and tolerate toxins, but not new genes explaining rapid pesticide evolution.
A team of astrophysicists has created a map with 300 galaxies close to the Milky Way, classified based on stellar motion rather than morphological characteristics. The study reveals that circular orbits are common in lower mass galaxies, while 'hot orbits' are more frequent in higher mass galaxies.
Researchers used over 40 telescopes to observe a rare event: the blazar CTA 102 increased its brightness by 3,500 times. The team found that the jet's radiation and particles emit in multiple frequencies from different zones, creating a serpentine shape. This discovery supports theoretical models of jet instability and propagation.
A new web-based stress management program has been shown to significantly improve the quality of life and reduce distress in newly diagnosed cancer patients. The online program, developed by researchers from the University of Basel, provides patients with information, exercises, and strategies to manage their condition.
A new study found that pink sea urchin species are less vulnerable to climate change than other urchin species. The species is abundant at depths similar to spot prawn fishers and produces edible roe during winter. Legalizing fishing of pink sea urchin as bycatch could relieve pressure on vulnerable species.
A new study on turtle brain evolution reveals that their brains have changed slowly and constantly over 210 million years, with modern turtles showing a wide variety of brain shapes and sizes. The first turtles with fully formed shells were likely living on land, contradicting previous hypotheses about their origins.
The AR Girls project aims to promote science and computer science interest among young women through augmented reality design experiences. The team will work with local art organizations to create AR stories or games that address science questions and issues relevant to their communities.
A global clinical trial of CAR T-cell therapy tisagenlecleucel found that 61% of children and young adults achieved complete remission after treatment, with durable responses lasting months or years. Most side effects were short-lived and reversible, with overall survival rates exceeding 90% at six months.