Scientists at UCLA have identified sodium glucose transporter 2 (SGLT2) as a key mechanism in lung cancer cell growth, which could lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment. The study found that SGLT2 is predominantly used by lung cancer cells to transport glucose, even in pre-malignant lesions.
A recent study discovered a non-coding genetic variant, rs17114036, that enhances endothelial response to blood flow, reducing the risk of coronary artery disease. This variant is associated with increased expression of phospholipid phosphatase 3 (PLPP3), which promotes vascular health.
Astronomers at Carnegie Institution for Science have discovered a frozen Super-Earth orbiting Barnard's star, just six light-years from Earth. The planet has at least 3.2 times Earth's mass and orbits its star every 233 days at a distance where water would be frozen.
A new paper describes two fossil species of marsupials that lived on an island in the Pontide region of modern-day north-central Turkey during the Eocene. The study sheds light on how island ecosystems evolved over time, revealing that even unique biotas are doomed to extinction given enough time.
BioJupies accelerates RNA sequencing data analysis, enabling researchers to share results in minutes. The cloud-based platform provides interactive reports and reduces costs to under one cent per sample.
A study of older primary care patients found that hospital admission significantly increases the risk of inappropriate prescribing. The research highlights the need for better coordination of care to reduce medication-related harms.
The 2018 AAAS Kavli Science Journalism Awards honored journalists for their work on a male contraceptive pill, the environmental impact of toxic algae and invasive mussels, and efforts to restore patients with severe brain injuries. The awards also recognized a documentary on NASA's mission to the outer planets.
A study led by University of Miami biologists found that tropical trees in the Andes are migrating to higher, cooler elevations to escape warming temperatures. However, this migration is not happening quickly enough to avoid biodiversity loss, functional collapse, or extinction.
Tropical Cyclone Gaja's powerful thunderstorms circled its center, forming a thick band that wrapped into the low-level center from the eastern quadrant. The storm is moving west-southwest and has maximum sustained winds near 45 knots.
Researchers at the National Eye Institute combine adaptive optics and angiography to visualize live neurons, epithelial cells, and blood vessels in the retina. This technology could lead to earlier detection of diseases like age-related macular degeneration.
The study surveyed nearly 400 consumers about their shopping habits and perceptions, finding that most agreed that physical stores are part of the social fabric of society. Respondents preferred online shopping for convenience and accessibility but prioritized tactile experiences in-store, while favoring social interaction with family ...
Parents and adolescents largely agree on preventive care and confidentiality, but doctors have a different opinion. The study suggests that providing opportunities for private conversations with a doctor can lead to better health outcomes.
A recent study identifies most suitable climate and hydrological data sources for remote areas in East Africa, enabling more accurate assessments of climate change impacts. The findings provide valuable insights into the region's vulnerability to extreme weather events and climate variability.
Astronomers have discovered a cold Super-Earth orbiting around the Barnard's star, which is about six light-years away from Earth. The planet candidate has a minimum of 3.2 Earth masses and orbits its red star every 233 days near the snow-line.
The combination therapy of NIR178 and spartalizumab has shown activity in non-small cell lung cancer patients, with two complete responses and 14 patients experiencing stable disease. The treatment was well-tolerated, with most side effects being mild to moderate.
A new seismic study reveals that subduction zones drag about three times more water down into the deep Earth than previously estimated. The observations from the Mariana Trench have important implications for the global water cycle, suggesting that much of the Earth's water is being recycled through volcanic activity.
Researchers have created an oral formulation of semaglutide, a successful type 2 diabetes therapy, that can be more readily absorbed in the stomach. This development has the potential to improve treatment flexibility and patient adherence to T2D treatment programs, offering patients a less invasive route of administration.
Researchers have successfully measured the Earth's magnetic field in the sodium layer of the mesosphere using laser-generated artificial stars. This technique allows for ground-based observations of the mesosphere, previously difficult to access, and holds promise for monitoring space weather and measuring electrical currents.
Researchers developed a treatment for canine leishmaniasis using the LeishTec vaccine, which is already available in Brazil. The vaccine was tested on over 400 dogs and proved effective in minimizing disease symptoms.
Dr. Marise Parent is studying how the hippocampus inhibits eating behavior at a biochemical level to identify new strategies for treating diet-induced obesity and other eating-related disorders. Memory plays a crucial role in controlling eating behavior, but the exact brain areas involved are not well understood.
Recent rainfall in the Atacama Desert has caused widespread devastation among local microbial species, with 85% extinction rate reported. This study provides crucial information for understanding the microbiology of extremely arid environments and its implications for the search for life on Mars.
Two new studies reveal that previous Dengue infection in pregnant mothers may lead to increased severity of Zika in babies. Conversely, previous Zika infection in mouse mothers may increase severity of Dengue in their pups. The research suggests a unique mechanism by which flaviviruses can cross the placental barrier.
A study by Boston Children's Hospital found that low-carb diets increase the number of calories burned, providing a new approach to treating obesity. The study, which controlled participants' diet for 20 weeks, showed significant differences in calorie expenditure between high- and low-carbohydrate diets.
A new framework, EnfPire, is proposed to preserve users' privacy when using photo-based information services. The framework successfully abstracts location information and returns a set of candidates to the user, who compares them with the original feature using a simple recognizer.
A study by Stanford University researchers found that surgery remains the best treatment option for appendicitis, despite being more expensive upfront. Patients treated with antibiotics alone had higher rates of hospital readmissions and abdominal abscesses, highlighting the risks of this alternative approach.
A new study published in BMJ Open found that healthcare professionals in accountable care organizations have a positive sentiment towards patient engagement and activation, but struggle with understanding and implementing these approaches. The researchers highlight the need for improved training and support to overcome barriers and ach...
Researchers will investigate the GI lymphatic system's impact on diabetes reversal after bariatric surgery. The five-year grant aims to shed light on the mechanism involved in reversing diabetes through disruption of lymphatic circulation in an animal model.
Researchers developed a remote gaming interface that allowed external experts and citizen scientists to optimize a quantum gas experiment in real-time. The team found that collective search behavior of humans balances innovative attempts and refines existing solutions, making human problem-solving unique.
Researchers from Ruhr-University Bochum developed a system combining gas diffusion electrode technology with the enzyme hydrogenase to achieve significantly higher current densities. The resulting biofuel cell achieved a power density of up to 3.6 milliwatts per square centimeter and an open circuit voltage of 1.13 volts.
A longitudinal study of 1,091 Scottish adults aged 70-79 found that decreased abstract reasoning ability was linked to worsening depressive symptoms over time. Lower cognitive function at each assessment was associated with subsequent increases in depressive symptoms, suggesting a potential causal relationship.
Researchers from ITMO University and the Australian National University have discovered a new physics of high-Q resonances in asymmetric metasurfaces, governed by bound states in the continuum. This breakthrough enables the creation of thin, highly efficient sensors, lasers, and nonlinear radiation sources.
Researchers found that SGLT2 inhibitors are associated with a two-fold increased risk of lower limb amputation and diabetic ketoacidosis compared to GLP1 receptor agonists. However, the use of these drugs was not linked to other serious adverse events.
Researchers have developed a wireless system that leverages RFID tags on billions of products to sense potential food contamination. The system, called RFIQ, includes a reader that detects minute changes in wireless signals emitted from RFID tags when they interact with food.
A new study found a clear negative correlation between climate factors and alcohol consumption, with colder regions and areas with less sunlight experiencing higher drinking rates. Climate is also tied to binge drinking and the prevalence of alcoholic liver disease, which claims many lives in patients with prolonged excessive alcohol use.
Researchers found that people with migraines who experience visual disturbances are at a higher risk of developing atrial fibrillation. The condition increases the risk of stroke and blood clots, highlighting the need for further research on screening and management strategies.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports found that heavy rainfall in the Atacama Desert wiped out most microbe species, contradicting expectations of floral blooms. The research has implications for our understanding of microbial life on Mars and suggests that sudden water exposure can be lethal to microorganisms.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center report high response rates of 90% among frontline-treated patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN). The study, led by Naveen Pemmaraju, presents a novel targeted therapy targeting CD-123, a cell surface receptor expressed in BPDCN and other hematologic malignancies.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a new method to measure water-use efficiency in corn, which could make breeding more efficient. The method uses leaf samples and measures the ratio of heavy to light carbon isotopes to determine water status.
A South American tribe living in near-total isolation shows no increase in average blood pressure from age one to age 60, contrasting with a nearby tribe exposed to Western dietary influences. The findings support the idea that exposure to Western diet and lifestyle may contribute to age-related blood pressure rise.
Researchers have identified a large impact crater beneath Hiawatha Glacier in northwest Greenland, measuring 31 kilometers wide and featuring three distinct ice layers. The discovery suggests that the impactor could have been more than a kilometer wide, leading to significant environmental consequences.
Researchers have identified a compound, ancistrolikokine E3, from the twigs of the Ancistrocladus likoko vine that kills pancreatic cancer cells when nutrients are scarce. The compound inhibits the Akt/mTOR pathway, which is responsible for the aggressive proliferation of these cancer cells.
Scientists use venom shapes to identify distinct branches in the scorpion family tree, supporting a new evolutionary relationship. The study reveals that venom shape carries information about its function and has remained relatively unchanged over 300 million years.
Researchers identified early career publications as a contributor to the racial gap in NIH funding, suggesting that mentoring interventions can help convert grant funding into competitive publication records. The study found that black or African-American scientists reported fewer papers and citations compared to their white counterparts.
Astronomers have discovered a planet, known as Barnard's star b, which orbits around its host star every 233 days. The 'super-Earth' is estimated to be a frozen world with surface temperatures of -170 degrees Celsius, but could potentially become more hospitable if it has a substantial atmosphere.
A survey reveals that music is a widely used sleep aid, with 62% of respondents employing it to enhance their sleep experiences. The study found multiple pathways through which music helps, including auditory masking and mental distraction, offering new insights into the complex motivations driving people to use music as a sleep aid.
The 2019 International Brain Stimulation Award recognizes Mark Hallett's pioneering work in developing transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and advancing the field of neuromodulation. His research has led to new treatments for neurological and psychiatric conditions, including depression and OCD.
Researchers have developed a blood test that can detect and classify cancer at its earliest stages by analyzing epigenetic alterations. The approach holds promise of detecting cancer long before symptoms appear, making it easier to treat.
Researchers studied two remote communities in the Venezuelan rainforest, one heavily Westernized and one less so, to investigate the relationship between age and blood pressure. The results suggest that the rise in blood pressure with age may be a consequence of Western lifestyle influences.
The National Institutes of Health has awarded Professor Hillard Kaplan's project a total of $6.9 million to study the prevalence and causes of Alzheimer's disease among the Tsimane people in Bolivia. The research will explore the relationship between lifestyle, diet, and exercise on dementia risk in two Native American populations.
A water T2 biomarker discovered by Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso researcher David P. Cistola can detect individuals at risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, allowing for potential disease prevention through lifestyle modifications or therapies.
A balanced pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine signature is associated with lower clinical malaria risk between ages 3-4. Early parasite exposure does not affect the risk, but may impact long-term immunity.
A narrative inquiry study found that victims of urban gun violence experience everyday violence as a common occurrence, leading to feelings of hopelessness and powerlessness. The study identified four themes: prevailing nature of everyday violence, feeling abandoned by societal institutions, living in a context of reactive violence, an...
A phase I trial of a new drug combination using nivolumab and pixatimod has reported clinical benefit in four out of five patients with microsatellite stable colorectal cancer. The combination is thought to overcome intrinsic resistance to PD-1 inhibitors in MSS CRC, suggesting potential benefits for this patient population.
New research by UC Santa Barbara scientists reveals that the world's supply of fresh water may be more limited than previously thought. The study finds that drilling increasingly deeper wells risks pumping saline water in some regions, highlighting the need to protect deep fresh groundwater.
Researchers warn that current research models and regulation are blocking human-focused approaches to drug discovery. The UK has world-leading research in this area, but significant investment is taking place in the US and Europe.
A new study found that social media users who view alcohol ads are more likely to 'Like' or 'Share' an ad when it has pro-drinking comments. The researchers suggest that the industry needs to improve its self-regulatory system to limit or ban comments on social media advertising.
A new study reveals that bias-based bullying causes greater harm to students, especially when they are targeted due to multiple identities. The research found that protective factors have varying effectiveness across different types of bullying.
Scientists have assembled a comprehensive map of Aedes aegypti mosquito DNA using long-read sequencing technology, providing a much more complete and accurate picture of gene elements. The new genome has already revealed critical clues into how the insects sense chemical cues and has identified 49 new genes involved in immune responses.
A new study suggests that previous applications of phosphorus fertilizers increase their effectiveness, allowing for more judicious use. This can help farmers save money and reduce environmental pollution by using only as much phosphorus as required.
Research found that measuring very preterm and full-term babies' head circumference from an early age can identify potential neurocognitive risks later in life. Head growth is a proxy measure of brain volume growth, and slow head growth was linked to lower intelligence scores.