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Science News Archive October 2018 - Page 5


Page 5 of 47

University of Miami Miller School of Medicine -- managing common ankle fractures

The article discusses the challenges in managing common ankle fractures, particularly those above and below the level of the syndesmosis. Researchers recommend assessing medial clear space on radiographs and patient pain ratings to guide management. They also emphasize the importance of dynamic imaging with stress radiographs to detect...

SourceUniversity of Miami Miller School of Medicine·JournalJournal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons·DateOct 30, 2018

Distilling a solution for fracking wastewater

Researchers at University of Pittsburgh's Swanson School of Engineering have developed a new method to treat hydrofracturing wastewater by leveraging waste heat from drilling sites. The membrane distillation technology reduces the need for fresh water and produces high-quality water suitable for agriculture, industry, and other uses.

SourceUniversity of Pittsburgh·DateOct 30, 2018
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Are we immune to the CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing scissors?

Researchers have found that CRISPR-Cas9 generates a strong immune response in humans, with T cells reacting to the Cas9 protein in almost all healthy subjects. However, the study also highlights the need for new solutions to prevent dangerous immune reactions, particularly for genetic diseases requiring in vivo modifications.

SourceCharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin·JournalNature Medicine·DateOct 30, 2018

The 10-foot-tall microscopes helping combat world's worst diseases

Scientists at the University of Leeds have used powerful microscopy techniques to reveal the structure of amyloid proteins, a build-up of abnormal proteins that causes disease. The research has provided significant insights into how these proteins form aggregates and contribute to disease, paving the way for potential treatments.

SourceUniversity of Leeds·JournalNature Communications·DateOct 30, 2018

A 31-year global diurnal sea surface temperature dataset

A new ocean mixed layer model reproduces a more realistic sea surface temperature (SST) diurnal cycle than existing models. The 31-year global diurnal sea surface temperature dataset reveals significant seasonal and interannual variations of SST, with potential implications for ENSO prediction.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAdvances in Atmospheric Sciences·DateOct 30, 2018
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

The science of studying the effects of extraordinary beliefs on consumer behavior

The study explores the implications of applying utilitarian, deontological, and virtue ethical standards to superstition in the marketplace. It highlights the need for researchers to clearly state the rationality of consumers' behaviors and assess their irrationality to promote consumer well-being.

SourceUniversity of Chicago Press Journals·JournalJournal of the Association for Consumer Research·DateOct 30, 2018

Research sheds light on conspiracy theory elements

Conspiracy theorists on Reddit discuss recurring elements such as Big Pharma, US elections, and government corruption. The study found that narrative-motifs expose commonalities between multiple conspiracy theories, even when referring to different events or circumstances.

SourceVirginia Tech·DateOct 30, 2018
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

A solar cell that does double duty for renewable energy

Researchers developed a hybrid photoelectrochemical and voltaic (HPEV) cell that turns sunlight into both hydrogen fuel and electricity, overcoming the limitations of current materials. The device achieves a combined efficiency of 20.2%, three times better than conventional solar hydrogen cells.

SourceDOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory·JournalNature Materials·DateOct 29, 2018

Smell and behavior: The scents of taking action

A study published in PLOS Biology reveals a new neural circuitry linking olfaction to locomotion in lampreys, a parasitic fish that has decimated large populations of fish. The discovery demonstrates how smell can activate locomotor centers via two distinct brain pathways.

SourceUniversity of Montreal·JournalPLOS Biology·DateOct 29, 2018

Scientists from the California Academy of Sciences describe 17 new species of sea slugs

The California Academy of Sciences has described 17 new species of sea slugs, shedding light on the evolution of color patterns and their significance in coral reefs. The discovery highlights the importance of nudibranchs as indicators of ocean health and reveals diverse ecosystems across the Indo-Pacific region.

SourceCalifornia Academy of Sciences·JournalZoological Journal of the Linnean Society·DateOct 29, 2018

Astronomers witness slow death of nearby galaxy

Researchers observed a powerful outflow of hydrogen gas from the Small Magellanic Cloud, a tiny dwarf galaxy. The discovery provides the first clear observational measurement of mass lost from a dwarf galaxy, shedding light on its slow death and potential impact on the surrounding Milky Way galaxy.

SourceAustralian National University·JournalNature Astronomy·DateOct 29, 2018

Income mobility and life expectancy inequality

Researchers found that ignoring income mobility exaggerates life expectancy inequality, leading to a half-life reduction in the difference between income percentiles. The study suggests that accounting for mobility provides a more accurate measure of inequality.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 29, 2018
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Mass shootings trigger blood donations

The article highlights the impact of mass shootings on blood donation rates and transfusion needs. A report by Vanderbilt University Medical Center shows that mass shootings can lead to a significant increase in blood component transfusions, with some hospitals requiring up to 2.7 units per admission.

SourceVanderbilt University Medical Center·JournalJournal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery·DateOct 29, 2018

The long-term effects of alcohol demand on retail alcohol markets

This study examined the impact of neighborhood characteristics on the growth of alcohol outlets from 2000 to 2013 in 53 California cities. It found that lower-income areas with larger populations and higher incomes experienced greater growth in bars, restaurants, and liquor stores.

SourcePacific Institute for Research and Evaluation·JournalSpatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology·DateOct 29, 2018
GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter

GQ GMC-500Plus Geiger Counter logs beta, gamma, and X-ray levels for environmental monitoring, training labs, and safety demonstrations.

Interventions to delay and prevent type 2 diabetes are underused, researchers say

Lifestyle interventions, medication, and surgery can effectively delay or prevent type 2 diabetes in the majority of patients, but limited access to these treatments is a major issue. Evidence-based interventions show that weight loss through lifestyle changes or metabolic surgery can reduce the risk of diabetes by up to 78%.

SourceAmerican Osteopathic Association·JournalThe Journal of the American Osteopathic Association·DateOct 29, 2018

Lifetime peer influences, and parenting, predict adult coercive relationships

Researchers found that adolescent deviancy training, such as crude talk among friends, signals a pathway to antisocial behaviors and unhealthy adult relationships. Adults who exhibited more deviancy training at age 16-17 were more likely to display coercive behavior in their relationship at age 28-30.

SourceArizona State University·JournalDevelopmental Psychology·DateOct 29, 2018
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

Perception of minorities' environmental concerns

A representative survey of over 1,200 US adults found that racial minorities and low-income Americans report higher levels of environmental concern than other groups. Stereotypes may hinder efforts to address environmental inequities and increase public involvement in environmental action.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 29, 2018

Astrocytes regulate signal speeds of neurons

A NIH study found that astrocytes alter neuron signal speed by changing myelin thickness and node width, impairing reflexes. The researchers propose thrombin inhibitors as a potential treatment for multiple sclerosis.

SourceNIH/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 29, 2018
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

Gastric bypass surgery associated with greater weight loss in adults

Adults with severe obesity experienced greater initial and sustained weight loss with gastric bypass surgery compared to sleeve gastrectomy or adjustable gastric banding. The study, involving over 46,000 patients, found that gastric bypass led to a 19-pound weight loss difference at 5 years.

SourceKaiser Permanente·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·DateOct 29, 2018

Exercise may lessen fall risk for older adults with Alzheimer's

Exercise has been shown to decrease fall risk among older adults with Alzheimer's disease and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The study found that those who exercised had a lower risk of falls compared to non-exercising individuals, while also highlighting the increased risk for falls in those with depression and anxiety.

SourceAmerican Geriatrics Society·JournalJournal of the American Geriatrics Society·DateOct 29, 2018
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Beyond 1984: Narrow focus on wildfire trends underestimates future risks to water security

Historically, 4-12% of western US land burned annually, while current trends underestimate future risks. Climate-driven drying and excess vegetation have led to low wildfire rates, shifting assessment towards inevitable future fires. The authors highlight the need for more widespread effective management strategies.

SourceS.J. & Jessie E. Quinney College of Natural Resources, Utah State University·DateOct 29, 2018

AI and NMR spectroscopy determine atoms configuration in record time

Researchers developed a machine-learning program that can predict atomic responses to magnetic fields in record time, combining with NMR spectroscopy to identify complex compound structures. This breakthrough accelerates drug discovery and makes larger molecules accessible.

SourceEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne·JournalNature Communications·DateOct 29, 2018

Deforestation triggered mass extinction of endemic animal species in Haiti

A research collaboration found that Haiti has lost over 99% of its primary forests, triggering an ongoing mass extinction of reptiles, amphibians, and other species. The country is expected to lose all remaining primary forest cover in less than two decades, resulting in the disappearance of most endemic species.

SourceTemple University College of Science and Technology·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 29, 2018

Sweet discovery: New UBC study pushes back the origins of chocolate

The University of British Columbia study suggests that cacao was domesticated around 1,500 years earlier than previously thought in South America. Archaeological evidence from Ecuador shows that people were harvesting and consuming cacao 3,900 years ago.

SourceUniversity of British Columbia·JournalNature Ecology & Evolution·DateOct 29, 2018
Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm)

Apple Watch Series 11 (GPS, 46mm) tracks health metrics and safety alerts during long observing sessions, fieldwork, and remote expeditions.

Variability in methane emissions from natural gas production

A study analyzing methane emissions in a natural gas production basin revealed significant diurnal variation in emission rates. Peak emissions occurred during working hours and coincided with aircraft-based measurements, potentially explaining discrepancies between top-down and bottom-up estimates.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 29, 2018

Genome assemblies of European and North American aspens

Researchers report genome assemblies of Eurasian trembling aspen and North American quaking aspen, highlighting the influence of gene network connectivity on genetic diversity. The study suggests that genetic variation is shaped by gene expression levels and regulation in these species.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 29, 2018

Opioid-affected births to rural residents increase in rural and urban hospitals

A study found that maternal opioid use disorder diagnoses are increasing among rural residents, with over half of these cases occurring in rural hospitals. Rural women with opioid use disorder are more likely to give birth in urban teaching hospitals, highlighting the need for resources in both rural and urban settings.

SourceUniversity of Minnesota·JournalThe Journal of Rural Health·DateOct 29, 2018
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Scientists refine the search for dark matter

Researchers from Lund University have developed a more effective technique to search for dark matter in the universe. By analyzing larger amounts of data generated at CERN, they hope to find signs of new particles that could connect visible and dark matter.

SourceLund University·JournalPhysical Review Letters·DateOct 29, 2018

Genetic search reveals key to resistance in global cotton pest

Researchers identified a dominantly inherited mutation that makes cotton bollworms resistant to genetically engineered cotton. The study's findings suggest that this dominant gene is spreading rapidly and may soon threaten cotton production in China.

SourceUniversity of Arizona·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 29, 2018

Synchronized telescope dance puts limits on mysterious flashes in the sky

Astronomers have discovered that fast radio bursts, which are exceptionally bright flashes of energy coming from deep space, do not emit at low frequencies. The Murchison Widefield Array and Australian SKA Pathfinder telescopes were synchronized to observe the same point in the sky, allowing researchers to capture the same view and gai...

SourceInternational Centre for Radio Astronomy Research·JournalThe Astrophysical Journal Letters·DateOct 29, 2018
Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply

Rigol DP832 Triple-Output Bench Power Supply powers sensors, microcontrollers, and test circuits with programmable rails and stable outputs.

Dartmouth's PhasorSec protects power grids from cyberattack

PhasorSec, developed at Dartmouth's Trust Lab, uses Language-theoretic Security principles to filter out inputs that compromise the power system. The tool provides a validation filter for network data packets, addressing concerns over potential vulnerabilities in IEEE C37.118 protocol.

SourceDartmouth College·DateOct 29, 2018

Deconstructing the superfood that determines honeybee hierarchy

Scientists have discovered intricate glycan structures in royal jelly, a substance believed to influence honeybee development. These findings challenge previous assumptions and may lead to a deeper understanding of the complex interactions between glycosylated proteins and signaling pathways.

SourceAmerican Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·JournalMolecular & Cellular Proteomics·DateOct 29, 2018

A new method to quickly identify outliers in air quality monitoring data

Researchers have developed a new method to identify outliers in air quality monitoring data, which can automatically flag erroneous data and improve forecasting accuracy. The method uses probability of residuals to discriminate outliers, allowing for simultaneous evaluation of spatial and temporal consistencies.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAdvances in Atmospheric Sciences·DateOct 29, 2018

Multi-functional quantum bits for future computers

Rare earth ions exhibit potential for storing quantum states and interacting with each other, enhancing computation capacity. Researchers aim to establish scalable quantum technologies using these elements.

SourceKarlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)·DateOct 29, 2018
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Modelling a future fuelled by sustainable energy

Researchers at the University of Adelaide modelled the transition to a sustainable energy future, examining the relative productivity of fossil fuels and renewables. The study shows that fuel productivity determines the viability of renewable energy and how economies will transition from fossil fuels to sustainable sources.

SourceUniversity of Adelaide·JournalEconomic Modelling·DateOct 29, 2018

Improving climate models to account for plant behavior yields 'goodish' news

A new study from Berkeley Lab found that accounting for plant nutrient uptake at night and during non-growing seasons can weaken terrestrial ecosystem feedbacks with the atmosphere, leading to weaker greenhouse gas emissions. The study's findings imply that plants may be able to take up more carbon dioxide and soils lose less nitrous o...

SourceDOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory·JournalNature Climate Change·DateOct 29, 2018

Deforestation and mass extinction in Haiti

Researchers found Haiti's primary forest declined from 4.4% to 0.32% between 1988 and 2016, with 42 of 50 highest peaks deforested in the same period. The study predicts near-total loss by 2035, with up to 83% of species becoming extinct due to deforestation.

SourceProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateOct 29, 2018
Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter

Fluke 87V Industrial Digital Multimeter is a trusted meter for precise measurements during instrument integration, repairs, and field diagnostics.

Honeybees at risk from Zika pesticides

A new study suggests up to 13% of US beekeepers are in danger of losing their colonies due to pesticides sprayed to contain the Zika virus. The researchers calculated the percentage of colonies that could be affected by comparing data on bee densities with areas at risk from Zika.

SourceUniversity of Exeter·JournalJournal of Apicultural Research·DateOct 29, 2018

Atlantic's Hurricane Oscar's water vapor measured by NASA's Terra Satellite

The MODIS instrument aboard NASA's Terra satellite analyzed water vapor within Hurricane Oscar, providing valuable insights into the storm's potential for development and heaviest rainfall. The analysis revealed coldest cloud top temperatures as cold as -70 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating a high risk of heavy rainfall.

SourceNASA/Goddard Space Flight Center·DateOct 29, 2018

Obese mice lose a third of their fat using a natural protein

A study published in Scientific Reports found that forced expression of the natural protein FGFBP3 in obese mice reduced their fat mass by over a third. The treatment also improved obesity-related disorders such as hyperglycemia and fatty liver disease, with no side effects observed.

SourceGeorgetown University Medical Center·JournalScientific Reports·DateOct 29, 2018