A new study from the University of Leeds found that students who rarely ate breakfast on school days achieved lower GCSE grades. Students who frequently ate breakfast scored an average of nearly two grades higher than those who rarely did.
Scientists discovered that AMPA receptors continually form and disintegrate within a fraction of a second, allowing for novel mechanisms of synaptic plasticity to occur. This finding may lead to the development of new treatments for epilepsy by targeting specific subunit compositions in the brain.
Researchers found that internal waves can reduce coral bleaching by up to 88% and prevent severe heating events. This natural cooling process may offer hope for coral reefs, but its impact is uncertain due to climate change.
A recent study found that exposure to air pollutants from power plants varies significantly by race, income, and geography in the US. The researchers estimated that in 2014, approximately 16,700 premature deaths were caused by power plant emissions, with African Americans facing the highest mortality rates.
A new study reveals that male breast cancer patients require a lower recurrence score threshold for predicting mortality compared to females, highlighting distinct biology and prognostic factors between the sexes.
Mount Sinai researchers used MGNA to identify key regulators of the Parkinson's molecular network, including STMN2. The study found that reduction of STMN2 led to upregulation of genes associated with the disease and disrupted motor function control in mice.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge found that wind-driven ventilation can increase room ventilation rates by up to 40% compared to temperature-driven ventilation. The study's results suggest that designing buildings with natural ventilation principles can help reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions.
An international research team investigated how evolutionary changes in receptor proteins led to the development of sensing mechanisms that aid plant stress responses. They found that the closest living algae relatives of land plants have a complete set of genes that strongly resemble the genetic framework used by land plants.
At low concentrations, carbon monoxide has a beneficial effect by interacting with signaling proteins, suppressing inflammation and protecting tissues from oxidative stress. Researchers are exploring safe and effective delivery methods to harness its therapeutic potential for diseases such as sepsis and cancer.
A nationwide study published in Brain found that higher exposure to fine particle pollution, or PM 2.5, was associated with greater declines in memory performance and more Alzheimer's-like brain changes in older women. The researchers used data from 998 women aged 73-87 and adjusted for other factors.
A new study suggests people have been eating only oysters in months with the letter 'r' - September to April - for at least 4,000 years. Researchers analyzed snail parasites on discarded shells to determine the seasonal pattern of oyster harvesting.
A new collaborative suicide prevention programme has shown a significant reduction in deaths, from 17%, thanks to swift access to specialist care and telephone follow-ups. The SUPREMOCOL programme addresses key issues, including lack of mental health care visibility and poor communication between healthcare providers.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School have decoded how visual inputs alter the activity of compass neurons in fruit flies, maintaining an accurate sense of direction. By studying the brain's response to visual cues, the team found that R neurons inhibit compass neuron activity in a spatially specific manner.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found a peptide called PACAP links migraine pain and opioid-induced pain, offering potential new treatments for episodic migraines. The study's findings support the development of therapies targeting PACAP and its receptor.
Researchers found that inflammatory processes triggered by the NLRP3 inflammasome play a key role in emerging tau pathology, a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's. The study suggests that modulating the immune response could be a promising approach for treating these conditions.
A new study suggests that global temperatures are causing the 'eternal ice' in the Sayan Mountains to melt faster than ever, threatening the livelihoods of traditional reindeer herders. This loss of cultural heritage could have long-lasting impacts on human knowledge and adaptation.
Scientists have detected 15 different photoinitiators in human breast milk, with benzophenone being the most prevalent. The researchers estimate that breastfeeding infants ingest high amounts of these compounds, but predict a low health risk due to levels below safe thresholds.
Researchers found that air pollution from electricity generation led to about 16,000 premature deaths in the continental US, with higher exposures for black and white non-Latino Americans. Emissions from coal-fired power plants accounted for 91% of premature deaths, with significant disparities persisting across states.
A new report from IZA World of Labor finds that energy booms lead to lower unemployment and higher wages in the short term. However, the long-term picture is less clear, with some studies suggesting reduced educational attainment and neutral or negative economic prosperity.
Researchers found that the nervous system controls a worm's skin-like barrier against bacterial infections, challenging traditional views on innate defense. The discovery may have implications for human health and longevity by regulating collagen production, a key protein in maintaining tissue structure.
Researchers found that converting degraded pasture to oil palm plantations reduces stored carbon loss associated with rainforest clearing, but can lead to initial soil organic carbon loss. However, the carbon is later redistributed within the soil, resulting in long-term recovery of topsoil organic carbon.
A study found that ultrasound treatment can significantly improve hand tremors, disability, and quality of life in people with essential tremor. After three years, participants showed a 50% improvement in hand tremors, 56% reduction in disability, and 42% increase in quality of life.
Research reveals that walking changes how we perceive our environment, especially in the peripheral visual field, which enhances processing for navigation. This shift in visual preference makes sense due to the role of peripheral input in tracking movement and direction.
A study from the UConn Rudd Center found that nearly all teen engagement with food and beverage brands on social media was for unhealthy products. The study also revealed that brand engagement was highest among Black teens, Spanish-speaking Hispanic teens, and teens with lower education levels, raising public health concerns.
Researchers at KAUST have developed a novel method for quantitative phase and intensity imaging in microscopy, overcoming limitations of existing techniques. This new approach enables high-resolution images to be acquired quickly and accurately using affordable optics and common light sources.
Researchers have developed a novel, highly porous material that enables efficient hydrogen production from water using less expensive catalysts. The new electrode surpasses commercial systems in terms of activity and achieves significant reductions in iridium usage.
A study published in Brain reveals that an increase in proteinaceous synthesis is linked to the degeneration of affected neurons in Huntington's disease. This finding could lead to the development of new therapies targeting this process.
The UTA project uses a national grant to improve transportation for older adults living in assisted-living communities across the Dallas area. The team analyzes data from various sources and conducts surveys to understand mobility needs, usage of available options, and potential barriers.
A phase I/II study of the Swedish vaccine candidate ETVAX found it to be safe and broadly immunogenic, inducing impressive immune responses in young children and infants. The vaccine showed high response rates among children aged 2-5 years and infants, with some even showing enhanced immune responses when given with an adjuvant.
Tropical Storm Fung-Wong is becoming more organized and symmetrical, indicating strengthening. The storm is forecast to strengthen to 55 knots within 24 hours before weakening rapidly near Taiwan.
Scientists developed a new approach to create metal-metal composites with a 3-D interconnected structure in thin films. The heat-driven process, called thin-film solid-state interfacial dealloying (SSID), has potential applications in catalysis, energy generation and storage, and biomedical sensing.
A McMaster University study found that virtual and mixed reality inferior to traditional physical models for anatomy learning. The research showed a 70% increase in accuracy with traditional physical models compared to digital media.
Scientists discover ancient legged snake Najash, which shed light on the evolution of snakes' flexible skull. The study reveals that snakes possessed hind legs for 70 million years before losing them.
The MIT researchers developed a bot equipped with artificial intelligence that can beat human players in tricky online multiplayer games where player roles and motives are kept secret. The bot uses deductive reasoning to identify friend or foe, ensuring victory over humans in certain games.
New research from Mongolia uncovers historic tool production and wild resource use, shedding light on premodern reindeer domestication. However, the study also highlights the devastating impact of climate change on modern reindeer herders' livelihoods and cultural heritage.
A new study reveals that integrating students' experiences of social oppression into the classroom strengthens entrepreneurial and STEM skills among underrepresented groups. Community college students who participated in a five-week social entrepreneurship program reported large gains in confidence and technology readiness.
A new system converts CO2, water, and renewable energy into ethylene under neutral conditions, offering a carbon-neutral alternative to fossil fuels. The improved catalyst reduces side products and increases selectivity for ethylene production.
Impaired SHMT2 expression impacts mitochondrial respiration and cellular growth, leading to age-related disorders. The study suggests that epigenetic processes contribute to aging by altering metabolic pathways.
The experimental HIV vaccine developed by Scripps Research and IAVI successfully elicited broadly neutralizing antibodies to at least two vulnerable sites on HIV. The test results suggest that researchers are one step closer to developing an effective HIV vaccine, a major goal of medical science.
Women from Appalachia are less likely to receive breast reconstruction surgery following a mastectomy due to lack of adequate care and patient education. Researchers highlight the need for better comprehensive breast cancer care, including access to reconstructive plastic surgeons.
Northwestern University researchers create a thin, wireless system that adds a sense of touch to virtual reality experiences, enabling new applications in social interactions, prosthetics, telemedicine, and entertainment. The device transmits touch patterns through miniature vibrating actuators embedded into a soft, flexible material.
NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission provides near-real-time rain estimates for Tropical Storm Sebastien, revealing moderate rainfall rates of up to 17.0 mm/hour east of the center. The storm is expected to become an extratropical cyclone in a couple of days and be absorbed by a cold front on Friday.
Researchers found that an inflammatory immune response and altered serotonin levels contribute to severe pregnancy-related depression. The study suggests that targeting this inflammatory pathway could lead to new treatments for perinatal depression.
Typhoon Kalmaegi is moving towards the northern Philippines, causing signal warnings in Luzon provinces. The storm has maximum sustained winds of 86mph and is expected to weaken rapidly as it enters the South China Sea.
Scientists from Osaka University have discovered a molecular 'light switch' that helps control vision in response to changes in light intensity. The enzyme Cul3-Klhl18 ubiquitin ligase regulates photoreceptor cell adaptation, and its inhibition may help treat conditions like age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa.
A new UK study suggests that single motherhood is associated with lower verbal cognitive abilities in children, even after controlling for mothers' education and age at birth. Children who lived with a single mother before age 11 had lower verbal cognitive attainment than those whose parents stayed together.
Researchers discovered the most energetic gamma-ray burst ever recorded, emitting 1 tera-electron-volt of energy. This breakthrough confirms theoretical predictions and opens new avenues for understanding these powerful cosmic events.
The humidity digester, developed by Singapore researchers, can absorb more than four times its weight of water from humid air. It reduces relative humidity by 12 percent and generates a low current under ambient light, making it a potential replacement for air conditioners.
Artyom Yurov's research suggests the Universe may have quantum properties due to decoherence theory. The phenomenon states objects exist in multiple places until interacting with their environment, causing 'collapse'. This theory challenges traditional understanding of large-scale quantum effects.
A systematic review found that levels of agreement were low to moderate, highlighting the need for better experimental controls and more thorough reporting of outcomes in TCM research. New statistical approaches may also be suited to analyze Traditional Chinese Medical patterns.
A trial suggests that inducing labor at 41 weeks in low-risk pregnancies is associated with a lower risk of newborn death compared to expectant management. The researchers found no difference in adverse perinatal outcomes between the groups, but estimated that inducing labor could prevent one stillbirth for every 230 women induced.
A recent study by the Glioma Longitudinal Analysis (GLASS) Consortium discovered highly variable and patient-specific genomic alterations in diffuse gliomas over time. The research team characterized initial and recurrence samples from 222 patients, revealing that gliomas do not evolve consistently under cancer therapies.
The study reveals how bacteria's V1 motor converts chemical energy into mechanical rotation, similar to a well pump. Understanding this mechanism may lead to the development of highly efficient, man-made motors for implantable batteries or artificial electric eels.
A new energy harvester captures biomechanical energy from walking and converts it to electricity, powering wearable electronics without increasing the wearer's burden. The device generates an average power of 1.6 mW, weighing only 307 grams.
The Journal of Dental Research Centennial article 'The Evolution of Neuroscience as a Research Field Relevant to Dentistry' highlights novel insights gained through neuroscience research into pain, sensorimotor disorders and neural pathways. The study reveals the clinical relevance of these findings for diagnosis and management of diso...
Researchers identified genetic factors and parasite numbers that predict treatment success in cutaneous leishmaniasis. A small difference in parasite numbers makes a big difference in patient response.
The MAGIC telescopes detected the first-ever TeV photons from a gamma-ray burst, providing critical new insights into the physical processes at work in these cosmic events. The discovery sheds light on the mysteries surrounding gamma-ray bursts and their energetic emissions.
The study reveals the location of the most energetic outburst ever seen, sitting in a dense environment within a bright galaxy 5 billion light years away. The high-energy radiation was produced by a collapsing star at nearly the speed of light, creating a shock that triggered the gamma-ray burst.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have developed a system called Video Event Reconstruction and Analysis (VERA) that can accurately locate a shooter based on video recordings from as few as three smartphones. VERA uses machine learning techniques to synchronize video feeds and calculate the position of each camera, with audio p...
A study published in Nature Communications found that while climate change increases iceberg production, it doesn't necessarily lead to increased iron input into the oceans. Ice samples from around the world revealed varying levels of iron content, with some ice containing up to a million times more iron than others.