KinaRx LLC, a Purdue University-affiliated startup, has received a $2 million SBIR grant to develop novel kinase inhibitors for treating relapse in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and other diseases. The company's platform aims to rapidly create complex drug molecules using bioinformatics and multi-component compound synthesis.
A risk-tailored approach can guide Canada's COVID-19 response by accounting for population-level risks. This approach would require granular data and address social and health inequities.
Researchers at the University of Strathclyde have developed new methods for detecting fingermarks on Scottish banks' new polymer notes, which are not effective with traditional cotton banknote techniques. The most effective process involves superglue fuming and infrared light.
A new immunotherapeutic agent has been shown to significantly improve treatment outcomes for children and adolescents with advanced non-Hodgkin lymphoma, particularly Burkitt lymphoma. The agent, rituximab, in combination with chemotherapy, has a cure rate of over 95% and reduces the risk of disease progression by up to 70%.
Scientists at UTokyo-IIS developed a machine learning algorithm to infer excited states from ground states of materials. The algorithm used artificial neural networks to analyze data from core-electron absorption spectroscopy, revealing new insights into chemical reactivity and material function.
A new partnering agreement will finance a multi-centre Phase 2/3 adaptive clinical trial in Colombia, Panama, and Thailand to assess the safety and immunogenicity of the BBV87 vaccine candidate. The investment aims to accelerate the development of an effective Chikungunya vaccine for equitable access.
Defective ACLP protein causes cellular stress and induces fibrosis in multiple organs, including lungs, livers, and adipose tissues. The study identifies a novel variant of EDS-causing mutations and reveals the protein's role in maintaining connective tissue integrity.
A wearable biosensor, VitalScout, accurately monitors heart rate and respiration rate to calculate stress levels. The sensor's metrics correlate strongly with breathing analyses, offering a useful tool for healthcare professionals to manage stress.
Researchers at University of Illinois and Colorado State University developed a new 3D imaging technique called harmonic optical tomography, which uses holographic information to generate microscopic images of tissues. The technique has potential applications in medical diagnostics, finding cracks in oil wells and airplane wings.
A study found that an inflammatory syndrome linked to COVID-19 is more common among children of African ancestry, with notable gastrointestinal symptoms and heart inflammation. The researchers urge doctors to be vigilant, particularly in countries with a high proportion of African children.
Astronomers have measured the Fermi Bubbles, two enormous outflows of high-energy gas emanating from the Milky Way, using the Wisconsin H-Alpha Mapper telescope. The findings refine our understanding of these mysterious blobs and provide new opportunities to study the galaxy's central region.
The review found that low-dose aspirin significantly lowers cardiovascular disease risk by 17% and increases the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and intracranial bleeding. The benefits should be weighted against the risks in formal decision analyses to guide aspirin use.
A new analysis predicts a sharp rise in alcohol-related liver disease in the US, with over 1 million deaths projected by 2040. Reducing high-risk drinking rates could prevent 299,000 deaths compared to the status quo scenario.
Researchers at Cornell University have identified a protein called TiPARP that acts as a terminator for several cancer-causing transcription factors, including HIF-1. This discovery establishes TiPARP as a potential tumor suppressor and offers new insights into the mechanisms of cancer growth.
Researchers from Monash University and CSIRO have developed a magnetized Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) nanocomposite that captures carbon dioxide with remarkable speed and low energy cost. This technology is 45% more efficient than commercially deployed materials, making it a promising solution for emissions reduction and renewable e...
Researchers found that water rises up to 9 inches in the capillary fringe, controlling important functions like contaminant breakdown and carbon storage. The team also discovered that microbes behave differently depending on oxygen levels, requiring ideal conditions for decomposition.
Researchers are developing deep learning methods to dramatically reduce design computation time for complex energy systems. The project aims to execute design studies at near-interactive speeds, improving aerodynamic performance and efficiency in aircraft wings and other applications.
An international team of researchers has discovered that ancient carbon stored beneath thick continental crust is released as CO2 during break-up. The study, published in Nature, sheds light on the source of high CO2 fluxes in rift zones.
Researchers found that mixtures of H2, HD, and D2 behaved as an isotopic molecular alloy and exhibited symmetry-breaking phase transitions at higher pressures than expected. The discovery was attributed to quantum trapping of high-kinetic energy states by exchange interaction.
A University of Cincinnati cardiologist is conducting an observational study to understand why some patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have better outcomes than others. The researcher aims to identify biomarkers that predict short- and long-term clinical outcomes and find ways to reduce bleeding risks.
Researchers at Shinshu University developed a new photocatalyst design that enables efficient solar hydrogen production, with the ability to achieve near-perfect quantum efficiency. This breakthrough has significant implications for scalable and economically viable hydrogen production.
Researchers have developed synthetic red blood cells that exhibit all the properties of natural ones, including flexibility and oxygen transport. These artificial cells can carry therapeutic cargoes, such as anticancer drugs or toxin sensors, and demonstrate potential in medical applications like cancer therapy and toxin biosensing.
Researchers discovered that memory recall processes in older adults resemble those in younger populations, but for those who struggle to remember, brain activity patterns are diminished. Stronger hippocampal activity and replay in the cortex were linked to better memory performance, regardless of age.
Researchers find air pollution can alter social behaviors in mice, causing inflammation that damages healthy tissues. Chronic exposure to particulate matter is also associated with boosted production of amyloid plaques, a key feature of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found asymptomatic persons account for approximately 40-45% of SARS-CoV-2 infections, emphasizing the need for symptomless testing. The pandemic has highlighted a shortage of infectious disease (ID) experts in the US, with nearly two-thirds of Americans living in counties with below-average ID physician access.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science improve light-driven water-splitting to produce hydrogen by etching the reaction catalyst with plasma jets in solution. This technique enhances the properties of BiVO4 nanocrystals, resulting in better catalytic performance and improved water splitting.
A monoclonal antibody targeting mutant huntingtin protein effectively binds and depletes the protein from cell culture supernatants, blocking its secretion and uptake. This suggests that mAB C6-17 could interfere with pathological processes of mutant huntingtin spreading in vivo.
The new app, called neureka, uses brain games and self-reflection challenges to collect data on mental health and dementia research. It aims to identify modifiable risk factors for disorders of the mind and capture complex datasets to develop individualized understanding of brain health.
Research suggests that COVID-19 lockdowns have a detrimental impact on the diet, sleep, and physical activity habits of children with obesity. Compared to pre-pandemic behaviors, these children consumed more junk food, watched more TV, and slept an extra half hour per day.
A randomized clinical trial found that hydroxychloroquine had no effect on preventing COVID-19 in healthy individuals after exposure. The trial tested 821 participants and showed a slight increase in infection rates among those taking the medication.
Researchers at Lund University have identified CXCR4 as essential for the survival of leukemia stem cells, which can be controlled by cutting off the gene using CRISPR technology. This discovery reveals a fundamental difference in how leukemia stem cells and normal blood stem cells are regulated.
Research found that emotional eaters experience a stronger appetite response when experiencing negative emotions, while restrictive eaters show no significant change. The study suggests potential strategies for treating eating disorders by focusing on emotion regulation.
Researchers found a link between gram-negative bacteria and cerebral cavernous malformations, which can cause hemorrhagic strokes, seizures, or headaches. The study showed that gut bacteria from CA patients produced more lipopolysaccharide molecules, driving CA formation in mice.
New research evaluates how US wind plant performance changes with age, finding that older plants experience relatively low levels of decline in peak performance compared to European fleets. Fungi food choices study reveals enzymes used for breaking down plant cell walls can be mass-produced and used in industrial processes.
A team of experts has conducted a review study on the impact of land-use changes, such as deforestation and urbanization, on the behavior of animals and the risk of disease transmission to humans. The study reveals that there are significant gaps in understanding how these factors affect the spread of diseases from mammals to humans.
Researchers at Texas A&M University designed a microdevice that mimics tortuous blood vessels to detect and monitor blood clots in pediatric patients. The device, developed by Dr. Abhishek Jain's team, provides quick, reliable, and low-cost results within 10-15 minutes.
Researchers found high gene flow among herds with shared translocation sources, and distinct population clusters aligning with current management units. Despite historical losses and translocations, bighorn sheep maintained a unique genetic structure in Wyoming.
A case series describes immunologic features of mild and moderate COVID-19 in pediatric patients, highlighting distinct clinical characteristics. The study found that hospitalized children with COVID-19 exhibit unique immune responses, which may inform treatment strategies.
A recent study by the University of Texas at Austin found that patients with chronic disease who used patient portals were less likely to be hospitalized, need emergency care or be readmitted. These users also had shorter hospital stays, resulting in significant cost savings for hospitals.
A new study reveals how 'continuous reaction networks' can produce RNA precursors and possibly ultimately RNA itself, a critical bridge to life. The experiments exposed simple molecules to high-energy radiation and evaporation, returning compounds that may have been important for the origins of life.
A new study found that the rainy season in Northern Central Asia will shift from May-July to March-May by the end of the 21st century. This change is attributed to increased precipitation, with a projected 14.41% rise under the highest emission scenario.
Research reveals that positive anticipation leads to impatience, while negative anticipation elicits dread, influencing task prioritization. The study's findings have practical applications for personal finance and long-term planning.
A recent special issue of Economic Development Quarterly examines the impact of local and state financial incentives on business location decisions. Research suggests that simply expanding incentives may not be effective in creating jobs, while some types of incentives work better for specific industries in certain local economies.
The University of Maryland School of Medicine's Center for International Health, Education and Biosecurity (Ciheb) received $4 million from the CDC to support COVID-19 response activities in four countries. In Nigeria, a population-based study will estimate COVID-19 prevalence and inform local response efforts.
Researchers found that genetic risk scores can identify at-risk patients who are not presently identified through standard clinical evaluations. The study, published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, found that individuals with high PRS were more likely to develop coronary artery disease and should be recommended fo...
Researchers from Cardiff University have identified specific conditions along the ocean floor where tectonic plates creep past each other instead of generating catastrophic earthquakes. This discovery could help scientists better understand stress at fault lines and improve earthquake forecasting.
Scientists have captured new images of Phobos using NASA's 2001 Mars Odyssey orbiter, providing insight into the moon's surface temperature variations and composition. The images suggest a relatively uniform surface made of fine-grained materials, mostly basaltic in origin.
Researchers successfully decoded ancient DNA extracted from the animal skins on which the Dead Sea Scrolls were written, discerning important historical connections. The study sheds new light on the Dead Sea Scrolls, providing a rare glimpse into the world of Second Temple Judaism.
A new study found that antibiotic-destroying genes are widespread in bacteria in soil and on people, threatening public health. A chemical compound has been developed to shield tetracyclines from destruction, restoring their effectiveness against resistant bacteria.
The study analyzed data from 2,158 patients who received favipiravir for COVID-19 and found correlations between treatment and improved clinical outcomes. The observational study aims to provide insights into the effectiveness of favipiravir in treating hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
Researchers have discovered a possible physical trace of short-term memory, known as an engram, in the brain's synapses. The study found that vesicles containing neurotransmitters are stored at the pre-synaptic terminal after a granule cell fires, inducing plasticity and strengthening communication between neurons.
The new guidelines provide a standardized protocol for imaging distal radius and tibia sites, as well as recommendations on reporting results. The guidelines aim to facilitate the comparison of results across studies by minimizing technical variation in scan acquisition and analysis.
A group of American College of Physicians (ACP) leaders suggest using the organization's 'New Vision' policy paper to guide U.S. health care reform during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper aims to improve access to care, reduce per capita health care costs, and simplify the healthcare system.
The journal's editorial board selected three papers for best paper awards, showcasing innovative work in interdisciplinary applications, theoretical innovation, and photo-optical instrumentation design. The honorees include a paper on deep-learning-based object detection for monitoring underwater ecosystems and marine debris.
Researchers identified a gene responsible for eye loss in cavefish, revealing its connection to a human vascular disease. The gene, cystathionine beta-synthase 'a' (cbsa), prevents blood flow to developing eyes, leading to withered eyes in blind fish.
A joint research team has identified dopamine D2 receptors in cholinergic interneurons as a key factor in susceptibility to cocaine addiction. The study found that DRD2 overexpression and reduced cell activation in ChINs contribute to the development of cocaine addiction.
Researchers found that rats used an unexpected strategy of adapting their behavior based on previous trial outcomes, rather than relying on a fixed optimal rule. This strategy allowed them to quickly adjust to changing environments and learn from mistakes.
Researchers found that terahertz radiation can disrupt protein filaments in both aqueous solutions and living cells, but does not kill the cells. This discovery has implications for potential applications in cancer treatment, as well as safety concerns.
A study found that great gray owl populations in California and Oregon have lower genetic diversity due to range discontinuity, leaving them susceptible to diseases and environmental stressors. The researchers propose that conservation efforts may be necessary to protect these vulnerable populations.
Scientists develop a general technique for identifying pivotal components, which can tip the scales in group decision-making. The approach is applied to various systems, including voting, Twitter and financial markets.