A new intervention program developed by Boston College researchers in partnership with Bhutanese and Somali communities reports high rates of satisfaction and engagement from refugee families. The study found improved child mental health and family functioning outcomes, including reduced traumatic stress reactions and depression symptoms.
The study, conducted at FiraTàrrega market in Tàrrega, Spain, found that women are more likely to cooperate and have a better understanding of their partner's intentions. Men, on the other hand, tend to be more impulsive and less cooperative when interacting with someone of the same gender.
Angela Wandinger-Ness, a distinguished pathologist, has been honored with the AAAS Lifetime Mentor Award for her dedication to increasing diversity in STEM fields. Through her research and mentorship, she has mentored approximately 270 scientists from underrepresented communities.
A role-playing game called Citizenship Quest helped students build trust and empathize with immigrants from China, India, and Mexico. The exercise increased understanding among students who had little direct contact with immigrants.
An international team of astrophysicists has found evidence for 'frame-dragging', a phenomenon where the spinning of a celestial body twists space and time. The discovery confirms Einstein's theory of General Relativity and provides new insights into the behavior of white dwarfs and neutron stars.
Research reveals physical connectivity between southern Red Sea and Indian Ocean, highlighting need for regional marine conservation approach. Genetic patterns suggest clearer separation between northern and southern parts of sea.
Researchers at Rice University have developed a theoretical model explaining how RNA polymerase enzymes trigger bursts of RNA production in cells. The model suggests that DNA supercoils, like springs, are involved in the process, with RNA polymerases compressing and releasing tension to regulate protein production.
The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) has announced the 2020 International Student Conference winners, recognizing outstanding research in aerospace engineering. The top three winners are from Ohio State University, the University of Texas at San Antonio, and Georgia Institute of Technology.
Researchers at KAIST discovered a computational and neural mechanism for human meta reinforcement learning, enabling the porting of key human intelligence elements into AI algorithms. The study highlights how humans adapt to complexity and uncertainty in decision-making.
A new study found that low-intensity exercise activates brain networks involved in cognitive control and attention processing, while high-intensity exercise primarily affects emotion processing. The results suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for neurological and psychiatric disorders.
A new injection technique has been developed to deliver neural precursor cells to spinal cord injuries, reducing further trauma and promoting reparative cell propagation. This method may have utility for multiple neurodegenerative conditions such as spinal traumatic injury, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis.
A study found that people who quit smoking have more genetically healthy lung cells than current smokers, with a lower risk of developing into cancer. These 'protective cells' can help protect against lung cancer and may even allow new, healthy cells to actively replenish the lining of airways.
A severely infected patient revealed a rare genetic variation in immune deficiency, linked to CMV control. Researchers sequenced the man's genes and found a mutation in NOS2, a critical component of macrophages that kill microbes.
The UTokyo team revealed a protein called Zucchini processes piRNA from an immature form into a functional form, while another protein called Trimmer matures the intermediate piRNA. The researchers discovered that the signal for cutting RNA strands is more complex than previously thought.
A recent study found that leading smart device conversational agents, such as Siri and Alexa, are unable to provide meaningful help for quitting substances like opioids, alcohol, and tobacco. However, researchers suggest that updating these devices to promote resources like helplines could prove highly effective in addressing the natio...
Research finds that low levels of infection can cause chronic bladder dysfunction and magnify sensations felt by patients with urinary tract infections. Understanding how nerves transmit different sensations to the brain could help limit bladder dysfunction in overactive bladder patients.
A new paper in the Journal of Marketing examines the changing role and management of brands in a hyperconnected world. Brands are blurring boundaries, becoming more than just products or symbols, but ideas, persons, and places.
At-home genetic ancestry tests may decrease beliefs in racial essentialism among those with higher genetic knowledge, but increase them among those with lower genetic knowledge. The study suggests that people's understanding of genetics influences the impact of ancestry testing and polarizes test-takers' views on racial essentialism.
Research from the University of Göttingen reveals that graphene's electrical resistance varies considerably depending on its proximity to the underlying crystal. At low temperatures, variations in local resistance were found to be up to 270 percent.
A Canadian observational study found strong associations between a poor work environment and care aides' self-reported rushed or missed tasks. The study highlights the need for better staffing, culture, and leadership to improve care quality in nursing homes.
Chronic exposure to interleukin-1-beta promotes lung cancer metastasis by altering gene expression, enabling cancer cells to adopt a phenotype that facilitates distance organ colonization. The study provides new insights into the role of chronic inflammation in tumor progression and metastasis.
The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign has developed a game-based virtual archaeology field school to make the archaeological experience accessible to more students. Students learn archaeological techniques, dig in virtual caves, and conduct laboratory analyses using realistic tools and simulations.
A study by the National Institute of Standards and Technology found that used cigarette butts emit toxic chemicals, including nicotine and triacetin, into the air. These emissions can persist for several days, posing health risks to people in close proximity.
Xu is being honored for her efforts to recruit women, underrepresented minorities, and first-generation college students to the fields of chemistry, biochemistry, and biomedical sciences and engineering. She has led a laboratory pursuing research at the interface of chemistry, biology, engineering, and medicine.
Engineers at Caltech and Stanford have created a microelectronic controller that enables jellyfish to swim three times faster than usual without stressing the animals. The prosthetic uses electrical impulses to regulate and speed up the pulsing motion, making the jellyfish over 1,000 times more efficient than swimming robots.
A new study from the University of Vermont suggests that ecological systems exhibit high levels of randomness, making it difficult to determine the effectiveness of management strategies. The research found that intermediate levels of management effort can lead to higher variability in outcomes.
Research found that highly stressed pregnant women experience similar brain development alterations as those with prenatal detected heart defects, regardless of their socioeconomic status. The study suggests high maternal stress and depression levels can affect fetal brain structure and function.
A new mutation in the mt-Cyb gene of a mouse model for GRACILE syndrome drastically speeds up disease progression. The discovery provides a valuable tool for studying mitochondrial diseases and their function.
Research published in PNAS reveals that brain networks 'come online' during adolescence, allowing teenagers to develop complex adult social skills. However, this process may also increase the risk of mental illness.
A study found that increased LOXL2 protein levels in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cells promote metastasis. The protein's role in regulating metastatic function remains unclear, but it interacts with vimentin, a cytoskeletal protein involved in cell migration.
The new all-optical encryption innovation uses standard optical equipment to render fiber-optic light transmission invisible, spreading the transmission across multiple colors in the optical spectrum bandwidth. This method creates multiple weaker data streams that are hidden under noise and elude detection.
Researchers found that upper-ocean stratification is increasing in about 40% of the world's oceans, which could have a negative impact on the marine food chain. The study suggests that global warming may be driving this trend.
University of Illinois researchers develop a new tire design that prioritizes puncture-free strength while maintaining elasticity for a shock-free ride. The study uses computer optimization to create unique structural patterns in the shear layer, ensuring the material can withstand pressure without failing.
The Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP) and SHRM announced Walmart and Wendy's as winners of the 2019-2020 Human Resource Management (HRM) Impact Award. The award recognizes organizations with outstanding evidence-based HR management practices, such as Walmart's Retail Associate Assessment (RAA) project and Wend...
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients respond differently to ibrutinib treatment due to individual genetic and epigenetic profiles. The study reveals a shared genetic program in CLL cells responding to ibrutinib, but with patient-specific execution, leading to varying disease progression rates.
A Rutgers University-led study using robotic kayaks found layers of concentrated meltwater in the ocean, revealing significant ambient melting rates near glaciers. This challenges current frameworks for analyzing ocean-glacier interactions and has implications for sea-level rise.
A study published in The Journal of Nutrition found that most American adults consume meals of poor nutritional quality when dining out, with disparities affecting certain groups. The researchers recommend improving the nutritional quality of restaurant meals and reducing health disparities to promote healthier eating.
A new study found that highly active adults engage in a greater variety of physical activities, with walking being the most common type of exercise. The research suggests that mixing up your workouts can be beneficial for meeting exercise guidelines.
Researchers identified mutant tumor protein 53 (mtp53) and poly-ADP-Polymerase (PARP) proteins as key drivers of growth in triple negative breast cancer cells. Suppressing these proteins with combined PARP-inhibiting therapies may offer a targeted treatment for this aggressive form of the disease.
Researchers have discovered a way to modify molecules to remove toxic radioactive elements from spent nuclear fuel, making the process safer and more efficient. This breakthrough could lead to improved design of new molecules for spent fuel reprocessing, enabling better management of long-term radioactive waste.
Researchers found that genetic makeup of mice can influence transfer of antibiotic-resistant plasmids, suggesting new ways to stop resistance. The study analyzed how plasmids spread in genetically different groups of mice, leading to discovery of potential host factors triggering or reducing plasmid transfer.
Researchers analyzed genes expressed in bat cochleae to understand the origin and evolution of high-frequency hearing. They identified 34 genes involved in hearing or auditory perception with evidence for positive selection in echolocating species.
UVphotonics presents novel UV LED developments with customizable wavelengths and compact size ideal for water purification, disinfection, medical diagnostics, and more. The company's product portfolio has been expanded to include integrated driver circuits and fully packaged UVC LEDs.
Jesse Chan, a computational and applied mathematician at Rice University, has received a five-year NSF CAREER Award to develop new technologies for reliable simulations of fluid flow. The grant will support his research on developing stable numerical methods for high-fidelity simulations.
Researchers have identified 10 compounds with insecticidal activity produced by symbiotic microbes in a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, potentially leading to new natural pesticides. The substances were strongly toxic to aphids and moderately toxic to spider mites.
A Yale-NUS research team discovered a connection between the Great Barrier Reef and the Australian continental landmass via airborne microbes. This finding underscores the interconnectedness of ecosystems, necessitating holistic conservation efforts.
A new study reveals that eating activates immune cells in the gut, protecting against pathogens and preserving health. Regular mealtimes also trigger an anticipatory response to increase immunity.
A new study evaluated the quality of plastic surgery videos on YouTube, finding that most are low-quality and inaccurate. The study suggests that patients should be cautious when seeking information online and encourage plastic surgeons to produce high-quality educational content.
A new study in 50 patients found that persistent mixed chimerism can reduce the reliance on immunosuppressive drugs after a kidney transplant. The treatment achieved immune tolerance and reduced rejection episodes, allowing some patients to survive with their donated kidneys for over eight years.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine discovered that brain tumors remodel neighboring neurons to promote tumor growth and seizure activity. Two variants of the PIK3CA gene drive this process, altering synaptic gene expression and inducing hyperexcitability in surrounding neurons.
Astrocyte senescence is linked to excitotoxicity in cortical neurons involved in memory, highlighting aging as a major risk factor for neurodegeneration. The study identifies targets for drug development to slow pathology.
A magnetoencephalography study found that acute stress suppresses appetite by altering neural activity in the frontal pole, which is involved in thinking and planning. The findings suggest that expectations of future actions can interfere with appetite regulation, leading to increased sympathetic nerve activity and decreased alpha band...
A review by Boston University School of Public Health researchers calls for recognition of 'take-home' exposures as a public health hazard. The authors propose a multi-tier intervention approach to prevent chronic, low-level exposures that harm developing children.
A team of researchers from the University of Arizona and other institutions is studying the Baja California peninsula's evolution and biodiversity over time. They aim to determine how geological activity, rainfall patterns, and climate cycles have shaped the region's biodiversity and found that multiple causations are likely.
A multinational study by University of Zurich researchers found that members of disadvantaged groups are less likely to support social change when interacting with privileged groups, but more willing to work in solidarity. The study suggests that actively acknowledging structural inequalities can prevent perpetuation of group disparities.
Scientists studied the behavior of viscoelastic fluids interacting with tiny structures called cilia. They found that fluid elasticity drives patterned movement of cilia, but only under specific conditions. Future research aims to develop new biological models and understand the dynamic movements within cells.
Researchers have identified chickpea genes that offer robust non-host resistance to Alternaria blight, a devastating fungal disease affecting Brassica crops. The study reveals these genes can suppress fungal development and colonization in mustard plants, paving the way for blight-resistant crop varieties.
A study by the German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research found that flowering plants are better pollinated in urban areas than in rural regions. Bees, particularly bumblebees, played a crucial role in this process. The researchers recommend considering the needs of bees when planning green spaces in both cities and countryside.
Hokkaido University scientists have discovered the missing link in a rare hereditary disease that impairs the skin's barrier function. They found that fatty acid transporter member 4 (FATP4) plays a critical role in synthesizing acylceramides, key skin lipids that prevent water loss and protect against pathogens.
Researchers find optimal design for 3-drone facilities covering 75% of NYC area and 34% of population, with increasing costs not justified beyond this point. The study suggests drone delivery may be viable in smaller markets with price-sensitive customers under right tech capabilities and regulations.