Researchers from the University of Minnesota and Wildlife Institute of India found that large male lion coalitions consist mainly of brothers and cousins, while pairs of unrelated males also team up for better territory and mate acquisition. This study provides new insights into male cooperation among lions.
A recent study by Oregon State University researchers found that patients referred to hospice care from hospitals tend to spend less time on hospice and receive fewer pain management medications than those referred from other locations. This difference highlights the need for specialized interventions to improve patient care during tra...
Researchers at Tufts University found that bacteria in cheese can sense and respond to compounds produced by fungi, enhancing the growth of some species over others. This discovery provides a model for understanding and modifying other microbiomes, such as soil or the gastrointestinal tract.
A new study from Colorado State University found that older adults who spent more time sitting performed better on vocabulary and reasoning tasks, contrary to expectations. The study suggests that sedentary time may be meaningful for cognitive health, especially when accompanied by educational activities.
Theoretical physicists have shown how a position-dependent mass optomechanical system can slow down light in an optical cavity. This innovation enhances optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) and has significant applications in quantum information processing, optical switches, and sensing.
Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt measured the propagation of light in a hydrogen molecule, achieving a new world record in short time measurement. The scientists tracked the ejection of electrons from the molecule using a unique technique, allowing them to determine the timing of photon interactions within zeptoseconds.
The Indiana Space Grant Consortium will receive $2.8 million in funding to support student internships, fellowships, and faculty research projects through 2024. This grant aims to inspire interest in STEM disciplines and build a diverse workforce.
Researchers at Penn State have developed a gel-based 3D bioprinting method that can create complex shapes and tissues with precise cell placement. The yield stress gel allows for the self-healing of the gel structure, enabling the creation of free-form, complex shapes.
Researchers at the University of South Carolina have identified a biological trigger that promotes quicker nerve regeneration. The discovery highlights the importance of protein phosphorylation and Casein kinase 2-alpha (CK2α) in breaking down stress granules, allowing nerves to regrow faster.
A study found that 14.6% of UK patients with new opioid prescriptions became long-term users, with risk factors including age, social deprivation, and history of self-harm or substance abuse. The study calls for safer prescribing practices to avoid addiction epidemics.
A study analyzing tweets from the 2017 Hepatitis A outbreak in San Diego found parallels with current misinformation about COVID-19. The researchers suggest proactive measures, such as greater dialogue between government agencies and the public, can help counter misinformation and boost vaccination rates.
A new global assessment report finds that forests and trees can alleviate poverty, but benefits are unevenly distributed among communities. Agroforestry systems, community forest management, ecotourism, and forest producer organizations show promise in reducing poverty, while protected areas can exacerbate local income inequalities.
Researchers found a substantial increase in the percentage of adults with autism receiving Medicaid services from 2008-2012. The study showed higher prevalence among younger adults (18-24) and lower among older adults (41-64).
A Phase 1/2 randomised controlled trial found the vaccine candidate BBIBP-CorV is safe and induces an immune response in healthy volunteers. The study detected antibody responses in all recipients by day 42 after vaccination, and was well-tolerated with no severe adverse reactions reported.
Research suggests ancient parasites have co-opted mammalian hosts for evolutionary gain, influencing cognition, reproduction, immune response. Endogenous retroviruses also play a key role in placental development and the interferon response.
A five-year, $10 million research effort will focus on understanding the three-dimensional structure of cell nuclei and its effects on cellular functions. Researchers aim to develop fundamental knowledge to provide insights into developmental disorders, aging, and other cell processes.
Researchers surveyed labor nurses from 36 hospitals in three states and found that hospitals with higher rates of exclusive breastfeeding had less missed nursing care. Exclusive breastfeeding was also associated with hospitals adhering to nurse staffing guidelines during labor and immediate postpartum care.
INRS is investing $1 million in COVID-19 research to tackle treatment, detection, and rapid diagnostic tests. The program aims to promote interdisciplinarity and support audacious projects with strong potential for spin-offs.
A marmoset monkey study found a link between friendly behavior and physical domestication traits, such as a white fur patch on their forehead. The research shows that increased parental vocal responses can accelerate the development of both vocalizations and facial fur coloration in infants.
An international team of researchers analyzed medical records and identified commonly hijacked cellular pathways in three lethal coronaviruses. The study revealed treatment regimens for current and potential future viral pandemics, providing real-world implications for COVID-19 treatment.
The study found that removing dairy cows from US agriculture would decrease nutrient supplies, particularly calcium and vitamins, while having a minimal effect on greenhouse gas emissions. However, this reduction in essential nutrients could pose challenges for feeding the human population.
A new study by George Mason University found that most college students (88%) would use STI self-testing services if available, and 59% prefer private testing at Student Health Services. The study suggests increasing STI testing among students could lead to better health outcomes.
A Penn-developed machine learning tool helps sustain end-of-life care discussions with cancer patients, tripling the rate of those discussions. The study shows that clinicians engage more in conversations when prompted by an algorithm and a behavioral nudge.
The REFLECT II trial evaluated the safety and effectiveness of TriGuard 3, a self-stabilizing cerebral embolic deflection filter, in patients undergoing TAVR. The device met the primary safety endpoint, but did not demonstrate superiority for reducing ischemic stroke or larger lesions.
A team of astronomers has used the upgraded GMRT to measure atomic hydrogen content in galaxies as they were 8 billion years ago. The study reveals that the exhaustion of atomic hydrogen gas explains the decline in star formation activity over time.
A study by researchers at the University of Virginia Health System found that nearly 1 in 8 commercially insured patients received surprise bills for out-of-network expenses after undergoing elective colonoscopies. The team recommends partnering with in-network anesthesia and pathology providers to prevent these unexpected costs.
Researchers have reengineered current collectors to make batteries lighter, safer, and about 20% more efficient. The new design uses a lightweight polymer and fireproofing, reducing the risk of fires and explosions.
A recent study combining climate modeling and fossil records reveals that climate change played a major role in the extinction of past Homo species. Despite technological advancements, these ancient humans were unable to adapt to changing temperatures, leading to their demise.
A US survey found that increased local case counts of a hypothetical disease led to higher vaccination rates. Older, wealthier participants and those with conservative views were more likely to get vaccinated. The study highlights the complex relationship between perceived risk and vaccine propensity.
A study published by FSU researchers found that coral reef mats are composed of diverse microbial communities, including cyanobacteria, algae, fungi, and viruses. The discovery opens up new avenues for understanding the ecological role of these mats and how to protect reef ecosystems.
Blakesley Burkhart, a Rutgers astronomer, has been awarded a $875,000 Packard fellowship to research the formation of stars and planets. Her team aims to understand how gas and dust are converted into stars and planets using statistical methods and machine-learning algorithms.
A worldwide survey found that people with low openness and neuroticism were less likely to shelter at home when government policies were lenient. However, higher scores on other personality traits like conscientiousness and agreeableness were associated with greater likelihood of sheltering in place.
A research team at Greenwood Genetic Center successfully restored normal heart and valve development in an animal model for Mucolipidosis II using small molecules. The study used cathepsin protease inhibitors to normalize cardiac development in a zebrafish model with genetic mutations that disrupted growth factor signaling.
Researchers define two molecular subtypes of pancreatic carcinoma with distinct aggressiveness, differing in the origin and development. The study reveals a novel mechanism called viral mimicry that promotes cancer growth and metastasis.
NASA's Aqua satellite revealed strong winds and wind shear affecting Tropical Storm Nangka as it pushed inland, leading to weakening of the storm's circulation. The storm was forecast to move further inland and dissipate over mountainous terrain in northwest Vietnam and northern Laos.
New research led by UT Southwestern shows the effectiveness of a treatment for aplastic anemia and reveals the range of diagnosis and treatment options used by hospitals around the country. The studies highlight how collaborative research can improve outcomes for children with rare blood disorders, including myelodysplastic syndrome.
Researchers at the University of Michigan discovered a neural network in fruit flies that can convert external stimuli into a binary decision. The network, which involves the posterior medial core region, amplifies weak signals and suppresses strong ones to make 'yes' or 'no' decisions.
The 2020 AERA Brown Lecture features William F. Tate IV discussing the 'segregation pandemic' in education. Tate argues that an ideology of racial biology has caused a global disease, spreading segregation and its effects on society and education.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center discovered specific molecules, TAp63, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), and proteins WDR26 and NOLC1 that regulate AKT signaling pathway to promote tumor development and progression.
Researchers found that targeting the heart to increase blood flow can deliver more oxygen and nutrients to the injured spinal cord, potentially reducing damage and improving function. This new approach could lead to a change in how newly injured patients are managed, with improved chances of retaining motor function.
Haotian Wang, a researcher at Rice University, has received a $875,000 five-year grant from the David and Lucile Packard Foundation to pursue his work on converting carbon dioxide into fuels. The award supports his technology that uses renewable electricity to convert greenhouse gases into valuable chemical fuels.
Researchers aim to demonstrate ideal energy transfer in quantum systems, potentially leading to more efficient engines and quantum computers. The project uses superconducting circuits to design experiments that can be carried out within realistic quantum systems.
A new George Mason University study found that supersized alcopops are linked to higher levels of hostility and risk-taking among adults on probation who experience homelessness or gang affiliation. The research calls for better regulation of these products to reduce dangerous alcohol consumption.
A new test developed by Johns Hopkins University can accurately pinpoint and capture the deadliest cells in glioblastoma, a type of fatal brain cancer. The method's accuracy in predicting patient outcomes varies from 86% to 100%, suggesting its potential for developing targeted therapeutics.
The IDseq tool uses metagenomic analysis to identify emerging pathogens from a single sample, providing actionable reports on infectious diseases worldwide. By leveraging open-source software, researchers can rapidly detect and track disease outbreaks, aiding in pandemic prevention and global health initiatives.
The new patch uses leaves with fractal patterns to create a flexible, heat-transferable surface. This design enables rapid response times and prevents overheating, making it suitable for use in orthopedic treatments.
A team of researchers from Penn State and NYU has deconstructed the 'biological clock' that regulates birdsong, revealing delays within neuronal circuits play a critical role in timing. The study found a wide distribution of delays in the circuit, allowing for higher resolution and more precise control over complex behaviors.
Scientists at Tufts University genetically engineered cow muscle cells to produce beta carotene, a provitamin that may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. The study demonstrates the potential of cell-cultured meat products to surpass the nutritional profile of conventionally produced meat.
The Keeling Curve, a critical indicator of global warming, will continue to be monitored with $1.45 million in funding from the Schmidts. The measurements have provided key evidence that the world's oceans are becoming increasingly acidic due to human-induced carbon dioxide emissions.
The NIH has awarded a 4D Nucleome grant to Gladstone researchers Benoit Bruneau and Katie Pollard to investigate DNA folding in the developing heart. They aim to identify genetic causes of congenital heart disease, which affects one in 100 live births worldwide.
Researchers found that athletes feel isolated and excluded when injured, hiding their pain and injury due to pressure to perform. The study aims to create a sporting environment prioritizing physical health and welfare, with tailored injury management programs and athlete-centered care.
A new study found that our brains use different approaches to avoid harm to ourselves versus others. When learning to avoid harm to others, decisions are automatic and efficient, but when avoiding harm to oneself, choices become more deliberative and future-focused.
A new self-expanding bioprosthetic valve used in TAVR failed to demonstrate non-inferiority compared to an existing valve. The SCOPE II Trial found increased rates of cardiac death and moderate-severe aortic regurgitation with the new valve.
A rapid and simple method for testing the efficacy of antibacterial drugs has been developed by Penn State researchers. The technique uses dynamic laser speckle imaging coupled with machine learning to predict whether bacteria are alive or dead, allowing for accurate determination of minimum inhibitory concentration values. This could ...
Researchers discovered a distinctive supergene in fire ant colonies determining young queen behavior, leading to new pest control methods. The study also found aggressive behavior towards queens without the supergene.
Research at Indiana University Kelley School of Business found that wearing blue-light-filtering glasses can lead to better night's sleep and improved work engagement. Daily task performance and organizational citizenship behavior also increased with blue light reduction.
A new RAND Corporation report reveals that Facebook users are less apt to press the 'like' button on content when they learn it's part of a foreign propaganda campaign. Researchers found that most users in hyper-partisan news consumer groups reconsider their initial response after source is revealed, with media literacy interventions s...
During annual migration, bats selectively suppress cellular immune responses and favour non-cellular humoral immunity to conserve energy. This strategy helps them survive the strenuous journeys of up to 2,000 km.
Reelin signaling suppresses OPC proliferation both in vitro and in vivo, regulating their radial distribution in the late embryonic mouse neocortex. The regulation of Reelin function by proteolysis is crucial for normal OPC development.
A Durham University study found that e-cigarette use during pregnancy may lead to abnormal reflexes and impaired brain development in babies. The researchers recommend that mothers avoid using e-cigarettes or traditional cigarettes during pregnancy.