Closing Colorado's 'free river conditions' loophole could save millions of cubic meters of water and reduce stress in the region. The loophole allows anyone to take as much water as they want from the river, threatening the success of any payment program for farmers not irrigating their land.
A study of 8,000 community-dwelling adults reveals that loneliness in later life is strongly associated with death ideation, but engaging in social activities, particularly religious services, can protect against this. The research highlights the critical issue of social disconnection and its link to a 'wish to die' among older adults.
A new universal acceleration tool can speed up virtually any kind of simulation, from materials science to climate change research, by leveraging machine learning algorithms. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient and sustainable technologies, as well as the ability to model complex phenomena like glacial melting.
Researchers at Osaka University discovered that a protein sensitive to electrical signals plays a key role in promoting proper sperm development and maturation. The study's findings suggest that the protein, known as VSP, converts electrical signals into chemical signals necessary for sperm maturation.
Researchers have proposed a new scenario for rapid neutron capture process (r-process) nucleosynthesis in common envelope jet supernovae (CEJSNe), producing the greatest abundance of elements heavier than lanthanides. This finding suggests that CEJSNe is critical for explaining the characteristics of r-enhanced metal-poor stars.
A team of scientists developed a special light microscopy system to analyze molecular density in cellular environments. They found that crowding around chromosomes increases during cell division, leading to a rise in depletion attraction, which renders chromosomes more rigid and ensures accurate transmission.
Prescriptions for first-generation antihistamines were associated with a 22% higher seizure risk in children aged 6-24 months. The study emphasizes the need for careful prescription of these medications in young children.
A study published in PLOS Global Public Health found associations between depression and unhealthy commodities such as alcohol, tobacco, gambling, social media, ultra-processed foods, and air pollution. The review also highlighted links between these commodities and suicide, self-harm, and anxiety.
The atlas contains data for around 626,000 cells from 121 people, including individuals with and without endometriosis. Researchers found two types of immune cells and two types of stromal cells potentially involved in endometriosis, highlighting new avenues for future research.
A WVU statistician is developing new methods to analyze curve-type data for predicting extreme weather patterns, financial turmoil and pollution levels. The research aims to create innovative tools for understanding high-resolution data and addressing regional risks in mountainous states like West Virginia.
The Public Health Career Explorer assesses users' interests and provides matching public health careers with varying levels of preparation. The tool also offers job openings across the country, supporting local health departments in recruitment and retention efforts.
Researchers found that dark matter radiation could heat hydrogen gas long enough for gravity to condense it into clouds big and dense enough to turn into supermassive black holes. This process bypasses the need for stellar burning, accretion, and mergers, which typically take billions of years.
Researchers at Graz University of Technology developed two techniques to join wood with metals and polymer composites without adhesives or screws. The AddJoining technique uses 3D printing to create strong joints, while the Ultrasonic Joining method employs high-frequency vibration to melt polymer into wood pores. These methods show pr...
Researchers have made progress in understanding how genetics and lifestyle factors influence dementia risk through epigenetics. DNA methylation signatures in blood can mirror protein biomarker levels in spinal fluid samples, used for diagnosing dementia.
A study from University of Gothenburg links work-related pain to mental illness among construction workers. Managers' empathetic or neglectful attitudes are highlighted as key factors in mental health.
A study found that substituting lower-wage nursing staff for RNs leads to increased mortality rates, readmissions, and prolonged hospital stays. Hospitals experience a negative return on investment under this model.
Global ecosystems take longer than 5 months to recover from compound hot-dry events, with an average extension of over 1 month compared to dry events. This delay is more severe in drylands, where the impact of increased VPD on ecosystem recovery is pronounced.
Researchers at Macquarie University have developed a new way to produce ultraviolet light sensors using acetic acid vapour, improving performance without high-temperature processing. The study shows the sensors can be made more responsive and reliable by exposing them to vinegar vapour for around 15 minutes.
A new study from the University of Tsukuba introduces a method to measure boredom in the body during temporary stress, revealing that it may be a key driver of subjective stress. The study used Integrated Information Theory to evaluate physiological signals and found a strong correlation between boredom and stress levels.
Scientists discovered the highest natural blood sugar levels in mammals, found in a species of bats that can survive on a diet rich in sugars. The study's findings suggest that these bats have evolved unique strategies for glucose regulation, which may hold potential for managing metabolic diseases in humans.
A new vaccine created by Mizzou researchers protects cattle from bovine anaplasmosis, a devastating tick-borne disease causing hundreds of millions of dollars in economic losses. The vaccine has been proven to give immunized cattle protection for at least a month and is being discussed with industry partners for future distribution.
Young people with disabilities aged 16 to 24 have high school enrollment rates comparable to non-disabled peers, but significantly fewer hold jobs. College students with disabilities are less likely to be enrolled but slightly more likely to be employed, possibly benefiting from remote work opportunities.
Researchers at the University of British Columbia have developed an all-in-one solution to remove and destroy PFAS substances, also known as 'forever chemicals,' from water supply. The system combines an activated carbon filter with a patented catalyst that traps and breaks down harmful chemicals into harmless components.
The University of Illinois has been awarded $15 million from the NSF to establish a new iBioFoundry, which will integrate synthetic biology, laboratory automation, and artificial intelligence. This facility aims to advance protein and cellular engineering, promoting sustainable biomanufacturing processes.
A new study by NYU Langone Health found that the risk of death for kidney donors has decreased significantly since the 1990s, with fewer than one death occurring for every 10,000 donations. Donors who were male and had a history of high blood pressure were more likely to die within 90 days of surgery.
A large observational study found that sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors used to treat type 2 diabetes may prevent dementia, with a 35% reduced risk of developing the condition compared to dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. Longer treatment duration was also associated with greater benefits.
New research reveals a persistent gender gap in household decision-making, with husbands holding more control over investments and potentially exposing their wives to unwanted financial risks. The study found that this power imbalance can have significant consequences for women's financial well-being and overall security.
A study published in Journal of Anthropological Archaeology reveals that interpersonal violence was more common in Norway, with higher rates of trauma on skeletons and the presence of weaponry. In contrast, Denmark experienced more controlled violence linked to official executions.
A new study published in Scientific Reports confirms a linear relationship between blood glucose levels and voice fundamental frequency, suggesting potential for voice-based glucose monitoring. Researchers at Klick Labs used vocal biomarkers and AI to detect Type 2 diabetes with high accuracy.
A recent study from Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health found that Florida's red flag gun law was associated with an 11 percent reduction in firearm homicide rates from 2019 to 2021. The study used augmented synthetic control methods and controlled for state-level sociodemographic and economic covariates.
Researchers discovered that the blood coagulation protein fibrin causes unusual clotting and inflammation in COVID-19, suppressing the body's ability to clear the virus. A promising therapeutic strategy has been identified, targeting fibrin to combat these deleterious effects.
Researchers identified a gene module regulating walnut resistance to anthracnose, a widespread fungal disease. The JrPHL8-JrWRKY4-JrSTH2L module enhances disease defense by boosting the expression of key genes, providing new avenues for breeding resistant walnut varieties and promoting sustainable cultivation practices.
Researchers developed a novel block copolymer that can create finely detailed structures on semiconductor chips with half-pitch sizes of less than 10 nanometers. The new compound achieves 7.6 nm line width, outperforming conventional block copolymers.
A new study from King's College London found that people often hold incorrect assumptions about others with different political views. Despite seeking more information, participants were unable to accurately predict the thoughts and opinions of those in their out-group.
The article proposes a novel finite-time ESO for noncooperative target surrounding control in spacecraft formation. A new manifold is defined and an observer is used to estimate the unknown dynamics. The state equation of the proposed FTESO is obtained, which enables the controller to fulfill the surrounding mission rapidly.
Researchers from Sweden and Spain have identified an endogamous community in northern Iberia that remained relatively isolated despite centuries of turbulent regional history. The study also revealed the presence of the variola virus, which can offer a new explanation on how smallpox entered Iberia.
Researchers in China used a scenario experiment to test messaging strategies on COVID-19 vaccine uptake. The study found that emphasizing personal risk rather than personal gain or community benefits was most effective in persuading people to get vaccinated.
Researchers at RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics found multiple specialized types of DNA replication in early-stage embryos, including a period of instability prone to chromosomal copying errors. This discovery could lead to improved methods of in vitro fertilization (IVF) and better strategies for minimizing chromosomal abnormalities.
A Yale-led study reveals that an increase in PRDM1-S protein triggers a dynamic interaction of genetic and environmental factors, including high salt uptake, leading to regulatory T cell dysfunction. This finding also points to a potential universal treatment for human autoimmune diseases.
A new study by NSF NCAR reveals that detecting Kelvin waves can predict active hurricane periods weeks in advance, allowing forecasters to prepare for potential storms. The research used innovative computer modeling to analyze the connection between Kelvin waves and hurricanes.
Researchers have developed a nanodrug that targets miR-10b, a small noncoding RNA implicated in cancer cell invasion and proliferation. The study shows that inhibiting miR-10b reduces the stemness of breast cancer cells, supporting dedifferentiation as a potential therapeutic mechanism.
A recent study has discovered a sophisticated mechanism by which pathogens like Phytophthora infestans compromise plant immunity by targeting the chloroplast protein StFC-II. This manipulation disrupts the plant's ability to generate reactive oxygen species, making it more susceptible to infection.
Researchers found that large language models (LLMs) can improve systems that detect bots by outperforming state-of-the-art systems by 9%. However, LLMs can also reduce the performance of existing detectors by up to 30% when used to evade automated detection.
A multi-university research team led by University of Virginia engineering professor Gustavo K. Rohde has developed a system that can accurately spot genetic markers of autism in brain images. The system uses generative computer modeling technique called transport-based morphometry, which reveals brain structure patterns that predict v...
Researchers identified two distinct cellular communities driving Alzheimer's disease, with one community promoting cognitive decline and the other contributing to the preservation of brain function. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's, highlighting potential targets for intervention.
The Gria protocol addresses issues in existing deterministic concurrency control protocols by introducing an auto-scaling batch size, reducing conflicts in low-concurrency scenarios, and eliminating write-after-write conflicts. Experimental results show a significant performance improvement over Aria, outperforming it by 13x.
The LHAASO experiment reveals a 'bending' structure in the gamma-ray spectrum at tens of TeV, indicating the acceleration limit of cosmic rays in the W51 complex. The energy spectrum shows evidence of particle acceleration approaching PeV energies.
A new Swedish registry study found that girls with mental illness or neurodevelopmental conditions have lower HPV vaccination coverage compared to their peers. The study involved over 115,000 girls and found significant differences in vaccination rates among those with psychiatric diagnoses or receiving psychotropic medications.
Researchers found that Prunin laurate, derived from citrus and coconut biomass, inhibits bacterial growth in periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. The compound is tasteless and hypoallergenic, making it a potential inexpensive antimicrobial solution for preventing oral inflammation.
Researchers profiled transcription and chromatin dynamics during vernalization in winter wheat, revealing distinct roles of H3K27me3 and H3K36me3 in regulating key genes VRN1 and FLC. This study identifies potential vernalization-mediated flowering regulators TaFUL3 and TaTOE1.
A new study by Richard Boylan found that geographic disparities in US homicide rates have decreased since the 1970s, contradicting expectations. Economic and social inequalities between regions have grown, but violent crime rates have fallen, with possible explanations including improved policing and incarceration rates.
A new study found a strong correlation between pesticide use and fewer wild bee sightings, suggesting a direct link between pesticide exposure and bee population declines. Alternative pest control strategies, such as integrated pest management, are essential for conserving these crucial pollinators.
A new study analyzes demographic trends, patterns, and consequences of low fertility in high-income countries. Fertility decline poses economic challenges, but a strategic policy response can mitigate most adverse effects. The authors emphasize the importance of designing economies that allow individuals to freely choose their fertilit...
Roman Gaydukov developed a method to model fluid flow around rotating disks with small surface irregularities, reducing computational time and cost. The approach can accurately predict fluid flow behavior in chemical reactions and has potential applications in industry.
A simple blood test could identify individuals with type 2 diabetes who are at a higher risk of certain cancers. The study found that higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 were associated with an increased risk of obesity-related cancers.
A new five-year grant will explore the mammary gland's influence on metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes. The research aims to identify specific hormones produced by the mammary gland, known as mammokines, which may impact obesity and diabetes in mothers and offspring.
Researchers questioned the Cascadia subduction zone's earthquake record, finding that turbidite layers showed no better correlation than random chance. The study suggests a need for further research on turbidite layers and their connection to past earthquakes.
Holotomography offers a promising approach to biomedical research, providing high-resolution images of live cells and tissues at the organelle level. The KAIST research team has developed core technologies and demonstrated its applications in various fields, including regenerative medicine and cancer research.
A new study introduces a novel approach to mapping GPCR-RAMP interactions, expanding understanding of these interactions and their therapeutic potential. The technique allows researchers to parse out each RAMP's effect on every GPCR, supercharging drug development.
A research team creates an artificial kagome superlattice to manipulate Dirac bands in graphene, achieving dispersion-selective band modulation. The high-order potential allows for fine-tuned control over the band structure.