A groundbreaking study published in Science Signaling has identified protein tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B as a key driver of maladaptive cardiac metabolism and dysfunction under dietary stress. Mice lacking PTP1B in cardiomyocytes were resistant to harmful changes, highlighting the enzyme's role in heart disease progression.
Research finds women politicians face harsher judgments when deviating from party expectations or policy stances. Voters scrutinize women candidates more intensely, especially when they diverge from party views, leading to greater uncertainty and skepticism.
Researchers at Oregon State University report a remarkable case of ecological restoration in Yellowstone National Park. The reintroduction of wolves has initiated a trophic cascade that reduced elk populations and allowed aspen trees to begin recovering, with nearly 80% of the 87 surveyed stands showing signs of growth.
Researchers from RIKEN have discovered that Japanese people's responses to alcohol can be divided into three clear clusters based on genetic analysis and experiments. These clusters are associated with specific combinations of gene variations, including ALDH2 and ADH1B, which can help identify individuals at risk for alcohol-related di...
Researchers at MURR have optimized Terbium-161 for radiopharmaceutical use, enabling targeted destruction of cancer cells with high-energy electrons. The breakthrough could add extra therapeutic effectiveness to existing treatments without requiring new drug development.
Advanced membranes via precise ion-selective nanochannels slash crossover rates, cut costs, and sustain cycle life. Lab-scale cells employing SPEEK/lignin composites achieve high coulombic efficiency and energy efficiency, outperforming commercial Nafion.
Researchers developed a new method for building powerful, compact energy storage devices using thin-film supercapacitors without metal parts. The device can output 200 volts, equivalent to powering 100 LEDs for 30 seconds or a 3-watt bulb for 7 seconds.
A new study by NYU Langone Health researchers found that the shutdown of a significant fossil fuel pollution source near Pittsburgh, PA resulted in immediate improvements in respiratory health. Respiratory related emergency visits decreased by about 20% within weeks after the plant's closure.
Researchers at Peking University have discovered a key mechanism governing proton storage and transport in aqueous batteries, enabling ultra-fast charging and higher capacity. By engineering hydrogen-bond networks, they propose three strategies to optimize battery performance, advancing next-generation proton-based aqueous batteries
A recent study maps how metformin modulates metabolism and protein expression across different zones of the diabetic kidney, offering key insight into its molecular mechanisms and providing a new framework for region-targeted therapy in diabetic nephropathy.
Researchers from The University of Osaka develop a new program to calculate the spin accumulation coefficient, providing a definitive measure of the spin Hall effect and overcoming ambiguities. This advancement enables accurate predictions for real materials, accelerating the development of advanced spintronic technologies.
A study of 22 million urgent care visits found 12.4% of patients received antibiotics, 9.1% glucocorticoids, and 1.3% opioids for generally inappropriate diagnoses. The trends highlight the need for improved clinician knowledge, patient demand, and decision support.
Researchers at Pusan National University developed a new Bayesian calibration framework to optimize digital twin models of automated material handling systems. The framework improves prediction accuracy by accounting for parameter uncertainty and discrepancy, enabling effective calibration with scarce field data.
Researchers discovered that approximately 436-million-year-old brachiopods formed a non-random, checkerboard-like pattern due to their tiny setae, which allowed them to maintain optimal spacing. This study provides rare evidence of ancient communities being shaped by biological interactions.
Conventional dendritic cells have been found to originate from both myeloid and lymphoid progenitors, revealing their unique functions and developmental pathways. These lymphoid-derived cDCs exhibit potent functions in immune suppression and allergy induction, and follow diverse developmental pathways.
The lab utilizes AI to automate and accelerate nuclear license applications, reducing review times by approximately 90% compared to traditional methods. This innovation aims to improve the efficiency of the licensing process while maintaining safety standards.
The annual UK cost of PTSD is estimated to top £40 billion, with direct costs averaging £1,118 per patient and indirect costs ranging from £11,373 to £16,797. The condition's economic burden is likely higher due to unmeasured costs such as stigma and discrimination.
A study by University of Notre Dame researchers found that almost a third of reusable menstrual products contain PFAS, despite being marketed as eco-friendly. The presence of these toxic fluorinated compounds poses risks to both users and the environment when disposed of.
A study documents elite-level strength training during active breast cancer treatment, showing rare retention of squat strength despite chemotherapy. LaShae Rolle, a competitive powerlifter and breast cancer survivor, completed the first-of-its-kind study, demonstrating the feasibility of high-intensity training when carefully managed.
A recent study found that Chinese obese individuals can maintain significant weight loss even after stopping tirzepatide. The study showed an average weight loss of 8.7% to 10.6% compared to baseline, with improved cardiometabolic markers. These findings support the long-term efficacy of tirzepatide in managing obesity.
A study published in Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials found that wrinkled skin is caused by its tendency to buckle under pressure due to age-related changes in its mechanical properties. As people age, their skin becomes more prone to wrinkles as it stretches and contracts in different directions.
A new study at Baylor College of Medicine reveals that disordered regions of proteins involved in gene regulation interact with structured beta-catenin to carry out gene activation. This discovery challenges the traditional view of disorder in biology, suggesting that interactions between disordered molecules and structured proteins gi...
A team of researchers has discovered a fifth planet in the L 98-59 planetary system, confirming its habitable zone and potential for liquid water. The planets' sizes and masses have been determined with unprecedented precision using data from space telescopes and high-precision instruments.
A study published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science found that Elenagen significantly reduced chronic osteoarthritis pain scores in dogs, achieving a 90% success rate. The therapy works by reprogramming aged or dysfunctional mesenchymal stem cells, which then produce anti-inflammatory signals and restore their regenerative capacity.
Researchers created a highly textured Zn surface by introducing benzyltriethylammonium chloride (TEBAC) and selectively removing its counter-ion, achieving unprecedented stability and durability. The optimized electrolyte delivered 9000 hours of dendrite-free cycling in coin cells.
Researchers at Stanford Medicine have developed an antibody treatment that eliminates the need for toxic busulfan chemotherapy or radiation in stem cell transplants, making it possible to treat patients with Fanconi anemia and other genetic diseases. The new approach has shown exceptional outcomes, enabling patients to complete two yea...
Researchers developed a new framework to compare 15 different mitigation measures on the Gold Coast, revealing that a combination of strategies is most effective at reducing shark bites. The study found that non-lethal real-time shark alerts and traditional strategies like SMART drumlines are key to reducing risk.
Researchers have identified CDX1 and CDX2 as key molecules that counteract β-catenin and suppress stemness in colon cancer. Deletion or overexpression of these proteins increased tumor aggressiveness and expression of cancer stemness-related genes, suggesting a potential therapeutic target.
Researchers find that albumin triggers a shift in fungal behavior, causing previously non-harmful Candida strains to grow strongly and release toxic compounds.
Researchers developed a proof-of-concept device to detect HMGB1 protein in menstrual blood, showing five times more sensitivity than existing laboratory tests. The test can detect low concentrations of the biomarker, enabling early detection and intervention for endometriosis patients.
A new study from Indiana University and Notre Dame researchers finds PFAS in nearly 30% of tested reusable feminine hygiene products. The presence of these chemicals has raised concerns about safety and transparency, particularly for adolescents and young women who use these products.
Researchers at Tohoku University have uncovered key principles that could advance sustainable ammonia production by electrochemically converting nitrate waste. Pyrrolic-coordinated M-N-C catalysts achieve higher turnover frequencies for ammonia production, and the adsorption of nitrate is the rate-determining step in this reaction.
Researchers conducted the world's biggest bird survey in Colombia, recording 971 species and finding that clearing rainforest for cattle pasture causes a 60% greater biodiversity loss than previously thought. The study highlights the need for policymakers to consider the larger-scale impact of deforestation on biodiversity.
Researchers found that astrocytes maintain optimal levels of GABA to enable neural groups to process visual information efficiently. Knocking out Gat3 in mice impaired neuron coordination and reduced ensemble activity, highlighting the importance of astrocytic regulation.
A University of Kansas study found that people rate corporate crises messages written by humans as more credible and trustworthy, regardless of the approach taken. However, the approach itself didn't vary between participants who read human or AI-written content.
A new UT Arlington study explores how sleep deprivation affects police performance and suggests tailored sleep interventions may help. Officers reported getting seven hours or less of sleep per night due to shift work, job pressure, and emotional fatigue.
A conclave of paleontologists, data scientists, and journal editors will meet in Kansas to improve how data is shared among professionals and beyond. The event aims to align paleontological data with FAIR practices, making it easier for researchers to access and reuse.
Researchers at UC San Diego School of Medicine have discovered a link between stress and inflammation and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a type of aggressive and lethal cancer. The findings could lead to the detection of PDAC before it becomes life-threatening, enabling early screening tools for precision medicine.
SwRI's award-winning NEXTCAR project successfully completed its 8-year-long connected and automated vehicle technology project. The completed SwRI NEXTCAR vehicle demonstrated up to 30% energy savings compared to traditional hybrid vehicles.
Researchers developed an 'aging clock' that can assess the biological age of brain cells and identify potential rejuvenating interventions. The study found 453 unique compounds with therapeutic potential, some of which are known to extend lifespan in animal models.
Researchers discovered a new pathway to boost immunity against parasitic infections, suggesting that NSAIDs like ibuprofen could be repurposed as anti-parasitic treatments. Gasdermin C plays a crucial role in this process, targeting and penetrating Rab7-positive vesicles to reduce prostaglandin d2 levels.
Researchers discovered that a subtle shift in gene activity rhythms at higher temperatures, known as waveform distortion, helps maintain the body's 24-hour cycle. This process also influences synchronization with day-night cycles and environmental cues.
A recent study by Florida Atlantic University found that US adolescents with cannabis use disorder have low treatment completion rates, ranging from 34.2% to 33.8%. The most common reasons for not completing treatment were dropping out, transferring facilities, and being terminated. Adolescents who began using cannabis at a younger age...
Researchers have successfully reconstituted mouse egg cell development from embryonic stem cells entirely in vitro, without ovarian support cells. This new method enables detailed analysis of molecular mechanisms and has important implications for human reproductive biology and fertility preservation.
A recent study published in Nature Metabolism found that patients with type 2 diabetes have accumulated misfolded proteins in their mitochondria, which can lead to cell death. The researchers hope that targeting the protein-folding mechanism could be a new avenue for therapy.
A new study found that less than 5% of children admitted to hospital with suspected sepsis met the Phoenix Sepsis Score, highlighting the need for more accurate measures to diagnose sepsis in children. The research also showed that the current clinical tool failed to detect cases early and underestimated the overall burden of disease.
Researchers discovered that statins selectively modulate key components of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, leading to lower levels of tumor-promoting proteins and cancer-suppressing cellular behaviors. Statins downregulate SATB1 while increasing SATB2, making cancer cells less able to grow and spread.
Scientists have identified a reliable method to achieve stabilization in compressed earth blocks using recycled glass particles and lime. Testing showed that a mix of 10% lime and 10% recycled glass produced the strongest blocks with no cracking under intense pressure.
Researchers developed a smart neural network model that combines CNNs and RNNs to predict multicolor soliton evolution, surpassing limitations of standard frameworks. The dual-channel system accurately tracks changes in energy, wavelength, and phase with remarkable accuracy.
A 21-day study found that restricting food variety triggers unique shifts in individual gut microbiomes, contradicting the assumption of uniform microbial outcomes. The results suggest personalized nutrition approaches are essential for achieving targeted microbiome modulation.
Researchers at UBC Okanagan discover that quantum Coulombic interactions play a key role in controlling free radicals, essential molecules for life. This finding has significant implications for the design of drugs and enzymes.
Curtin University researchers have detected significant Starlink satellite interference with radio astronomy observations, affecting up to 30% of images. The study highlights the need for regulatory improvements to minimize the impact of satellite technology on research.
Researchers used mathematical modelling to explain why babies nap on some days but not others, and how older people wake up earlier. The study showed that the 2PM model reflects brain activity as people switch between sleep and wakefulness, offering new insights into sleep patterns and potential solutions.
Researchers created a new type of cellulose-based plastic that displays structural color without dyes or pigments. The plastic is comparable in strength to traditional plastics but made from natural biodegradable ingredients, and it can be easily recycled using water.
A new breath test has been developed to detect blood cancers, showing promise for early diagnosis and treatment monitoring. The test uses exhaled breath analysis to identify molecules produced by cancer cells, potentially providing a quick and affordable diagnostic tool for areas with limited access to specialist equipment.
A new study by Macquarie University researchers found that adding colour to concrete panels increased marine biodiversity in Sydney Harbour. The team discovered that red panels supported communities distinct from other coloured panels, attracting higher numbers of green algae and barnacles.
Climate models project an accelerating increase in heatwave duration due to global warming, with each additional increment of warming causing larger increases in long heat waves. As temperatures rise, the typical length of heatwaves will also increase, posing significant impacts on humans, livestock, and ecosystems.
Research combines AI-generated disinformation with the repetitive truth effect to create persuasive content. A study found that while neither tactic convinced participants of conspiracy theories, AI-generated disinformation increased perceived consensus among both parties.
Researchers used an experimental technique called annealing to rescue a damaged camera on NASA's Juno spacecraft, offering lessons for other space systems that experience high radiation.
Researchers used synthetic STARR-seq to quantify the effects of single-nucleotide substitutions on ABRE activity. Alterations in the ACGT-core sequence had a significant impact on ABRE activity compared to changes in the flanking region.