Researchers from the University of Tokyo demonstrate that classic theory does not hold in areas with low dip angles, explaining why giant earthquakes can form in such areas. The study's findings provide a theoretical basis to extend observation efforts to previously overlooked features.
Researchers discovered that nocturnal hawkmoths are the main pollinators of Jasminanthes mucronata, a plant species native to Japan producing black nectar. The study highlights the potential importance of colored nectar in nocturnal pollination systems.
Scientists successfully visualize two distinct mechanisms of magnetism switching in antiferromagnets, providing insights into ultrafast magnetic memory and logic devices. The findings suggest that the material itself could switch even faster under appropriate conditions.
Muscle stem cells secrete c1qtnf3, which redirects macrophages from immune to regenerative functions, promoting tadpole tail regeneration. This discovery offers insights into the regenerative capabilities of certain animals and paves the way for further research into potential applications in mammals.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have developed a new microscope that can detect signals over an intensity range 14 times wider than conventional microscopes, enabling label-free observations of cells and particles.
A dogbane species has evolved to mimic the smell of injured ants to attract flies that feed on the ants and pollinate the flowers. The discovery reveals that floral mimicry is more diverse than previously imagined.
Scientists have successfully demonstrated quantum squeezing of a nanoscale particle, achieving motion uncertainty smaller than quantum mechanical fluctuations. This achievement paves the way for basic research and applications like autonomous driving without GPS.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have successfully grown a novel pencil-shaped structure of gold nanoclusters, dubbed 'gold quantum needles'. These structures show responsiveness to near-infrared light, enabling higher-resolution biomedical imaging and more efficient light-energy conversion. The breakthrough could lead to targete...
Researchers found that nonequilibrium thermodynamics explains why optimal transport theory is optimal in diffusion models, leading to robust data generation. The discovery offers a novel thermodynamic approach to machine learning research, particularly in image generation.
Researchers found that deep neural networks exhibit absorbing phase transitions, a phenomenon observed in physical systems like forest fires. This discovery provides a unified framework describing how the signal propagates between layers of neurons, enabling prediction of trainability and generalizability.
Researchers found that obesity causes a disruption in the liver's ability to adapt to starvation, specifically in the temporal coordination of molecules. This suggests that obesity makes the body more vulnerable to the negative effects of starvation, despite no significant structural disruptions in the molecular network.
Researchers detect anomalous Hall effect in collinear antiferromagnets with non-Fermi liquid behavior, revealing a 'virtual magnetic field' that boosts the phenomenon. The findings open up new possibilities for information technologies and require further experimental confirmation.
Researchers demonstrate that light can interact with a single-atom layer of thallium-lead alloys, restricting spin-polarized current flow to one direction. This phenomenon enables functionality beyond ordinary diodes and paves the way for ultra-fine two-dimensional spintronic devices.
A joint research group clarifies a key mechanism of how retrotransposons preferentially insert in the centromere. The findings reveal strong integration biases for certain genetic elements, shedding light on rapid genome evolution.
Researchers develop a computational method to determine the crystal structures of multiphase materials directly from powder X-ray diffraction patterns. This approach can analyze existing experimental data that was previously difficult to decipher, leading to potential discoveries of new material phases.
Scientists have clarified the conditions under which large numbers of 'squishy' grains, similar to those found in biological tissues, undergo a yielding transition from solid-like to fluid-like behavior. The findings provide insights into the roles of mechanical and biochemical processes in biological systems.
Researchers developed a machine learning model to predict dielectric function of materials, facilitating novel dielectric material development. The model speeds up calculations by using chemical bonds between atoms and achieving accuracy close to first-principle calculations.
Scientists at the University of Tokyo have developed a new system that increases the measurement rate of Raman spectroscopy, a technique used to identify molecules. This improvement enables faster identification of molecules and cells, with applications in biomedical diagnostics and material analytics.
A study of a 2000-year-old Yayoi individual's genome found that the majority of Japanese immigration came from the Korean Peninsula during the Yayoi and Kofun periods. The discovery provides new insights into the details of ancient immigration patterns to Japan.
Scientists have clarified how the DDM1 protein prevents 'jumping gene' transcription by making it accessible to suppressing chemical marks. This discovery has implications for understanding genetic conditions and developing new treatments for humans.
Researchers discovered that H3K9 methylation is not a simple 'off switch' but rather a 'dimmer switch' that fine-tunes DNA transcription in thale cresses. The study found that two other proteins, LDL2 and ASHH3, play a crucial role in this process.
Simulations reveal that dense molecular clouds can give birth to very massive stars that evolve into intermediate-mass black holes. The study provides new insights into the potential mechanisms of intermediate-mass black hole formation, which could have significant implications for our understanding of these enigmatic objects.
Researchers elucidated the spatial structure and molecular mechanisms of 'prime editor,' a novel gene-editing tool that achieves reverse transcription without DNA cutting. This breakthrough contributes to designing gene-editing tools accurate enough for gene therapy treatments, opening new avenues for both basic and applied research.
Research reveals that hornets are the primary pollinators of two Angelica species, contradicting the notion that these plants have generalist pollinators. This discovery impacts ecological research and conservation efforts by highlighting the importance of hornets as pollinators.
Scientists have found a new way to create ordered states in quantum systems by increasing particle motility, leading to potential breakthroughs in quantum computing and magnetic memory. This discovery extends the concept of active matter to the quantum realm and has far-reaching implications for technology development.
Researchers have discovered the first orchid species pollinated by gall midges, a tiny fly species. The study found that the flowers of Oberonia japonica are specifically adapted to attract female gall midges, which then transfer pollen and access structures, solving a mystery in plant-pollinator relationships.
Researchers found that Amystrops sap beetles pollinate fragrant screw pines, contrary to previous assumptions about wind-pollination. The study also revealed floral thermogenesis in male and female flowers of Pandanus odorifer.
Researchers found large individual differences in roundworm neural activity despite conserved neural circuits. Computer simulations including noise accurately model whole-brain activity, shedding light on neuronal connectivity and essential role of noise in brain function.
Researchers discovered that a specific phase of neck motor neuron activation in roundworms adjusts their trajectory toward higher salt concentrations. This finding highlights the neural mechanisms underlying navigation and sensory-motor integration, shedding light on how even simple animals adapt to environmental changes.
Researchers have unlocked the developmental mechanism of a unique reproductive process in Japanese green syllid worms. The stolon, a detached body part with gametes, swims autonomously and spawns after developing eyes, antennae, and swimming bristles.
A study by researchers at the University of Tokyo found that the presynaptic Ube3a E3 ligase molecule plays a key role in eliminating neural synapses. This discovery offers insights into developmental disorders such as Angelman syndrome and autism spectrum disorders.
Researchers from the University of Tokyo and Stanford University analyze slow and fast earthquakes, showing that their magnitudes vary with time. The study confirms the scaling law for slow earthquakes, which defines the relationship between magnitude and duration, and reveals physical processes governing events.
Scientists at the University of Tokyo develop a technique to create nano-sized quantum sensors on measurement targets, enabling high-resolution magnetic field imaging with applications in superconductors and electronic devices. The breakthrough uses boron vacancies or lattice defects in hexagonal boron nitride film, allowing for easy d...
Scientists discovered a novel method to activate G protein-coupled receptors from inside cells, which can help develop drugs with fewer or no side effects. This new process uses a non-peptide message molecule called PCO371 that binds to the intracellular region of the receptor and interacts directly with G protein subunits.
Researchers found that endotherms have well-developed turbinates and larger nasal cavities than ectotherms, helping to cool their brains. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of nasal cooling in warm-blooded animals from their theropod dinosaur ancestors.
Researchers at the University of Tokyo have discovered the 3D structure of TnpB, a protein involved in genome editing and a probable precursor to the CRISPR-Cas12 enzyme. The study reveals how TnpB recognizes and cuts DNA using a unique pseudoknot shape similar to that found in guide RNAs of Cas12 enzymes.
Scientists discovered the molecular basis of CAMSAP3's role in stabilizing microtubules, which is critical for cell survival and various cellular processes. The findings provide a key concept to understanding how microtubule dynamics control cellular phenomena.
Researchers developed a new method to distinguish current carriers in the BCS-BEC crossover, a phase transition between superfluids and superconductors. The team measured fluctuations of currents, quantified as the Fano factor, which can identify single-particle- and pair-currents.
Researchers have developed a new ultrafast infrared spectroscopy method that can detect molecular vibration information at high speeds. This method, called upconversion time-stretch infrared spectroscopy (UC-TSIR), provides over 30-fold more spectral elements and 400 times better spectral resolution than conventional methods.
Researchers reveal Akt2's role in insulin-regulated metabolism, initiating energy production and nucleic acid synthesis. The study provides new insights into metabolic disorders like diabetes, paving the way for targeted therapeutics.