A new analysis found that none of the certification programs for personal care products require laboratory testing, relying on ingredient lists and paperwork instead. This approach cannot catch contaminants or impurities that may be present in the product.
Scientists have discovered that prolonged exposure to high humidity can break down glow-in-the-dark pigments, highlighting the importance of proper storage and exhibition conditions. The research aims to develop longer-lasting phosphorescent materials for various applications, including fashion and safety.
A new study led by Northwestern University reveals that loneliness can reprogram the brain to drive alcohol consumption in males, but suppress it in females. The study identified a specific brain circuit that explains how social isolation escalates alcohol use in males, marking a major advance for the field.
Researchers from the University of Osaka have developed a prediction framework that rapidly evaluates promising quantum materials without sacrificing accuracy. The framework enables the evaluation of optical losses using simplified theoretical expressions, making searches much more tractable.
Researchers developed a new technique to estimate tides at the scale of individual beaches, revealing significant variations between beaches. This approach uses satellite images of shorelines to measure tidal patterns, enabling more accurate predictions of tide levels and coastal flooding risk.
Researchers have developed an electrically powered plasma heating method to produce cement without burning fossil fuels, reducing carbon emissions by nearly 100 times. The new method lowers waste heat and introduces nanoscale defects that improve the strength of cement.
A study by Mass General Brigham, Boston University, and the Concussion & CTE Foundation found that at least 1-in-4 former NFL players who died between 2016 and 2021 had chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), with 61.3% of NFL donors with CTE meeting clinical criteria for dementia. The study also found that dementia was common among br...
Research suggests that dysfunctional brain cells can contribute to cognitive decline by altering nerve fibers and myelin. The study found that reducing NRF2 activity in these cells can lead to changes in myelin and nerve fibers associated with cognitive decline.
Researchers developed a multi-scale monitoring framework to detect ground settlement in urban metro corridors. The framework integrates InSAR, laser scanning, and ground penetrating radar to provide a comprehensive assessment of settlement and its underlying causes.
A new study from the University of British Columbia finds that AI cannot replace traditional language learning, but a hybrid approach combining corpora and AI can be effective. The study suggests that educators use AI to verify student answers and improve accuracy, while still relying on traditional corpora for teaching collocations.
Professor Lundström's patented electrochemical method recovers metals from ores and recycled materials, reducing chemical dependency and enabling green electricity use. Her work, including the Electrodeposition-Redox Replacement technique, supports a competitive EU green transition and sustainable metal production.
Researchers uncover novel physics in magnetic skyrmions' asymmetric diffusion in structured environments, enabling nonlinear, geometry-controlled information processing. The study reveals a new principle for controlling thermal diffusion using topology and geometry.
A new study published in The BMJ found that nearly a quarter of former NFL players who died from 2016 to 2021 had confirmed CTE, with stage IV CTE linked to symptoms typical of dementia. The study provides one of the most informative estimates to date of CTE burden among former NFL players.
A new blood test detects Alzheimer's disease using plasma amyloid-β seeding activity, achieving a diagnostic accuracy exceeding 90% in the validation cohort. The test uses real-time ultrasonic protein misfolding cyclic amplification technology, marking a critical transition in AD diagnosis.
A new workflow allows ecologists to quantify individual animal habitat specialisation, niche breadth, and repeatability, providing a more accurate picture of wild population dynamics. This has real implications for conservation, enabling researchers to move beyond population averages toward more targeted conservation methods.
Exposure to drought during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of preterm birth and, when persistent, with a greater likelihood of the baby being small for gestational age. The study analyzed nearly 30 million births in Brazil, showing a 2% relative increase in preterm birth likelihood across analyzed time scales.
Researchers found that 21 leading open-weight AI models can be modified to bypass safety protections, raising concerns about mass disinformation campaigns and hazardous chemical production. The study's lead author notes that the weaknesses may not be unique to open models, highlighting the need for stronger security systems.
A review in Brain Medicine argues that industrialization changed sleep timing and regularity, not duration, with hunter-gatherers sleeping between 6.4 and 7.1 hours a night, less than the industrialized average. The distinction matters, as it highlights the importance of timing and regularity in sleep patterns.
Research reveals surprisingly diverse diets of premodern commoners in Osaka, including luxury fish and products from distant regions. Dental calculus proteomics analysis identified 38 dietary proteins from 17 taxa, showing that urban commoners had access to a wide range of foods beyond traditional stable isotope analysis.
A new study published in Humanities and Social Sciences Communications found that animation is more effective than text or comics in motivating people to adopt preventive health behaviors. The study, led by researchers at National Sun Yat-sen University, used an original educational series to demonstrate the power of animation in trans...
A five-university Japan-Taiwan research consortium is developing core technologies for circularly polarized organic light-emitting diodes (CP-OLEDs), a type of next-generation semiconductor optical device. The project aims to accelerate breakthroughs in circularly polarized light emission technology.
Physicists at Osaka Metropolitan University have performed a full calculation within Glauber theory, overcoming computational challenges to accurately reproduce experimental data. The results demonstrate that the full Glauber calculation can provide a reliable framework for predicting nuclear collision outcomes.
Researchers at Princeton University have created a semiconductor that can change its properties in response to light, enabling the creation of energy-efficient sensors and computing technologies. This breakthrough material is just a few molecules thick and can be programmed, erased, and reprogrammed with light.
Northern spotted owl populations are approaching functional extinction across the Pacific Northwest, with AI-powered monitoring identifying critical habitats and ecological threats. The study highlights the need for targeted conservation strategies, including barred owl removal and habitat conservation, to prevent further decline.
A narrative review identifies five unique clinical phenotypes for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, guiding tailored patient care. The review highlights the importance of matching therapy to patient clinical profile for improved outcomes.
Researchers used AI to predict genes leading to hematopoietic stem cell aging, finding a regulatory hub in the form of gene-regulating factor Pbx1. Aged stem cells activate two gene programs, one preserving immaturity and the other preparing cells for platelet production.
Researchers at Paul Scherrer Institute PSI have successfully generated first positrons for the Future Circular Collider, a proposed 91-km particle accelerator. The positron source, developed to meet the collider's demanding requirements, uses a compact high-temperature superconducting magnet to capture positrons and create a tight beam.
A study of 2,400 women found that high folic acid intake was associated with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy, especially in pregnancies carrying a boy. Women taking 800 micrograms or more of folic acid per day were more likely to experience spotting and mild bleeding during the first 16 weeks of pregnancy.
A dual-functional single-crystalline layer improves OLED stability by serving as both a stable hole-transporting layer and an effective barrier layer, enhancing device performance and lifetime. The optimized layer demonstrates superior thermal, morphological, and electrochemical stability.
Researchers found that CHD8 mutation causes abnormal differentiation of ventral progenitor cells, leading to autistic-like behavior in mice. This study reveals the role of CHD8 in brain development and paves the way for new therapeutic strategies targeting specific neurodevelopmental stages or cell types.
Researchers reconstructed the ancestral karyotype of the banana family, revealing a stepwise reduction in chromosome numbers from 17 to 9–11. The study also linked chromosome structural evolution to bract color differentiation, providing insights into the genetic regulation of ornamental banana coloration.
Researchers discovered nitrate reductase plays a crucial role in regulating nitrogen-responsive nodulation, balancing costs and benefits of symbiosis according to nitrogen availability. The enzyme maintains internal nitrate levels, preventing excessive nitrate accumulation and suppressing root nodule formation.
Researchers developed a bioinspired lipid nanoparticle that delivered gene-editing machinery to the liver, reducing low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol by over 20% and showing fewer signs of inflammation and toxicity. The nanoparticles also demonstrated positive effects on inflammation and healthy blood flow in cell experiments.
Amino acid sensors play a crucial role in regulating tumor biology by linking nutrient availability to tumor adaptation and immune evasion. Targeting these sensing pathways may expose metabolic vulnerabilities and provide new opportunities for combination cancer therapy.
Researchers developed a system using a 3D time-of-flight camera to measure frozen skipjack tuna, capturing dense 3D point-cloud data for accurate body size and weight estimation. The combination of 3D imaging and machine learning analysis yielded accurate noncontact estimates of fish body weight.
A global forest study found that trees do not substantially alter their physiological traits to cope with prolonged drought. However, maintaining physiological capacity may allow trees to maximize carbon assimilation during favorable periods, while narrowing hydraulic safety margins pose a threat.
A new study reveals that the Moon's soil can be decoded to reveal history of supernova explosions. Researchers developed a mathematical model to unscramble the lunar surface, providing guidance for future core samples. The model reveals insights into the history of our Solar System's journey through the galaxy.
Engineers at Texas A&M University, NASA, and Purdue University create algorithms for managing spacecraft traffic around Gateway, a lunar spaceport. The system balances fuel efficiency and operational demands to reduce the risk of collisions during space missions.
Researchers found a naked comet in an image from the Subaru Telescope archive, allowing for the study of Comet 28P/Neujmin's surface structures. This discovery helps understand how Solar System bodies formed and evolved.
Researchers developed a quantum light translator that preserves phase information through four-wave mixing, enabling secure communication networks and quantum computing. The study demonstrates strong phase preservation across a wide range of operating conditions, with correlations exceeding 0.95 in some cases.
Researchers integrate AI into local monitoring sensors to track ecosystem health in near real-time, reducing delays of months to years. The project enables faster release of accessible flux data, helping scientists understand ecosystem responses to change and inform land management decisions.
A $2.1 million NIH grant will support research into the primary cilium's functions in protein synthesis and energy production, with implications for neurological disease. The study will investigate the role of primary cilia in embryonic brain development and connect fundamental cell biology with neurological disorders.
A new study from Virginia Tech scientists reveals the complex relationship between temperature, photoperiod, and bear hibernation behavior. The research found that temperature and day length interact to shape hibernation behavior, potentially disrupting climate-driven changes in hibernation timing.
Researchers tested electron beam technology on ground turkey, finding it effective in inactivating pathogens while preserving meat quality. The study used modified atmosphere packaging to minimize oxidation effects, resulting in preserved meat quality and inactivation of pathogens.
The partnership between SUNY Stony Brook and Brookhaven National Laboratory extends New York State's quantum communications network, enabling new discoveries across various industrial sectors, bolstering research and cybersecurity. The expansion aims to improve computer operations and unlock new opportunities to improve New Yorkers' li...
Researchers analyzed 16 enacted laws across 10 states to understand the patchwork of state social media laws, finding that limiting access had the least supporting evidence, while media literacy training showed promise
Researchers identified seven distinct phases in the journey from space rock to meteorite, with melting and fragmentation controlling mass loss and slowing down. The study used 75 meteorite falls and found that melting causes most of the rock's mass loss, with rocks breaking apart at specific altitudes.
USC researchers have developed custom, 3D-printed MRI sensors that provide clearer images of small organs in infants and children. The sensors, which can be customized to individual patients, are made in under 10 minutes and cost around $30.
A new study by Mass General Brigham researchers identifies dual specificity phosphatase 5 (Dusp5) and zinc finger protein 219 (Zfp219) as key regulators of T cell dysfunction in cancer. The findings suggest that blocking Zfp219 activity could be a promising approach to improving T cell function in older adults, potentially leading to b...
A study in birds found that physical activity in youth decreases energy used for moving as an adult, with significant implications for human health. The research, led by Penn State researchers, suggests that children who are physically active may become more efficient movers, making exercise more accessible and beneficial for adults.
Researchers found that natural gas drilling can lead to elevated radium content in local drinking water due to increased salt levels. This can pose serious health risks, including an increased risk of cancer. The study used private water wells and springs to collect samples and found a connection between drilling operations and radium ...
Weill Cornell Medicine has created a new research department, the Department of Systems and Computational Biomedicine, with Dr. Dan Landau as its inaugural chair. The department will harness cutting-edge computational approaches to illuminate how disease develops and forge innovative prevention and treatment strategies.
Sylvester Cancer Center has ranked #1 in Florida and #23 nationwide, thanks to discoveries of a genetic mutation that enables blood cancers to evade BTK inhibitors. Researchers are exploring new therapies and using AI to advance precision medicine.
A new study suggests that a magnetic field existed in the infant solar system, possibly playing a role in shaping the sun and early planets. The discovery was made in ancient meteorite dust, which preserved records of the magnetic field's strength and intensity.
Researchers at Dartmouth Health identified a higher risk of severe reactions in patients with alpha-gal syndrome when receiving blood plasma or platelet transfusions, particularly from type O donors. The study suggests that pre-existing antibodies to alpha-gal from tick bites may be a contributing factor.
The updated guideline recommends routine obesity screening, comprehensive lifestyle intervention, and individualized use of medications and endoscopic and surgical procedures. Obesity should be treated as a chronic disease requiring longitudinal, flexible care pathways.
Matt Jaffe, a Montana State University physicist, has received a $150,000 research grant to study the interactions between light and matter, with potential applications in quantum computing and quantum sensing. His research aims to develop new methods for entanglement distribution and gravity measurement using optical cavities.
Researchers with Texas A&M AgriLife Research are exploring the potential of prickly pear cactus as a source of biofuels and functional food ingredients. The crop's resilience and value make it an attractive option for sustainable agriculture, but scaling production and standardizing ingredients remain key challenges.
Scientists at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a new manufacturing approach combining 3D printing and electroforming to produce complex, leak-free components for advanced nuclear reactors. This approach streamlines production and reduces reliance on traditional supply chains.
Engineered microscopic vibrations from synthetic materials can dramatically improve fuel efficiency in passenger jets. Researchers have discovered super-resonance and scatterless interference, enabling more effective control over turbulence and airflow.