A team of researchers successfully enhanced the stability and performance of perovskite solar cells by introducing light-switchable molecules into grain boundaries. The new material design increases operational stability and lifespan while maintaining competitive performance.
Five Lehigh University professors have been recognized for their innovative work, collectively holding over 2,000 U.S. patents. Their research focuses on diverse areas, including orthopaedic device technology, nanocrystalline alloys, and energy storage systems.
Researchers introduce 'tuberculogenic environment' concept, highlighting interplay between social structures and TB risk. Current efforts overlook broader structural factors sustaining TB epidemic.
A new discovery from Lund University reveals that minor changes in moisture levels can promote lipid molecule reorganization, affecting skin, lung, and tear film protection from dehydration. This understanding can inspire smart materials and improve lipid-based drug delivery systems.
Recent studies show that T cells support milk production and have lasting effects on maternal health and infant immunity. The review highlights emerging evidence of the crucial role of immune cells in lactation, which can inform strategies to improve maternal and infant health outcomes.
Researchers shed light on moths & butterflies' evolution, conservation needs, and diverse feeding habits. Discoveries suggest that these insects obtained plant-digesting abilities from fungi, while mandibled moths were once more diverse but largely extinct.
A new study has identified key candidate genes for citronelloid biosynthesis in the Citronella plant, including terpene synthase and dehydrogenase genes. The research also provides a molecular framework explaining species divergence and tissue-specific accumulation of these compounds.
The article summarizes updated recommendations on fertility preservation in people with cancer, considering potential health risks to offspring and treatment side effects. Clinicians should inform patients about available options before treatment initiation.
A study developed a bacterial cellulose-based delivery system loaded with nisin and mandelic acid to target acne treatment. The system exhibited strong antibacterial activity and antioxidant properties, while showing minimal cytotoxicity in fibroblast cells.
Laughter beats embarrassment when making small mistakes, research from the American Psychological Association finds. Laughing at oneself signals social confidence and reduces tension, while acting embarrassed may be perceived as excessive. The study suggests that humor is socially effective in certain situations but risky in others.
A new study from Binghamton University School of Management provides a framework for organizations to anticipate, interpret, and respond to social media backlash. The toolkit identifies four phases of online social disapproval and offers guiding questions and analytical indicators to aid in early detection, response, and recovery.
Contemporary donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors are now at 44% of organ procurement organizations. DCD donations account for half of all deceased donors in the US, leading to increased reliance on these organs to maintain transplant access.
Researchers have identified a novel transcriptional module that governs purple background coloration in flare tree peony. The MYB transcription factor PrMYB75a and its upstream regulator PrFRS2 work together to control anthocyanin accumulation, leading to uniform petal background color.
The GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH has discovered a total of 192 nuclear isomers, more than any other research facility worldwide. Dr. Ivan Kojouharov is responsible for 143 of these discoveries, making him the top co-discoverer globally.
A team of researchers from the University of Oldenburg has discovered a unique genetic pattern, or 'fingerprint', associated with NOTCH1 gene variants that commonly cause congenital heart defects. This breakthrough enables more reliable diagnoses and targeted therapies for patients and their families.
A new study has identified an altered expression of specific genes in individuals with obesity, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), and liver fibrosis. The research team found that inhibiting the gene expression can reduce liver fibrosis, offering a potential new treatment option.
A new monoclonal antibody neutralizes the toxin pyocyanin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, reducing cellular damage and increasing survival of immune cells. This approach has the potential to reduce antibiotic use and minimize infection progression without promoting antibiotic resistance.
A recent study reveals that PD-L1 functions beyond immune regulation to regulate intracellular signaling pathways within cancer cells. The research team identified a novel molecular mechanism by which PD-L1 directly regulates autophagy signaling, leading to reduced cell proliferation and suppressed tumor growth in lung cancer models.
A recent study by Politecnico di Milano researchers reveals that environmental migration in Somalia is primarily driven by water scarcity, with over three-quarters of cases linked to droughts and food insecurity. The study emphasizes the need for community-led solutions, coordinated policies, and international collaboration to address ...
Researchers at Houston Methodist found that short-term antibiotic treatment significantly reduced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration following traumatic brain injury by altering the gut microbiome. Beneficial bacteria Parasutterella excrementihominis and Lactobacillus johnsonii drove cell repair, while reducing harmful gut bacteria.
Scientists at Columbia University have experimentally confirmed that quantum fluctuations in a 2D material can alter the properties of a nearby crystal. The team placed a nanometer-sized flake of hexagonal Boron nitride on top of a superconducting material, where the vibrations matched and interacted, suppressing superconductivity.
A new study examining small-scale farming in Tanzania argues that major agricultural development initiatives are built on flawed assumptions about how rural households make decisions. The research finds that household composition, gender dynamics, and labor constraints strongly shape how small-scale farmers allocate land and labor.
A new study mapped 77 reviews on outcomes for children in out-of-home care, revealing significant gaps in knowledge, particularly around identity, bullying, and early education processes. The review aims to inform policymakers and practitioners with a comprehensive understanding of the evidence base.
A study published in the Chemical Engineering Journal proposes a new method for environmental remediation of pharmaceutical pollutants in water. The researchers used high-energy sparks to degrade pollutants, achieving better results than conventional methods.
Pickleball professionals and amateurs showed low use of high-quality protective eyewear, with many relying on personal prescription glasses that may not provide adequate protection. This study underscores the importance of consistent use of well-fitting protective eyewear to prevent pickleball-related eye injuries.
The Synergy Framework aims to support effective research knowledge valorisation by aligning Open Science and Intellectual Property management. The framework identifies key barriers, including limited IP literacy and policy inconsistencies, and provides recommendations for researchers, institutions, and policymakers.
AI research at Georgia Tech suggests that simple safety measures are not enough to address the technology's moral implications. The study proposes a middle ground between safe and autonomous AI by advocating for 'end-constrained ethical AI.' This approach prioritizes fairness, honesty, and transparency in AI decision-making.
A universal 'instruction manual' helps immune cells protect our organs by identifying MafB, a key genetic regulator that enables macrophages to reach full maturity and preserve organ health. This discovery sheds light on how the immune system sustainably protects multiple organs from chronic diseases.
A recent study at the Universities of Bonn and Freiburg has discovered a previously unknown mechanism by which mitochondria influence lipid storage in cells. The molecular machine MIM complex and enzyme Ayr1 play key roles in this process, which affects cellular lipid metabolism.
Researchers created an automated method to quickly analyze the metabolic effects of natural products, such as kratom, using high-resolution mass spectrometry and molecular network mapping. This breakthrough provides a detailed view of how chemicals are reshaped by human metabolism, marking a major step in natural products research.
A new study finds that a novel GLP-1 receptor agonist, Exendin-4-Phe (Ex-Phe-1), preserves glycemic control while reducing malaise and vomiting behaviors in preclinical models. The compound uses biased agonism to selectively activate certain signaling pathways, achieving desired effects without triggering others.
The study found that representation of underrepresented racial/ethnic groups nearly doubled in cosmetic surgery patients, from 17% to 33.5%, between 2010 and 2023. This trend exceeded demographic shifts in the US population, with an average annual increase of 10% for underrepresented groups compared to 2% for the overall population.
A novel delivery method using microscopic lipid bubbles has successfully delivered a neuroprotective molecule to the brain, improving motor function in mice with ALS. The breakthrough could pave the way for human clinical trials to slow down or halt disease progression.
Research suggests that a breastfeeding mother's breast temperature may protect her newborn from hypothermia due to its broad contact surface. This discovery could provide an evolutionary explanation for the development of external breasts in humans.
A new study reveals that global digital strategies are interpreted and negotiated within cultural contexts, shaping the way they are put into practice across borders. The research introduces a grounded theory framework to help leaders understand how technology, organisations, and culture interact in real-world settings.
Researchers from Georgia State University, Marcus Autism Center and Emory University are collaborating to investigate the causes of profound autism in children. The 7,500 child study will explore patterns in development, behavior, brain activity and genetics to find more effective therapies.
Donation after circulatory death has become routine in the US, with organs from these donors used for multiple transplants. The number of circulatory-death donors increased significantly over 25 years, making them a major source of kidneys and livers.
A novel quantitative imaging approach using PET and MRI can identify limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE), a distinct neurodegenerative disorder resembling Alzheimer's disease. This framework may guide targeted diagnostic work-up and personalized care for dementia patients.
Research found that dogs and 16-month-old toddlers exhibited similar prosocial behaviour when searching for a hidden object, with over 75% of them indicating or retrieving the object. In contrast, companion cats rarely showed such behaviour, suggesting domestication may not be enough to produce human-like cooperation.
Researchers found that poorly written questions disproportionately affect weaker students, while high-performing students can navigate flaws more easily. The study suggests that improved faculty training and rigorous test question review are necessary to ensure fair assessments.
A recent study led by Virginia Tech researchers found that certain medium-chain fats in infant formulas can strain the developing liver and lead to early signs of steatotic liver disease. Newborn pigs fed with these formulas accumulated liver fat faster than those fed long-chain fats, despite receiving the same calories and protein.
Researchers analyzed 15-year data from a clinical trial, finding that 70% of patients remained alive and 42% were considered cured after treatment. Cure modeling estimated the overall cure rate at 42% of treated patients.
The University of Bath has been welcomed as a full member of the CMS Collaboration at CERN, gaining access to latest data, facilities, and computing infrastructure. The partnership strengthens the university's research impact in particle physics, enabling advancements in detector upgrades and cooling systems.
A study by the University of Texas at Arlington found that digital hotlines are providing anonymity, easy access, and a lower-pressure way for survivors to seek help. Advocates tailor their guidance to each person's situation, building a plan together while ensuring the survivor is in a safe space.
Appointing a practice manager partner leads to increased direct patient care staff, administrative staff numbers, and total patient list size. This reduces the risk of closure or merger for smaller GP practices. Manager partners alleviate financial and administrative burdens on GPs.
A comprehensive review of over 100 brain-imaging studies reveals that connecting with nature triggers changes in the brain, calming stress and restoring attention. The study supports the emerging field of nature connectedness, suggesting that spending time outdoors can lead to measurable changes and has a broader societal impact.
A new Danish study compiles ten years of research identifying several factors during pregnancy and childhood that advance the timing of puberty, including genetic predisposition, maternal health, and psychosocial stressors. The study found an average shift of about three months, affecting both physical wellbeing and later health outcomes.
Researchers have identified the molecular structure of GL300_RS07945, a long-misunderstood enzyme, and found it to be L-threonate 3-dehydrogenase, which plays a crucial role in metabolizing C5/C6 sugar acids via the L-threonate pathway. This discovery provides significant insights into the metabolic processes of bacteria.
Researchers at the University of Basel have developed a gene therapy that can potentially treat LAMA2-related muscular dystrophy, a rare and fatal muscle disease in children. The therapy has been shown to stabilize muscles and nerves and halt disease progression in animal models, with a single treatment being sufficient.
New study exposes biased social media curation and systemic discrimination against Dalits in India. The research highlights how digital platforms shape, limit, and sometimes erase the histories and experiences of groups already facing discrimination offline.
A recent study from Peking University explores how core reflection bridges the gap between educational theory, classroom practice, and teachers' personal well-being. The holistic model leverages traditional Chinese principles to foster deeper professional growth and more sustainable teaching practices.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have identified how smoking damages the eye and contributes to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Cigarette smoke exposure causes epigenetic changes in retinal pigmented epithelial cells, leading to dysfunctional clusters and decreased gene expression.
Researchers at Tohoku University discovered that subtle variations in coordination symmetry significantly alter reaction energetics and product selectivity in single-atom electrocatalysts. Asymmetric Co-N3 sites exhibited enhanced overall ORR activity, while lower-symmetry Co-N5 centers achieved the highest selectivity toward hydrogen ...
A study by University of Helsinki found that virtual wooden walls and a wood scent significantly enhance recovery and mood. The combination of visual and scent stimuli produces the best results, making it suitable for indoor spaces like workspaces and breakrooms.
A systematic review categorizes EEG studies in shooting sports into four main directions, revealing brain plasticity principles and neural efficiency mechanisms underlying exceptional performance. Elite shooters exhibit enhanced activation in the right brain hemisphere, synchronizing alpha rhythms to suppress irrelevant thoughts.
A large review of studies found no consistent effect of music on focus or mood during exercise, with results varying depending on intensity and participant characteristics. The findings suggest that broad claims about music's benefits are not always supported and highlight the need for more rigorous study designs.
Researchers develop a multifunctional hydrogel system with broadband electromagnetic interference shielding and infrared stealth performance, exceeding that of commercial-grade materials under various harsh conditions. The gel's mechanical robustness and environmental stability are enhanced by a synergistic MXene treatment strategy.
Researchers found that tumors with androgen receptor alterations experienced poorer outcomes, shorter overall survival, and earlier need for subsequent therapy. Serial liquid biopsies revealed real-time molecular changes linked to treatment pressure.
A recent study found that tropical algae were largely unaffected by periods of global warming up to 1.5 degrees Celsius in the distant past. This resilience provides valuable insights into the potential consequences of climate change and supports the goal of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees.
The study found that terminal ileum intubation significantly increases the diagnostic yield for inflammatory bowel disease, anemia, abdominal pain, and chronic diarrhea. Routine ileal biopsy is recommended during colonoscopy for patients with abnormal mucosal findings or red-flag symptoms.