A team of international researchers has identified a previously unknown genetic cause of Crohn's disease in children, specifically pathogenic variants in the BIRC3 gene. The study found that loss of BIRC3 function leads to dysregulation of the RIPK1 signaling pathway, promoting chronic inflammations and increasing epithelial cell death.
Researchers found that oxygen spillover drives silver transport by forming mobile Ag−O δ− species, while the electric field controls the direction and speed of silver migration. This dynamic restructuring enhances the oxygen evolution reaction by creating more active triple-phase boundaries.
Researchers found frequent silencing of TRAIL-R2 in breast tumors through promoter hypermethylation, associated with invasive ductal carcinoma and advanced tumor stage. Lower TRAIL-R2 expression was linked to more aggressive disease and reduced overall survival.
Paula Rubio-Fernández has been awarded an ERC Advanced Grant to test and develop a new theory of common ground in conversation. Her project aims to understand how people build and manage shared understanding through real-time multimodal interaction.
A new VR project from San José State University and New Media Learning aims to improve public education, information engagement, and learning using immersive technologies. The project will establish a Unity-based testbed integrated with the National Science Foundation's Virtual Experience Research Accelerator.
Researchers Anna Galler and Bettina Könighofer at Graz University of Technology will use FWF's Astra awards to identify quantum materials for future electronics and develop trustworthy AI systems. Their projects focus on protecting AI systems from risky actions and exploring new materials with unique electronic properties.
A large-scale remote VR study has been launched to understand cybersickness, leveraging the Virtual Experience Research Accelerator (VERA) platform. The study aims to improve VR accessibility and comfort for all users, with preliminary findings suggesting individual differences in how quickly and severely participants experience symptoms.
Researchers have discovered a new way to detect sudden cardiac death risk using AI, which outperforms existing methods and can identify high-risk patients more accurately. The tool uses EKGs to analyze waveform patterns and has shown promise in predicting patient outcomes with a 7% annual rate of sudden cardiac death.
A novel supramolecular film with switchable structural and adhesive functions has been developed, exceeding industry standards for wood adhesion. The film's unique structure retains strength in wet conditions and demonstrates high-performance bonding to wood substrates.
A comprehensive map of human STING reveals how different regions regulate immune signaling and how small genetic changes can alter its behavior. The study identifies both known and previously unknown regulatory sites, providing new insight into how immune signaling is regulated.
A new article by Trevor van Mierlo highlights the importance of trust in digital behavioral health. Key findings include the need for dynamic governance and verifiable audit trails to address mistrust issues.
A recent study published in PLOS One analyzed DNA from 111 individuals across 19 archaeological sites in Sicily, revealing a complex demographic history. The results show that North African descent was present earlier than expected, and both Islamic and Christian burials had diverse ancestry patterns.
Comprehensive smoke-free laws were associated with sustained reductions in cardiovascular disease mortality across US counties. However, the magnitude of these associations varied significantly by demographic groups, suggesting a need for additional strategies to address disparities in tobacco exposure and improve cardiovascular outcomes.
A new study predicts that genetic testing for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) will lead to a significant increase in clinic visits to specialized ALS centers over the next decade. The study estimates that 2,704 people in the US will have a gene-related form of ALS and 10,944 gene carriers by 2026.
Researchers found that self-focused language increased in the US and Germany over five decades, but remained stable in Japan and Hong Kong. This suggests that cultural contexts influence changes in societal centrism.
Researchers studied a magnetic cloud's extreme expansion as it approached Earth, finding it expanded by 21% and heated up due to plasma collisions. The study sheds light on how these solar storms can impact our planet.
Researchers developed a bidirectional interface that uses muscle vibrations to restore natural sensations of movement in upper limb prosthetics. The system restored coordinated hand grasp movement patterns, or 'synergies,' similar to those felt by participants with different kinesthetic feedback systems.
Researchers found that Bigg's killer whales are increasingly present in Puget Sound, while southern resident killer whales are spending less time in inland waters. The data suggests that social cues may play a role in the changing distribution of southern residents.
A recent analysis of the Healthy Primary School of the Future program found that Dutch children performing better in math tests, thanks to healthier lunches and increased physical activity. The study suggests a positive correlation between these factors and academic success.
A new study found that beef protein worsens gut inflammation in mice with IBD, while pea protein shows protective effects. The research suggests that dietary protein source plays a key role in shaping gut health.
Researchers analyzed 44 years of killer whale data in Washington state, finding a decline in the presence of endangered fish-eating killer whales. In contrast, populations of Bigg's killer whales, which prey on seals and other whales, are becoming more abundant.
A study analyzing ancient DNA from 111 individuals across Sicily's archaeological sites reveals a genetic 'melting pot' where Christians and Muslims coexisted, challenging the idea of large-scale population change.
Researchers at RIKEN CEMS created a thin conducting layer at oxide interface and observed reentrant superconductivity, where superconductivity disappears then re-emerges under increased magnetic field. This phenomenon provides new platform for investigating unconventional forms of superconductivity and quantum mechanisms.
A Canadian study of over 13,500 older adults found that social networking sites were associated with poorer perceived mental health. Email use was positively correlated with mental health, while no significant associations were found for other digital communication tools.
Researchers propose 'nudges' could alter hurricane tracks, weaken freezes and reduce extreme rainfall through carefully-timed cloud seeding operations. The approach aims to complement conventional disaster management and encourage more favorable outcomes from potentially devastating weather events.
A global study found that a decline in societal acceptability of intimate partner violence against women is linked to faster reductions in such violence and improved human development. The research, published in PLOS Global Health, analyzed survey data from over 1 million women and men across 60 countries.
Researchers at Hospital for Special Surgery identified SPP1ʰmacrophages that promote excessive joint tissue expansion in rheumatoid arthritis. These cells work with structural cells and protein scaffolds to drive abnormal growth, suggesting a coordinated interaction between immune cells, structural cells, and the extracellular matrix.
A new study finds that Fair Workweek laws have made work schedules more predictable for service sector workers, improving job quality and financial stability. The laws also reduced exposure to back-to-back shifts and last-minute changes without cutting wages or benefits.
A study of high school students found that total abortion bans in states were associated with increased suicidal ideation among females, with similar but less precise estimates for suicide attempts. The findings suggest that these policies may adversely impact female adolescents' mental health.
Researchers have extracted and analyzed ancient proteins from Homo naledi fossils, revealing a potential all-female burial site. The study suggests that the adult fossils found in South Africa's Rising Star Cave system lack physical variations typically expected between males and females.
Researchers at UC San Diego discovered a previously unknown mechanism that contributes to high blood cholesterol by depleting LDL receptors. A CTSA inhibitor has already shown safety in humans and may be effective in treating high cholesterol, offering a new treatment option for patients.
Researchers have identified a consistent microbial signature of colorectal cancer by reanalyzing nearly 6,800 gut microbiome profiles. The study found that microbes detected in stool samples reflect microbes found directly within colorectal tumours.
A nickel-catalyzed approach yields chiral benzylic amines with broad substrate scope and excellent enantioselectivity. The method bypasses common challenges in asymmetric imine functionalization.
A new species of wormlion fly has been discovered in the Himalayas, characterized by its large size and pitfall-feeding strategy. The species, Vermitigris tsangyanggyatso, is distinct from its closest relatives due to its unique physical traits.
A new genetic study provides the most detailed picture to date of late Neandertal diversity in North-Western Europe. The researchers found that these Neandertals were part of a larger and more well-connected regional population, unlike previously seen in Siberia.
A recent study found that self-directed cognitive behavioral therapy for chronic pain (CBT-CP) resulted in modest improvements in pain interference, sustained over 12 months. Additionally, self-directed CBT showed higher session-completion rates compared to clinician-delivered CBT-CP.
A new study suggests that functional brain imaging can help guide accelerated transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for depression, leading to improved symptoms and response rates. The approach uses resting-state functional connectivity analysis to identify individualized treatment targets.
A new study has unveiled a high-resolution global map of seagrass, revealing areas of loss and recovery, and providing valuable insights for conservation efforts. The map shows that seagrass ecosystems store approximately 640 trillion grams of carbon, equivalent to the yearly emissions of 500 million cars.
Astronomers have successfully observed the previously elusive 'event horizon' of a black hole at the moment of collision, allowing for new insights into quantum physics and general relativity. This breakthrough enables astrophysicists to study extreme gravity and phenomena like frame dragging near the event horizon.
Scientists have identified three powerful, drug-like molecules that directly target beta-arrestins, the first clear way to control these proteins with pharmacological precision. The compounds block beta-arrestin interaction with GPCRs and carry out their normal functions, allowing signaling through G proteins to persist.
A pilot study found that immunotherapy can stimulate egg maturation in women with autoimmune POI, leading to healthy births in three out of ten cases. The treatment involves rituximab, an approved drug for autoimmune conditions and cancers, which suppresses the autoimmune process and activates the remaining egg reserve.
A cross-sectional study found that GLP-1 receptor agonists are misused by people with eating disorders to maintain rapid restriction and weight loss. The prevalence of lifetime use was higher among those with eating disorders than the general adult population, highlighting a need for safe prescribing practices.
Researchers discovered that bilingual brains store concepts in a mental map spanning both languages, allowing for smooth language switching while keeping them distinct. The brain organizes individual words within each language and connects equivalent meanings across languages using a semantic map.
A review of research on repeated weight loss and regain suggests that yo-yo dieting is not necessarily as harmful as often portrayed. The benefits of weight loss can outweigh the potential risks of later weight regain, with several large studies showing that obesity itself is a primary driver of metabolic disease risk.
A new study by UCL researchers found that electric vehicles' carbon-reduction benefits vary across Chinese cities due to unequal distribution of electricity generation. The study suggests that richer cities can transfer their emissions to less developed cities, increasing pollution and costs.
A decade of canine research suggests that genetically engineered Beagles could be a complementary and welfare-conscious model for autism treatments. The study gathers findings on the behavior and traits of these dogs in relation to human autism, including signs of treatment with oxytocin and psychedelics.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge have successfully demonstrated a scalable approach to solar-powered plastic recycling, converting plastic waste into clean hydrogen fuel and valuable industrial chemicals in outdoor conditions. The technology uses a simple spray-coating method to produce photocatalyst materials and reactors ...
Researchers developed zebrafish model that reproduces key features of CADASIL, a hereditary disease causing brain damage and recurrent strokes. The study found progressive decline in cerebral blood flow and impaired learning ability, similar to human patients.
Researchers study blind Mexican cavefish to understand how evolution rewires the brain and shapes behavior. They found that cavefish become more active in light, a response believed to help them avoid predators.
A new robot mimics the movement of an inchworm using a soft muscle-like material, allowing it to navigate challenging environments. The robot can be used to inspect sewer pipes or explore the planet Mars without multiple actuators.
A genetic difference in nearly one in three people may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 and lung fibrosis by disrupting a previously unknown protein. The study, published in Nature Communications, highlights the importance of understanding hidden biological pathways to improve diagnosis and treatment.
Professor David Engblom of Linköping University has won the Onkel Adam Prize for his groundbreaking research on how inflammation affects brain function and behavior. His work aims to alleviate human suffering by improving treatment and care.
Researchers developed a tandem neural network that rapidly infers key semiconductor material properties from simple transistor measurements, outperforming conventional approaches. The system produces results in under one millisecond with near-perfect accuracy.
A study of 87,577 adults found that average daytime light exposure above 1,000 lux reduced dementia risk by 16%. Longer exposure to bright light was associated with an even greater reduction in risk. Daytime light exposure was stronger predictor of dementia than established risk factors.
Researchers aim to create a physics-based forecasting tool that predicts degradation and durability of TiFe-based metal hydride vessels through a chemical and thermo-mechanical framework. The tool will enable accurate lifecycle assessments of solid-state hydrogen storage systems.
A global analysis of fish biodiversity in rivers reveals that warmer climates and larger catchment sizes are associated with increased biodiversity. However, human activity weakens this relationship, particularly in smaller river catchments. The study demonstrates the potential of environmental DNA as a tool for rapid, large-scale biod...
Researchers analyzed over 380,000 songs released between 1960 and 2023, finding a significant shift towards language linked to harm, cheating, and degradation. Moral virtues like care and decency became less common over time.
A new study compared menopause symptoms in women at the average age of 51 years and those with premature ovarian insufficiency, finding similar symptom burden in psychological and urogenital domains. Urogenital symptoms, including sexual problems and bladder issues, were the most commonly reported in both groups.
The STOC-T technology resolves optical noise in eye imaging by fundamentally changing the way imaging data is collected, resulting in sharper images and improved diagnostic accuracy. This new approach addresses the problem earlier, before image construction, rather than relying on post-processing algorithms.
JMIR Publications and Jisc have expanded their Flat-Fee Unlimited Open Access Partnership, making APCs free for researchers affiliated with participating institutions. The agreement allows researchers to prioritize open access publishing without financial burdens.