Astronomers have found strong evidence that young red dwarf stars can swallow their own nearby planets. The study, published in Monthly Notices of the Astronomical Society, suggests that six different red dwarfs had engulfed Earth-like rocky planets, providing a fresh burst of lithium to their atmospheres.
The SPIE Scholarship Program provides support to 85 students studying optics, photonics, or related fields with scholarships ranging from $3,000 to $11,000. The program aims to build a sustainable photonics industry through high-impact support for students and emerging leaders.
Researchers found that patients who continue to smoke ahead of lung cancer surgery have a higher risk of pulmonary complications. However, their short-term mortality rate is similar to those who were able to stop smoking before surgery. The study suggests physicians reconsider traditional models and consider individualized plans for pa...
Researchers discovered the Zwan-Wolf effect in the Martian atmosphere, which helps move solar wind plasma around the planet and makes it less dense. This finding advances scientists' understanding of how the sun interacts with the solar system, particularly on unmagnetized bodies like Mars.
A new framework for chemical bonding is introduced using maximally entangled atomic orbitals, capturing conventional and complex bonding phenomena, including multicenter bonds and aromatic systems.
International students in Poland adopt complex acculturation strategies, blurring heritage cultures with those of the host society. This enables them to form multicultural identities and challenge traditional gender roles.
A new study developed a spatial atlas of specialized immune structures, called tertiary lymphoid structures, across multiple cancer types. The atlas revealed that TLS maturation state, spatial location, and composition within tumors provide clinically meaningful information about cancer prognosis and treatment response.
A study published in Animal Behaviour found that bottlenose dolphins in Sarasota Bay associate more with others using human-centric foraging tactics. Human activities like foraging and red tide events influence dolphin social structure. The research suggests changes in social networks can have lasting consequences.
The study found that small plankton in polar oceans survived the K-Pg boundary extinction event because they needed less energy and were more tolerant to darkness. This breakthrough provides new insights into the mechanisms linking environmental changes to selective extinction patterns.
Researchers at MIT have developed a low-temperature process to extract battery-grade lithium from hard rock minerals, minimizing waste and costs. The closed-loop system can produce useful materials, including lithium salts, alumina, and silica, with an estimated cost reduction of half compared to traditional methods.
Researchers developed a innovative technology that rapidly discharges bubbles and boosts hydrogen production efficiency by clearing pathway blockages in the catalyst layer. The new structure allows water and gas to pass through, improving stability and performance.
Researchers discovered that immune cells in a pigeon's liver can sense the Earth's magnetic field, providing an internal compass. This discovery sheds light on how birds navigate long distances and could have implications for other animals and humans.
A study by Bielefeld University investigates how fans of different national teams physically respond to match events during the 2026 FIFA World Cup. Researchers aim to understand how football supporters around the world experience victories and defeats of their teams, using data from smartwatches.
A longitudinal study of 12,000 German participants confirms that high emotional well-being is associated with being single compared to enduring a poor or moderate-quality relationship. The quality of the relationship is the ultimate deciding factor in determining emotional health.
A recent study found that oceanic regime shifts are affecting subarctic moth communities, with some species benefiting from warmer temperatures while others decline. The study, conducted at the University of Turku in Finland, suggests that moths play a crucial role in the fragile subarctic ecosystems, and their populations can fluctuat...
Researchers discovered that transposable elements are actively expressed in human brains as large RNAs, which can be processed into small RNAs. The study found that Huntington's disease impacts transposon small RNA expression, while Parkinson's exerts a stronger impact on transposon large RNAs.
Researchers from Hong Kong Metropolitan University are developing a novel Cantonese post-drinking speech detection system using artificial intelligence. The system will analyze multiple indicators, including speech rate and grammatical structure deviations, to compare users' language performance before and after alcohol consumption.
A new Oxford study models the impact of compound shocks on global grain supplies, highlighting countries with diverse suppliers and flexible trade networks as more resilient. The analysis suggests that producing all food domestically is unfeasible for many countries, leaving them exposed to global food crises.
The project aims to shape future international engineering guidance for coastal infrastructure as climate change increases storm surge risk. Researchers will gather environmental data on saltmarsh systems and work with international partners to develop practical hybrid green-grey infrastructure solutions.
A new study published in PLOS Digital Health identifies simple food substitutions that can improve meal nutritional quality and lower costs. By analyzing 135,491 meal records, researchers trained an AI model to suggest one to three ingredient swaps, resulting in a 10% improvement in nutritional quality and a 22-34% reduction in costs.
Researchers discovered why antibiotics fail to treat peri-implantitis, a jawbone infection affecting up to 20% of implant patients. Titanium particles from implants activate a calcium channel in macrophages, hijacking the immune system and causing inflammation that destroys bone.
Research exposes soprano pipistrelle bats to weak broadband radiofrequency noise, disrupting their ability to sense the magnetic field and navigate. The study reveals a 'carryover effect' of electromagnetic noise pollution on bat behavior, with potential ecological consequences.
Researchers discovered that certain organelles in plants can efficiently compensate for mistranslated proteins, a key to their environmental stress acclimation. Plants tolerate high rates of plastid mistranslation via regulated proteostasis.
Neuropsychology researchers have identified a unique brain rhythm in the thalamus that distinguishes between different states of consciousness. The discovery, published in Nature Human Behaviour, reveals a rapid oscillation pattern in the frequency range of 20 to 45 Hertz exclusively during waking hours and REM sleep.
Brown University computer scientists introduce PackUV, a compression method that enables everyday video formats to stream volumetric video. The technique improves capture of 3D action and makes final products compatible with existing video codecs.
A study of 211 million supermarket transactions found that 26.7% of customers who bought menstrual products also purchased pain relief, a trend linked to income level. The analysis highlights the need for greater awareness and policy interventions to address menstrual pain disparities.
Researchers develop novel microscopy technique to study energy materials, revealing electronic and magnetic phenomena on femtosecond and picosecond timescales. The technique enables spatially resolved imaging of ultrafast electro-magnetic phenomena across large fields of view.
A new study shows AI can generate hundreds of convincing finance research papers efficiently, but also raises concerns about the potential impact on academic community and meaning of scientific discovery. The study demonstrates how AI can accelerate research paper production while highlighting areas for improvement in peer-review systems.
Researchers introduced a simplified soil vapor transport scheme to address a common issue in conventional land-surface models, which struggle to realistically represent soil drying in arid regions. The revised model produces more realistic drying in near-surface soil layers by representing the movement of water vapor through soil pores.
Chlamydia notifications decreased in seven European countries, with significant declines among young people. The decline was mainly seen in Sweden, Denmark, England, Finland, Ireland, Norway and the Netherlands, with case numbers dropping by up to 32% in some countries.
A recent study found that AI-powered chatbots can provide accurate information in 76.2% of healthcare-related questions, with specialties like obstetrics and gynecology performing best. However, internal medicine, neurology, and dermatology saw lower accuracy rates, with risks of harm associated with incorrect responses.
Elisa Bertino, Purdue University professor, has been elected ACM President, aiming to strengthen the organization's role in promoting computing excellence. She plans to support early-career researchers, promote open access to publications, and expand ACM's reach globally.
Researchers found that running high-intensity interval training (HIIT) triggers a more inflammatory immune response than cycling HIIT. Cycling produced a similar anti-inflammatory effect compared to running, suggesting it could be used in exercise programs to achieve beneficial effects without tissue damage.
A clinical trial is underway at Rice University and Baylor College of Medicine to develop advanced neuroprosthetics for individuals with paralysis. The team is working on decoding cortical neural signals to control robotic assistive devices, enabling people with tetraplegia to eat and drink independently.
A new study by UNIGE and SCAHT reveals that cannabis use is associated with an increase in testosterone levels, particularly in the testes. However, this increase does not appear to have a direct link to fertility, and further research is needed to determine potential long-term effects.
Researchers at Trinity College Dublin found that cells with latent TB remain metabolically flexible, allowing strong antibacterial responses. In contrast, cells from people with active TB disease show impaired metabolism and weaker responses to infection.
A new study published in the Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport found that most children meet guidelines for restrained sitting, but urban children and those with more vehicle time are less likely to meet the guideline. Higher levels of physical activity were associated with greater likelihood of meeting the recommended guideline.
A study by McGill University researchers found that individuals with a weaker sense of self are more likely to experience less bodily awareness. The 'rubber hand illusion' experiment replicated previous findings, revealing the connection between mind-body perceptions and self-concept clarity.
Researchers at the University of Jyväskylä have developed an AI model that can analyze colorectal cancer samples more efficiently and accurately predict the functioning of the cells' DNA repair mechanism. This could lead to shorter diagnosis times, reduced costs, and improved analysis accuracy.
A new study by University of British Columbia researchers links multinational activity to greater deforestation and biodiversity loss in Africa. Multinational firms are found to have a much larger environmental impact than domestic firms, driven by factors such as sector concentration and the 'pollution haven' effect.
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo genetically engineer cyanobacteria to produce sulfated polysaccharides, a sustainable route for manufacturing biomaterials. The study demonstrates the feasibility of engineering complex biosynthetic pathways in photosynthetic organisms.
Researchers confirmed locations for nine well-below-Earth's-crust deep earthquakes, proving the existence of continental mantle earthquakes. The study revealed striking patterns, including extremely high temperatures and a heterogeneous structure in the Wyoming Craton.
Research suggests that commonly used anemia medications can inhibit tumor growth and prevent new blood vessel formation, offering a potential dual approach to treating both conditions. The findings open up new possibilities for treating cancer in patients with anemia, who currently face separate treatment goals.
A new study found that a simple angiogram scoring system can identify patients whose heart muscle is still alive even when a major artery has been completely blocked. This breakthrough could change how cardiac patients are treated and help doctors make faster, more informed decisions.
A large national study found that veterans diagnosed with cancer are at a higher risk of suicide attempts, especially in the months following diagnosis. The risk can persist for years and is highest among younger veterans, women, and those with certain types of cancer.
Lanzhou Jiaotong University researchers developed a droplet-based energy harvesting technology that converts secondary wastewater effluents into electricity. The system achieved high output performance and successfully powered LED lights, demonstrating its practical energy harvesting capability.
Scientists have found that the Sun's internal 'biorhythm' has undergone significant changes over the past 40 years, with solar magnetic activity becoming more tightly confined near the surface. This discovery suggests the Sun may be entering a new phase of activity that could impact space weather.
Researchers at Aarhus University discovered a new compound, 4-octyl itaconate, that inhibits inflammation in joints by activating the body's anti-inflammatory system. This treatment targets synoviocytes instead of immune cells, offering a promising new option for patients with severe or treatment-resistant rheumatoid arthritis.
Researchers found that yellow fever mosquitoes can learn to associate the smell of DEET with food, leading to a significant reduction in their repellent effect. The study suggests that the timing and concentration of DEET application may be more crucial than previously thought.
Researchers developed a nanofiber drug delivery system that uses electrospun fiber membranes to deliver multiple drugs in concert, demonstrating improved efficacy against glioblastoma. The system enables localized long-term delivery of drugs directly at the tumor site after surgery.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have found that autoimmunity is responsible for the symptoms of long COVID in a subset of people. The study suggests that therapies already validated for managing autoimmunity, such as IVIG and FcRn inhibitors, could be effective in reducing symptom burden.
A deep learning model combines knowledge from different catalyst families to identify a top-performing green hydrogen catalyst. The AI correctly predicted the activity ranking of 12 tested catalysts within a previously unexplored material family.
The São Paulo School of Advanced Science on Nonlinear and Quantum Photonics will bring together leading global specialists in nanophotonics, nonlinear optics, and quantum optics. The event will provide two weeks of intensive learning on key topics including quantum optics and information.
Researchers discovered that mosquitoes can learn to associate the smell of DEET with food, making them more likely to bite people who smell of DEET. The study found that when exposed to DEET repeatedly, mosquitoes became desensitized to its repellent properties and began to view it as a potential meal source.
A new study found that certain snake species, like pygmy rattlesnakes, are at risk for serious illness and death due to multiple pathogens. Snakes can carry pathogens without showing symptoms, but co-infections increase disease prevalence.
Researchers find popular sodium-ion battery matches performance parameters and production quality of Tesla's lithium-ion batteries. Tweaking the Hina battery to charge more effectively at low temperatures could provide a cost-effective alternative for future electric vehicle batteries.
Researchers develop SiC-based absorbers via dual rare-earth synergistic engineering, achieving remarkable reflection loss values and excellent impedance matching characteristics. The material exhibits distinct polarization loss peaks in low, medium, and high frequency bands.
Diagnostic interviews, long considered the 'gold standard' for identifying mental health conditions, may not be as consistent as previously thought. The meta-analysis found that standardized interviews are only moderately consistent when assessed repeatedly by the same person.
In a cross-sectional study of ambulatory visits, digital after visit summary engagement was found to increase but remained low, especially among unmarried males, non-English-speaking populations, and publicly insured populations. This inefficiency highlights the need to reevaluate postvisit communication in these groups.
Researchers suggest targeting upstream metabolic nodes to regulate mTORC1 signaling and autophagy defects in neurodegenerative diseases. Acetyl-CoA production modulation and p300 acetylation activity regulation may also hold therapeutic promise.