Researchers employ NMR spectroscopy and MRI to differentiate between two tanning methods used on ancient skins, revealing changes in chemistry and relaxation properties.
A team of physicists has successfully cooled highly-charged ions to sub-Kelvin temperatures, forming a Coulomb crystal that opens up new fields in laser spectroscopy. This breakthrough enables precision tests of quantum electrodynamics, measurement of nuclear properties, and laboratory astrophysics.
Researchers at Ghent University have developed mid-infrared frequency combs, which enable high-resolution spectroscopy for detecting gases. The combs' broad spectrum allows for fast and accurate analysis of molecular fingerprints, making them suitable for environmental monitoring and medical diagnostics.
Researchers at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have identified changes in the structure and bonding of graphitic carbon electrodes that may improve the capacity and efficiency of electrical energy storage systems. The new X-ray adsorption spectroscopy capability provided key information on how the structure and bonding evolve du...
A new study uses MR spectroscopy to identify biochemical changes associated with precancerous breast tissue in women with BRCA gene mutations. The technique shows promise for detecting cancer at an early stage, potentially allowing for more targeted treatments and preventive measures.
Physicists use high-resolution spectroscopy to study and control matter, enabling precise control over atomic transitions and revealing hidden information about atom structure. The technique has applications in quantum computing, where it could offer significant boosts in computing power and improve computer security.
Scientists have developed a new method to analyze hair samples at crime scenes, using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to detect minute amounts of illicit drugs and explosives. This technique can quickly confirm whether hair is dyed and what brand of colorant was used.
A new frequency comb has been developed that can operate at higher powers and cover the 3-12 micron spectral range. This breakthrough is achieved through a quantum cascade laser-based solution, offering improved performance and potential applications in metrology, spectroscopy, and frequency synthesis.
Researchers at McGill University developed a powerful new intraoperative probe for detecting cancer cells in real time during surgery. The Raman spectroscopy probe has a greater than 92% accuracy in identifying invasive brain cancers, and its use may improve patient outcomes by reducing cancer recurrence and extending survival times.
Researchers have discovered holes in the valence bands of nanodiamonds when they are dispersed in water, but not on a solid-state substrate. This discovery suggests that electrons at the surface of nanodiamonds can donate to surrounding water molecules, potentially influencing their chemical and catalytic properties.
A joint international research project has led to a breakthrough in terahertz spectroscopy, enabling the analysis of nanocrystals and molecules at extremely low concentrations. Researchers successfully increased technique sensitivity using nanoantennas, allowing for enhanced absorption and spectroscopic signature retrieval.
Four pulses of laser light on nanoparticle photocells reveal how captured sunlight can be converted into electricity. The study, published in Nature Communications, uses a novel approach to understand multiple exciton generation in nanomaterials.
Researchers used attosecond XUV spectroscopy to capture individual snapshots of electrons transitioning from the valence shell to the conduction band in silicon. The transition takes less than 450 attoseconds, allowing scientists to study complex electronic processes that were previously too fast to be approached experimentally.
Scientists have developed a new light-based tool to monitor and improve swimming technique and aid in muscle recovery. The technology uses near-infrared spectroscopy to measure muscle oxygenation underwater, providing valuable feedback for swimmers and helping track rehabilitation progress.
Researchers developed a new X-ray spectroscopy technique called SWAPPS, combining standing-wave and ambient-pressure photoelectron spectroscopy to study heterogeneous interfaces with sub-nanometer resolution. This allows for the measurement of elemental and chemical composition with enhanced sensitivity in narrow interfacial regions.
Scientists at Institute of Food Research developed a fast and cheap alternative to DNA testing for distinguishing horse meat from beef. The new method uses NMR spectroscopy to analyze the chemical composition of fat in meats, with results available in just ten minutes.
Researchers from Chongqing University have discovered a new method to compress laser linewidth based on Rayleigh backscattering, achieving ultra-narrow linewidths of hundreds of hertz. This breakthrough enables the development of portable laser devices with precise optical signals, revolutionizing fields like spectroscopy and sensing.
Researchers developed a methodology to directly measure the duration and temporal intensity distribution of ultra-short X-ray flashes. They characterized these pulses using streaking spectroscopy, revealing pulse durations of up to four and a half femtoseconds.
Researchers from the University of Southampton have developed a new technique, Ultrafast photomodulation spectroscopy (UPMS), to help produce more reliable and robust next-generation photonic chips. This method uses ultraviolet laser pulses to change the refractive index of silicon in a tiny area on the chip.
Scientists have found that self-doping in the copper-based material YBCO enables it to conduct electricity without loss at room temperature. This groundbreaking discovery challenges traditional understanding of high-temperature superconductivity and could pave the way for more efficient electrical applications.
Scientists at Berkeley Lab have developed a unique microring laser cavity that can produce single-mode lasing even from conventional multi-mode laser cavities. This breakthrough holds implications for optical metrology, interferometry, data storage, spectroscopy, and communications.
A group of scientists from the US used atomic-resolution Z-contrast imaging and X-ray spectroscopy to analyze two types of dislocations in CdTe, a binary II-VI semiconductor. The study could lead to improved conversion efficiency in CdTe solar cells and advance understanding of crystal structure defects.
Berkeley Lab researchers used trARPES to measure the ultrafast response of electron self-energy to photo-excitation in a high-temperature superconductor. The results show a link between electron-boson coupling and superconductivity.
A team of scientists has found that water molecules form a 'funnel' around proteins, guiding them to potential binding partners. This collective water movement assists binding and supports the mutual recognition of biomolecules, allowing them to select or reject certain partners.
A graphene biosensor has been developed to detect cancer risk biomarkers, such as 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), with high sensitivity and speed. The sensor is capable of detecting concentrations as low as 0.1 ng mL-1, outperforming conventional detection methods.
Researchers in Guangdong, China have developed a new non-invasive method to screen for prostate cancer using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy combined with support vector machine (SVM) analysis. The technique achieved an accuracy of 98.1 percent in identifying cases of cancer.
Researchers developed a new technique to measure nanomechanical properties of microstructures undergoing stress and heating, revealing insights for improving microelectronics and battery designs. The technology uses laser-based Raman spectroscopy to study surface stresses and their impact on mechanical properties.
Researchers from the Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority and Wuerzburg University devised a new way to authenticate organic produce. Their report uses nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to differentiate between conventional and organic tomatoes.
Researchers used functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to examine brain activation during a working memory task in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls. The study found differences in brain activation patterns between the groups that were dependent on task load.
Researchers have developed a new method using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy to distinguish between gutter oil and safe, edible oil. The technique uses principal component analysis and artificial neural networks to detect toxic substances like bacteria and heavy metals.
Researchers develop theoretical framework to generate coherent radiations in the water window range, enabling high-contrast imaging of biological samples. The study extends previous work on hydrogen and applies it to argon atoms, paving the way for improved spectroscopy techniques.
A team of researchers has developed a method to determine the absolute value of charge formation efficiency in organic photovoltaic cells, enabling high-throughput screening of materials. The technique, combining two types of spectroscopy, reveals a high charge formation efficiency even at low temperatures.
Researchers have developed a simple method to detect contaminants on atom-thin graphene using terahertz spectroscopy. The technique involves placing the graphene on a layer of indium phosphide, which emits terahertz waves when excited by a laser pulse, allowing for non-contact detection and mapping of changes in electrical conductivity.
Researchers at University of Chicago developed a new technique to map microscopic environments using molecular vibrations, combining microscopy with two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy. This technique offers data on vibrational dynamics that traditional microscopy lacks, while adding spatial information.
High-field nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (≥ 7.0T) detected abnormalities in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease rats, including reduced N-acetylaspartate wave crest, elevated creatine and choline wave crest, and neuronal shrinkage.
A team of engineers has created a portable device for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy using minuscule chips, reducing the footprint for multidimensional analysis of molecules. The devices can operate accurately over a wide temperature range and may be assembled into a massively parallel array to accelerate analysis of com...
The new NIST technique uses broadband, coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (BCARS) to create high-resolution images of biological specimens. It achieves signals that are 10,000 times stronger than spontaneous Raman scattering and 100 times stronger than comparable coherent Raman instruments.
Researchers at Monash University have developed a novel test using Fourier Transform Infrared (FITR) spectroscopy to detect malaria parasites in blood. The technique uses an anti-tank Javelin missile detector to identify infected red blood cells, providing highly detailed information on a sample area in minutes.
Chemists have made a breakthrough in visualizing hydrogen bond interactions, which play a key role in biological molecules and pharmaceuticals. Using two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy techniques, researchers directly observed the coordinated vibrations between hydrogen-bonded molecules.
Researchers at Rice University developed a single-molecule sensor using Raman spectroscopy and an optical amplifier, amplifying the optical signature of molecules by about 100 billion times. This technique has the potential to identify unknown molecules without prior information.
Scientists have observed the creation of temporary intermediate structures during amylin aggregation, which may explain why proteins aggregate into toxic plaques. The new technology using 2D IR spectroscopy helps elucidate the physics and chemistry behind amyloid diseases.
Researchers have developed a new type of optical fiber that can guide UV laser light without being damaged. The fiber has a hollow core with a diameter of 20 µm, which allows for single-mode transmission and reduces loss. This breakthrough enables new applications in precision spectroscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and process plasmas.
Researchers developed a new, non-destructive method to identify many types of inks on various papers and surfaces. The tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) technique can analyze organic colorants with high sensitivity and spatial resolution, making it suitable for preserving valuable cultural heritage treasures.
Researchers developed a new technique to study photochemical reactions, allowing for simultaneous monitoring of electronic and molecular dynamics. This breakthrough could answer questions about photochemical and photobiological systems, enabling the development of more efficient solar energy systems and nanomaterials.
The first patient has been enrolled in the PROSPECT II clinical trial, a study that aims to assess the ability of intracoronary near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to identify non-flow obstructing vulnerable plaques. The trial will enroll 900 patients with acute coronary syndrome and follow them for up to 15 years.
Scientists from MIPT, RAS, Kurchatov Institute and Kintech Lab Ltd have developed a new method to synthesize nickel-carbon compounds using electron irradiation. The study reveals potential electronic, magnetic and optic features of these compounds.
Researchers create pulse picking technique to enable users to select individual x-ray pulses on demand for high-resolution time-of-flight spectrometers. This allows for more precise band structure examinations in materials science.
Scientists from RIKEN have directly measured the proton's magnetic moment with record precision, resolving one of physics' deepest mysteries. This achievement could help explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe.
A team of astronomers has identified a Wolf-Rayet star as the probable progenitor of a recently exploded supernova using flash spectroscopy. This technique allows for rapid identification of pre-explosion stars at greater distances than previously possible.
Researchers use NMR spectroscopy to enrich a mouse's carbon isotopes, enabling the growth of biological tissue in the lab. The technique has huge potential for scientific and medical breakthroughs, including replacing heart valves.
Rotational X-ray tracking (RXT) measures slow dynamics in disordered systems, overcoming limitations of previous techniques. The new method reveals unique rotational motion and nanoscale elastic properties of gel networks.
Researchers developed a broadband imaging technique combining atomic force microscopy and infrared synchrotron light to study complex systems at the nanoscale. The new technique, SINS, enables in-depth investigation of liquid batteries, living cells, and novel materials.
A recent study used 7.0T magnetic resonance spectroscopy to analyze biochemical metabolism in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease rats. The findings revealed reduced N-acetylaspartate and elevated creatine and choline wave crests, indicating neuronal damage and inflammation.
Researchers used functional near infra-red spectroscopy to track infant brain development and cognitive function in Africa. The study found similar responses in African and Western infants, enabling the use of a new technique to monitor brain activity from birth.
Researchers at Griffith University's Eskitis Institute have developed a new technique for discovering natural compounds with therapeutic potential. The new screening process involves nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and has identified a potential lead in the fight against Parkinson's disease.
Researchers have identified two new protein markers, GlycA and GlycB, which are associated with inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Elevated levels of these proteins were found in nearly half of the patients who died or suffered an adverse event during follow-up.
Chemists at Ruhr-Universität Bochum have completely analyzed the Terahertz spectrum of dissolved glycine in water, revealing its motion and disproving a long-standing theory. The study used spectroscopy and molecular-dynamics simulations to track the amino acid's movement in an aqueous solution.
Researchers have applied innovative approaches to art analysis, including infrared imaging, thermography, and spectroscopy, to uncover the origins of paintings and detect forgeries. These non-destructive techniques have proven valuable in conserving priceless works of art.
Scientists at the Ames Laboratory used ultra-fast laser spectroscopy to examine the electronic properties of iron-based superconductors, finding evidence of an electronically-driven nematic order. This breakthrough sheds light on the transition from normal to superconducting states and holds potential for advancing energy technologies.
A new scientific blood analysis uses biomarkers and NMR spectroscopy to predict short-term mortality in the next five years. The study found that biomarker concentrations are crucial for normal metabolism, regardless of known risk factors.