New observations from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope reveal small galaxies are responsible for forming a significant number of the universe's stars. This finding supports a decade-long investigation into the relationship between a galaxy's mass and its star-forming activity, providing new insights into the early universe's history.
A new study questions the accepted model of galaxy formation, suggesting that dwarf galaxies may have formed from another galaxy through a tidal interaction. The research criticizes three recent papers that found satellite galaxies to support the standard model, instead finding 'serious issues' with their methods.
A team of astronomers led by Ivana Damjanov has found a treasure trove of compact, densely packed 'red nugget' galaxies in online archives. These galaxies are abundant in the middle-aged universe, providing new constraints on theoretical models of galaxy formation and evolution.
Recent study finds satellite dwarf galaxies in the Milky Way and Andromeda do not behave as predicted by the standard model of galaxy formation. The galaxies are instead found in huge disks, moving in the same direction, like planets in our solar system. This mismatch raises concerns about the accuracy of the standard model of cosmology.
Researchers used ALMA to detect molecular gas in two galaxies rocked by gamma ray bursts, finding it concentrated towards the galaxy centers. The gas was scarce near the explosions, which occurred in dusty environments with little gas present, suggesting intense star formation before the GRBs.
The Illustris simulation recreates the evolution of the universe with unprecedented resolution, including spiral galaxies, elliptical galaxies, and large-scale structures. It also accurately models chemistries of individual galaxies, offering a realistic view of cosmic evolution.
The Cosmic Web Imager has obtained three-dimensional pictures of the intergalactic medium, revealing the structure of the IGM for the first time. The instrument has detected a possible spiral-galaxy-in-the-making, three times the size of the Milky Way.
Cosmic slurp: Researchers used NSF XSEDE supercomputers to simulate tidal disruptions of stars by supermassive black holes, predicting their observational signatures. This will help advance our understanding of galactic physics and properties of supermassive black holes.
A team of astronomers discovered mature galaxies at a record-breaking distance, containing 100 billion stars each. These galaxies formed rapidly over 1 billion years, with star formation rates hundreds of times higher than observed today.
Astronomer Marshall McCall reveals the Milky Way and Andromeda are part of a larger 'Council of Giants', with 12 large galaxies arranged in a ring. The arrangement may have helped build the disks of these galaxies through gas flow.
Researchers found delicate strings of galaxies in previously thought-empty voids, revealing a new type of structure called 'tendrils'. This discovery suggests that voids might be smaller than initially believed, challenging our understanding of the universe's organization.
The spiral galaxy ESO 137-001 is zooming through the Norma cluster at nearly 4.5 million miles per hour, stripping gas from its home and forming new stars in intergalactic space. Astronomers hope that studying this galaxy can help them understand how galaxies form stars and evolve over time.
Researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute detected a stream of stars in Andromeda II, revealing a remnant of a merged dwarf galaxy. The findings provide insight into the rare event of low-mass galaxy mergers, which are expected during galaxy formation.
Astronomers using data from NASA's RXTE satellite discovered a dozen cloud events where gas clouds moved across the line of sight, dimming X-ray light produced by supermassive black holes in active galaxies. The study triples previous cloud event counts and provides new insights into the environments around supermassive black holes.
A team of astronomers has discovered four new galaxy clusters, each containing thousands of individual galaxies, some 10 billion light years away. The clusters are seen as they existed 3 billion years ago, providing insights into the formation of giant elliptical galaxies.
Scientists discovered that massive galaxies in the early universe were formed by explosive star formation triggered by galaxy collisions. This theory contradicts the traditional view that galaxies grew larger over time through constant star formation and mergers.
Researchers found that star radiation can push matter out of galaxies, accounting for the missing galactic mass in previous calculations. The FIRE simulations demonstrate that feedback from stars alters galaxy growth and history in a dramatic way.
Researchers detected a distant quasar illuminating a vast nebula of diffuse gas, extending about 2 million light-years across intergalactic space. The study provides the first image of extended gas between galaxies, offering insight into the overall structure of the universe.
Researchers used data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to discover measurable shifts in giant gas clouds around galaxies in a span of just five years. The findings suggest that these clouds are much smaller than previously thought, with implications for how galaxies form and evolve over time.
AAS meeting highlights four unusually bright galaxies, a galaxy cluster image, and sampling of galaxies thought to be responsible for most stars in the universe. These ultra-bright, young galaxies are forming stars approximately 50 times faster than our Milky Way galaxy.
A team of scientists led by UC Riverside astronomers used Hubble to discover 58 young, diminutive galaxies in ultraviolet light, which are 100 times more numerous and 100 times fainter than detected galaxies. These 'unseen' galaxies formed most new stars during the universe's early years.
Astronomers have observed a recently formed dust factory in the remnant of Supernova 1987A using ALMA. The findings suggest that significant amounts of dust are being created by supernovae explosions, which could explain the dusty appearance of many galaxies in the early Universe.
Astronomers have captured the remains of a recent supernova brimming with freshly formed dust, which could explain how many galaxies acquired their dusty appearance. The ALMA telescope's unprecedented resolution and sensitivity revealed a large dust mass concentrated in the central part of the ejecta.
The AGORA project aims to resolve inconsistencies in supercomputer simulations of galaxy evolution by comparing results from different codes and processes. By applying the principle of reproducibility, researchers hope to identify key physics ingredients that produce realistic galaxies.
Astronomers at UMass Amherst and UT at Austin identify the most distant galaxy, with a redshift parameter of z = 7.51, indicating it is 700 million years old. The discovery challenges theories on galaxy formation and suggests intense star-forming galaxies may be more common than thought.
Researchers analyzed X-ray telescope observations from the Suzaku satellite to study iron distribution in the Perseus cluster. They found that iron is spread evenly between galaxies, suggesting it was created at least 10-12 billion years ago through intense star formation and supernovae explosions.
Researchers use spectroscopy to confirm distance of newly discovered galaxy, z8-GND-5296, which forms stars at a rate ~300 times that of the Milky Way. The discovery sheds light on the earliest formation of galaxies and provides insights into the evolution of galaxies throughout the universe's age.
The recently discovered ultra-compact dwarf galaxy M60-UCD1 has a density of stars about 15,000 times greater than in the Milky Way. The galaxy's central bright X-ray source suggests a massive black hole weighing 10 million times the sun's mass.
A crowdsourcing project, Galaxy Zoo 2, has produced a 10 times larger galaxy catalog than any previous one. Over 16 million galaxy classifications were gathered, representing about 57 million computer clicks, and over 300,000 galaxies were included in the catalog.
Researchers have discovered large arms of hot gas in the Coma galaxy cluster, which are estimated to be around 300 million years old. The smooth shape of these arms suggests a calm setting for the hot gas in Coma, contrary to theoretical models that expect strong turbulence.
New research reveals that 'red nugget' galaxies, previously thought to be extinct, were actually hidden within previous survey data. These compact galaxies may represent a missing link between distant 'red nuggets' and nearby elliptical galaxies.
Researchers Struck and Elmegreen found that the gravitational pull of young galaxy clumps is responsible for the smooth universal brightness profile in older disk galaxies. This process takes a few hundred million years to a few billion years, scattering stars from their original orbits.
Astronomers use Hubble to study distant galaxies 11 billion years ago, confirming the Hubble Sequence holds true as far back as 8 billion years. The study finds that all galaxies fit into different classifications of the sequence, with blue star-forming galaxies and massive red galaxies dominating at these early times.
Researchers have found that mature-looking galaxies existed 11.5 billion years ago, pushing back the timeline of galaxy formation by 2.5 billion years. This discovery confirms the Hubble Sequence, a classification system used to describe galaxy morphology, even at early stages of the universe's history.
A new UMD-led study suggests that a burst of star formation in galaxies can blow out most of the remaining gas, resulting in a long period of starvation. This process is crucial in understanding the universe's surprising paucity of high-mass galaxies.
Astronomers using ALMA telescope discover billowing columns of cold gas fleeing nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253. The gas is likely being ejected due to intense pressure from young stars, potentially explaining the mystery of missing high-mass galaxies.
Researchers using ALMA discovered that Sculptor Galaxy is expelling massive concentrations of cold gas through galactic winds, depriving the galaxy of fuel for new stars. This phenomenon may explain why few high-mass galaxies are observed in the cosmos, as starburst-driven winds recycle rather than remove star-forming material.
A team of astronomers has spotted a distant galaxy consuming nearby gas, which fuels star formation and drives rotation. This discovery supports the theory that galaxies pull in material to grow and form stars.
Astronomers have observed a galaxy feeding on material from its surroundings, shedding light on galaxy formation. The study used ESO's VLT to analyze the properties of gas around the galaxy, providing unique insights into the growth of galaxies.
A team of researchers studied an early galaxy using the ESO Very Large Telescope and Hubble Space Telescope, determining its size, mass, element content, and star formation rate. The study found that the galaxy contained a high proportion of heavier elements, similar to those in the centre and outer parts of the galaxy.
Researchers led by CU-Boulder's John Stocke discovered normal spiral galaxies are surrounded by massive gas halos extending up to 1 million light-years in diameter, much larger than previously estimated. These findings have significant consequences for galaxy evolution and provide new insights into the formation process of stars.
Researchers used CSIRO's Australia Telescope Compact Array to study distant star-forming clumps and discovered massive amounts of molecular hydrogen gas, a key fuel for star formation. The telescope's upgraded bandwidth and sensitivity enabled the detection of carbon monoxide, allowing scientists to estimate galaxy star-formation rates.
Messier 61 is a massive spiral galaxy with a diameter of 100,000 light-years, located 55 million light-years from Earth. The galaxy features six supernovae, making it one of the top galaxies for supernova observations.
Astronomers use a new stacking technique to detect faint signals from distant galaxies, revealing crucial information about the amount of hydrogen they contain. This technique allows for the detection of ancient galaxies and provides insights into the evolution of the Universe.
NASA's Swift satellite has created the most detailed ultraviolet light surveys of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, two closest major galaxies. The new images reveal about 1 million ultraviolet sources in the LMC and about 250,000 in the SMC.
A team of scientists at the University of California, Irvine, has discovered a rare mega-galaxy dubbed HXMM01, which is 10 times larger than the Milky Way. The galaxy was formed after a 11-billion-year collision between two young galaxies and is rapidly fading away due to its own cataclysmic birth.
A team of astronomers used the VLA to create a detailed image of the distant universe, revealing distinct galaxies with gorging black holes at their cores. The study found that 63% of background radio emission comes from galaxies with active black holes and 37% from star-forming regions.
Astronomers have uncovered a massive star factory in the universe's youth, producing stars at a rate 2,000 times that of our Milky Way. The galaxy, HFLS3, has a reservoir of gas and dust, with over 40 billion stars and 100 billion tons of gas.
A team of astronomers has discovered a massive galaxy producing stars at an unprecedented rate of 2,000 times greater than the Milky Way. This 'maximum-starburst' galaxy, called HFLS3, is the earliest known starburst galaxy, dating back to 880 million years after the Big Bang.
Researchers found that Green Pea galaxies, compact and highly star-forming, may leak ionizing radiation. This could confirm the prevailing theory of reionization during the Big Bang's early stages.
Assistant professor of astronomy Misty Bentz will receive a five-year $862,769 NSF grant to measure distances to galaxies with known black hole masses and obtain clearer images of galaxies to predict black hole masses. This project aims to develop a shortcut for predicting black hole mass in any given galaxy through simple observations.
Astronomers using NSF-funded South Pole Telescope and ALMA observatory discover galaxies producing stars at high rates, challenging previous understanding of galaxy formation. The discovery provides valuable data to refine computer models of star and galaxy formation in the early universe.
Researchers have discovered vigorous starbursts in young galaxies, indicating the universe produced stars much earlier than thought. The findings reveal a rate of star formation 1,000 times greater than today's Milky Way and provide new insights into the history of the universe.
A team of astronomers has discovered two ancient, highly active galaxies in the early Universe, formed soon after the Big Bang. These galaxies are characterized by an unusually high rate of star formation and will help improve our understanding of star formation in the early Universe.
Astronomers use ALMA to observe distant galaxies that churned out tens of thousands of stars each year at dawn of the universe. The study finds that these galaxies are more abundant than thought and host intense bursts of star formation.
Astronomers use ALMA to detect 26 distant galaxies, revealing the most distant detection of water in the cosmos. The findings show that star birth bursts occurred much earlier than previously thought, with some galaxies as bright as 40 trillion Suns.
Astronomers found dust-enshrouded, star-forming galaxies that were previously unknown in the universe. The newly discovered galaxies produce stars at a prodigious rate, creating thousands of new suns annually.
Astronomers using ALMA telescope discover starburst galaxies earlier than thought, representing massive galaxies in energetic youth. These galaxies are forming 1,000 stars per year, compared to just 1 for the Milky Way, making them 'monstrous bursts of star formation'.
Astronomers use ALMA to observe distant starburst galaxies, detecting water in one for the first time. The team finds that these galaxies formed stars at a furious pace 12 billion years ago, earlier than previously thought.
A team of astronomers has found galaxies producing stars at a prodigious rate when the universe was just a billion years old. The discovery, enabled by the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), provides valuable data for refining theoretical models of star and galaxy formation in the early universe.